Vibration of rectangle plate with variable density and Poisson’s ratio

The effect of variation in density and Poisson’s ratio is examined, on the vibration of rectangle plate with linear variable thickness. Bi parabolic temperature effect on the plate is also studied and vibrational modes of rectangular plate is calculated by using Rayleigh Ritz method. Authors also compared the present finding with the published results

Need of premarital care

Background: Marriage is considered a remarkable event in an individual’s life. It provides people with a sense of belonging, support, security and responsibility. We put so much of efforts to find a good match for our younger and loved ones but we forget to match the most important wealth of our life “Health”. This study aimed to know the knowledge, attitude and practice of the population through a structured questionnaire.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted using a self-administered questionnaire which was distributed to 110 males and 110 females attending Medicine and Gynae OPD at Safdarjung hospital, New Delhi. Participants were questioned according to the self administered questionnaire and their answers were evaluated.Results: Only 11% of males new of premarital counseling and none of the females were aware of premarital care. Contraception knowledge was also poor among females as 7% females new only I-Pill as the method of contraception. After knowing the importance of premarital counseling and screening 92% males and 52 % females agreed for premarital counseling and screening.Conclusions: Marriage provides people with a sense of belonging, support, security and responsibility. Premarital care nurtures it and fill its “Neev” with the goodness of health. Therefore, it is recommended that premarital care is important before every marriage for the happy and healthy family ahead

A study of incidence of congenital anomalies in newborn: a hospital based study

Background: Congenital anomalies have emerged as a main cause of perinatal mortality as well as infant morbidity and mortality. The aim of this study is to determine the incidence of congenital anomalies and to study associated factors.Methods: It is an observational study conducted in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology of SMGS Hospital during a period of one year from October, 2012 to September, 2013. All women with anomalies proven on Ultrasonography and those having no antenatal record but after delivery/abortion, examination of newborns revealed anomalies; were included in the study.Results: The pattern of congenital anomalies included Central nervous system (49.60%), Urinary system (13.79%), musculoskeletal system (12.99%), GIT (7.16%), CVS (5.83%) etc. The overall incidence of congenital anomalies was 1.85%. Higher incidence of anomalies was found in babies of mother between 26-30 years of age (2.13%) and parity of 4 and above (3.65%). Frequency was more common in Muslims as compared to Hindus (2.8% vs 1.68%), in non-cephalic presentation as compared to cephalic presentation (10.28% versus 1.51%).Conclusion: This study stresses upon incidence of congenital anomalies as they are an important cause of perinatal mortality. To decrease the incidence of various congenital anomalies and their prevalence in the particular region, it is important that the distribution and prevalence are identified in that region and country as a whole.

SURANJANA (COLCHICUM LUTEUM BAKER.) - A RHIZOMATIC PLANT

The drug with the name ‘Suranjan’ commonly in practice today, is the dry extract of underground part of Colchicum luteum Baker. Medicinal use of Suranjana is majorly seen in Unani system of medicine. Unani practitioners have been using this drug as digestive, laxative, analgesic and aphrodisiac agent. It is a proven analgesic and a potent uricosuric drug. Its chief active principle colchicine is a well known drug to treat gout. Hence this drug enjoys an important status in Unani system of medicine and literature.In Ayurvedic literature it has been first mentioned by Acharya Shankar Dutt Gond, in his Shanker Nighantu in 1935 A.D. so its addition to Ayurvedic literature is a recent one and its references in Ayurvedic literature is not in abundance. According to Ayurvedic literature, Suranjana is Tikta (bitter) and Katu (pungent) in Rasa (taste); Laghu (light) and Ruksha (dry) in Guna (properties); Ushna (hot) in Virya (potency); and Katu in Vipak (metabolism). Because of its properties it is pacifies Vata Kapha dosh and hence is a very good anti inflammatory agent. Modern researches on colchicines prove it as an antioxidant, anti inflammatory, antifungal and antibacterial drug. Some research also projects its anti cancer activities. This paper is an attempt to bring this effective drug to lime light by describing palliative, therapeutic and other uses of Colchicum luteum Baker.

Effect of linear variation in density and circular variation in Poisson’s ratio on time period of vibration of rectangular plate

In this paper, a theoretical analysis is carried out to investigate the effect of linear variation in density and circular variation in Poisson’s ratio on time period of frequency modes of rectangular plate with variable thickness under temperature field. The thickness variation is considered to be circular and temperature variation on the plate is assumed to be bi-linear. Rayleigh Ritz method is used to solve the differential equation. All the results (time period for first two modes of vibration) are presented with the help of tables

Natural vibration of tapered rectangular plate with exponential variation in non homogeneity

In this paper, authors studied the natural vibration of tapered non homogeneous rectangular plate on clamped edges. For tapering in plate, authors considered circular variation in thickness and for non-homogeneity (in plate’s material) Poisson’s ratio varies exponentially. Bilinear temperature (linear along both the axes) variation on the plate is being viewed. Rayleigh Ritz method is used to solve differential equation of motion. All the results are presented with the help of tables and graphs. A comparison of results is also given to support the present study

Identifying the risk factors of antepartum haemorrhage and to evaluate the feto maternal outcome in antepartum haemorrhage cases

