Post-placental postpartum intrauterine contraceptive devices insertion: our scenario

Background: India is the second most populous country in the world with a population estimate of 1,304,162,999 on 1st January 2016. Population explosion is a great menace for the country and effective population control is the need of the hour. This study was designed to evaluate postpartum intrauterine contraceptive devices (PPIUCD), which is a novel innovation in population control.Methods: This was a prospective study with a sample size of 300 women (150 cesarean and 150 vaginal deliveries). After informed consent and assessing eligibility for PPIUCD, Cu-T 380A was inserted. Post-insertion, the cases were followed up to 12 weeks after delivery with special attention to acceptance and complications like IUCD expulsion, hemorrhage, pelvic pain and infection. The results were compiled and statistically analyzed.Results: Acceptance of PPIUCD was higher in Cesarean deliveries than in vaginal deliveries. Acceptance was also higher in unplanned pregnancies. Presence of prior male child influenced decisions. Minor complications were reported but there were no serious complications. No expulsions were reported in post-cesarean cases.Conclusions: PPIUCD, a long-acting reversible method of contraception, is a safe option with high retention rate and very few expulsions and side effects. There was higher rate of acceptance, no expulsion and high continuation rate in post-cesarean cases as compared to vaginally delivered cases

VARIED PRESENTATION OF PLASMACYTOSIS SEEN IN BONE MARROW AT A TERTIARY CARE SET-UP

Bone marrow plasmacytosis can have many causes ranging from non neoplastic to neoplastic conditions. The clinical presentations and the percentage of plasma cells may vary from one disease to the other. In the given case series, we have compiled the similar cases received at our tertiary care center and found interesting clinical presentations. Through this case series, we emphasise upon the utility of bone marrow aspiration in patients of Pyrexia of unknown origin to refractory anemias and/or lymphadenopathy

Pleomorphic Lobular Carcinoma in a Male Breast: A Rare Occurrence

Carcinoma of male breast is uncommon as it accounts for 0.7% of total breast cancer. The pathology of male breast cancer is remarkably similar to that of cancers seen in women. The same histological subtypes of invasive cancer are present, although papillary carcinomas (both invasive and in situ) are more common and lobular carcinomas are less common. The predominant histological type, in males, as in females, reported in large series has been infiltrating ductal carcinoma with scattered reports of infiltrating lobular carcinoma, all of them of classical type except for a single case of pleomorphic infiltrating lobular carcinoma. Herein, we describe a case of pleomorphic lobular carcinoma occurring in male breast

COMPARISON OF ANALGESIC EFFICACY OF ANTIEPILEPTIC GABAPENTIN WITH CONVENTIONAL ANALGESIC DICLOFENAC IN RAT EXPERIMENTAL MODELS

Some  Antiepileptic  drugs  have  been  shown  to  be  clinically  efficacious   in  treatment  of neuropathic  pain  and  are  being  used  by  clinician.  This  study  determined  the  analgesic  effect  of gabapentin  (A  novel  Anticonvulsant)  in  rats  in  different  types  of  acute  and  chronic  nociceptive test  like  Tail flick  and Formalin test   &  compared  its  potency  with  a conventional  non  opioid  analgesic  diclofenac.  Per oral administration of  gabapentin  produced  no  any  marked  effect  on  early phase  response  of  formalin  test  but  significantly  suppressed  the  late  phase  response.  In   tail  flick  test  gabapentin  produced  no  any  significant  analgesic  effect  while  diclofenac  produced   significant  reduction  of  pain  in tail  flick  test  as  well  as  in  both  phases  of  formalin  test.  Thus  we  have  observed  that  gabapentin   produced  antinociception  in  chronic  pain  as  second  phase  of  formalin  test  reflects  chronic  inflammatory  pain  while  diclofenac  produced  both  acute  and  chronic  type  of  antinociceptive  effect  as  it  significantly  suppressed  the  pain  in  both  tail  flick  and  formalin  test. Key Words: Gabapentin , diclofenac, nociception, formalin test, tailflick tes

Post-placental postpartum intrauterine contraceptive devices insertion: our scenario

Background: India is the second most populous country in the world with a population estimate of 1,304,162,999 on 1st January 2016. Population explosion is a great menace for the country and effective population control is the need of the hour. This study was designed to evaluate postpartum intrauterine contraceptive devices (PPIUCD), which is a novel innovation in population control.Methods: This was a prospective study with a sample size of 300 women (150 cesarean and 150 vaginal deliveries). After informed consent and assessing eligibility for PPIUCD, Cu-T 380A was inserted. Post-insertion, the cases were followed up to 12 weeks after delivery with special attention to acceptance and complications like IUCD expulsion, hemorrhage, pelvic pain and infection. The results were compiled and statistically analyzed.Results: Acceptance of PPIUCD was higher in Cesarean deliveries than in vaginal deliveries. Acceptance was also higher in unplanned pregnancies. Presence of prior male child influenced decisions. Minor complications were reported but there were no serious complications. No expulsions were reported in post-cesarean cases.Conclusions: PPIUCD, a long-acting reversible method of contraception, is a safe option with high retention rate and very few expulsions and side effects. There was higher rate of acceptance, no expulsion and high continuation rate in post-cesarean cases as compared to vaginally delivered cases

Genetic Control of Avian Migration: Insights from Studies in Latitudinal Passerine Migrants

Twice-a-year, large-scale movement of billions of birds across latitudinal gradients is one of the most fascinating behavioral phenomena seen among animals. These seasonal voyages in autumn southwards and in spring northwards occur within a discrete time window and, as part of an overall annual itinerary, involve close interaction of the endogenous rhythm at several levels with prevailing photoperiod and temperature. The overall success of seasonal migrations thus depends on their close coupling with the other annual sub-cycles, namely those of the breeding, post-breeding recovery, molt and non-migratory periods. There are striking alterations in the daily behavior and physiology with the onset and end of the migratory period, as shown by the phase inversions in behavioral (a diurnal passerine bird becomes nocturnal and flies at night) and neural activities. Interestingly, there are also differences in the behavior, physiology and regulatory strategies between autumn and spring (vernal) migrations. Concurrent molecular changes occur in regulatory (brain) and metabolic (liver, flight muscle) tissues, as shown in the expression of genes particularly associated with 24 h timekeeping, fat accumulation and the overall metabolism. Here, we present insights into the genetic basis of migratory behavior based on studies using both candidate and global gene expression approaches in passerine migrants, with special reference to Palearctic-Indian migratory blackheaded and redheaded buntings