Background: Antepartum haemorrhage is an obstetric emergency contributing to a significant percentage of perinatal and maternal morbidity and mortality. Approximately 30% of maternal deaths are caused by ante-partum haemorrhage. In spite of a lot of improvement in antenatal care and intrapartum surveillance, antepar-tum haemorrhage has not reduced. Present study was conducted to assess the causes of APH and to compare the fetomaternal outcome among placenta previa and abruptio placenta group.Methods: The study was conducted in BRD medical college Gorakhpur, over a period of 1 year (October 2019 to September 2020) in which 100 cases of APH were taken and classified into placenta previa and abruptio placenta group and their fetomaternal outcome were compared.Results: In our study, out of 100 cases of APH 69% cases were of placenta previa followed by abruptio placen-ta in 29% cases and rest 2% cases were unclassified APH. Multigravida is the major risk factor in both placenta previa and abruptio placenta group. Second major risk factor in placenta previa group was h/o LSCS and in abruptio placenta group was HDP. Stillbirth was significantly seen in abruptio placenta group whereas Low birth weight babies (1.5-2.5 kg) were more in placenta previa group. Though the maternal outcome is poor in placenta previa group but the fetal outcome is worse in abruptio placenta group.Conclusions: APH neither can be reliably predicted nor can be prevented but only a comprehensive focused experienced team work can reduce maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality

Assessment of the effect of injection magnesium sulphate on fetal heart rate pattern in patients of eclampsia and preeclampsia

Background: To assess the effect of injection magnesium sulphate on fetal heart rate pattern in severe preeclampsia and eclampsia.Methods: This is a hospital-based prospective observational study. It was conducted in the Dept. of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, BRD Medical College, Gorakhpur over period of one year from August 2014 to July 2015.Total 122 patients with diagnosis of severe preeclampsia and eclampsia who received injection MgSO4 were included in the study. Patients who delivered within 1 to 2 hrs of injection MgSO4, had pulmonary edema, respiratory depression, renal insufficiency, patients with recurrent convulsions not controlled by MgSO4 alone, fetus who had abnormal fetal heart rate pattern prior to administration of injection MgSO4, IUD baby, baby of gestetional age <28 weeks were excluded from the study. Fetal heart rate pattern tracings were taken by CTG machine before administration of injection magnesium sulphate. Injection magnesium sulphate was given according to Pritchard Regime. Fetal heart rate pattern after injection MgSO4 were compared with fetal heart rate pattern before injection magnesium sulphate regarding all four parameters fetal heart rate, variability, accelerations and deceleration.Results: Before injection magnesium sulphate mean fetal heart rate was 148.7 bpm+10.78. After 15 minutes mean fetal heart rate was 147.8 bpm+10.32.After 1hour, 2 hour and 4 hour of injection magnesium sulphate mean fetal heart rate was139.1 bpm+9.6,139.2 bpm+9.8 and 137 bpm+9.4 respectively which was statistically significant (p value <0.001). Only patients with good variability were included in the study. After 1 hour of injection magnesium sulphate 16.4%, after 2 hour 23% and after 4 hour 31.1 % developed poor variability i.e. <5. Before injection magnesium sulphate only 4% had no acceleration, after 15 minutes, 1 hour, 2 hour and 4 hour of injection magnesium sulphate 4.9%, 29.5%, 49% and 55% patients had no acceleration respectively. Before injection magnesium sulphate no patient had late deceleration. After 15 min only 2 patients had variable prolonged deceleration. After 1 hour, 2 hour and 4 hour 0%, 4.1% and 6.6% had late deceleration respectively.Conclusions: Maternal exposure to magnesium sulphate in severe preeclampsia and eclampsia is associated with persistent fall in baseline fetal heart rate by approximately 9-11 bpm which appeared at 1 hr of injection MgSO4 but it is within the accepted normal range (110 bpm - 160bpm). Statistically significant patients developed decreased beat to beat variability <5 after 1 hr of injection MgSO4. Statistically significant patients developed absent acceleration. Few patients developed late decelerations but it was not significant

Effect of cardiac surgery on maternal and perinatal outcome in rheumatic heart disease with pregnancy: a comparative study

Background: Rheumatic heart disease remains the commonest heart disease in India with mitral stenosis being the most common lesion and is associated with significant maternal and perinatal mortality and morbidity. The objective of this study was to compare maternal and perinatal outcome in women with rheumatic heart valvular disease who had no surgery or had percutaneous balloon mitral valvuloplasty (PBMV) or had valvular replacement surgery.Methods: It was a retrospective study in 113 women with rheumatic heart disease with various valvular lesion admitted in the hospital in previous 10 years. There were 58 (51.35%) patients without cardiac surgery (Group 1), 24 (21.23%) with PTMC (Group 2) and 31 (27.43%) with valve replacement surgery (Group 3). Maternal and perinatal outcome were compared in three groups.Results: The baseline characteristics were similar in the three group. In cardiac complications New York Heart Association (NYHA) deterioration was significantly higher (24.1%) in non-operated group (Group 1) as compared to Group 2 (12.3%) and Group 3 (16.1%). There was no difference in Group 2 and Group 3. Need of cardiac medication (digoxin) was also highest (67.2%) in Group 1 as compared to Group 2 (24.6%) (p = 0.002) and Group 3 (38.7%) (p = 0.001) but no difference in Group 2 and Group 3. Anticoagulant were given to significantly higher number (54.8% of cases in Group 3 (valve replacement) as compared to Group 1 (3.4%) and Group 2 (12.5%). There was no significant difference in obstetric events and mode of delivery in the three groups. Similarly, there was no difference in fetal outcome in the three groups as regard to mean birth weight, APGAR score, fetal growth restriction, fetal or neonatal death or congenital anomalies in the three groups.Conclusions: Cardiac surgery before or during pregnancy did not significantly improve maternal or perinatal outcome. Only cardiac events and need of medication was reduced with surgery. Hence surgery should be performed judiciously in selected cases

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