Design of HPCF with nearly zero flattened Chromatic Dispersion

Here we have consider an air-silica honeycomb lattice and demonstrate a new approach to the formation of a core defect. The honeycomb lattice has recently been suggested for the formation of a photonic band-gap guiding silica-core. Here we discuss how a core defect can be formed by manipulating the cladding region rather than the core region itself. There are so many difficulties occur during the design process. Because when parameters are being changed the designing varies accordingly. For this purpose we have use HPCF in scalar effective index method (SEIM) and consider chromatic dispersion of HPCF for having air hole diameter 1.0 micro.m, and pitch 2.0 micro.m. The maximum pitch can be consider as 5.0 micro.m and air hole diameter is 9.0 micro.m. Transparent boundary condition (TBC) is proposed here for the calculation of Refractive index of HPCF

New Classes of Generalized Seminormed Difference Sequence Spaces

The purpose of this paper is to introduce new classes of generalized seminormed difference sequence spaces defined by a Musielak-Orlicz function. We also study some topological properties and prove some inclusion relations between resulting sequence spaces

Effect of maternal education on antenatal care utilization, maternal and perinatal outcome in a tertiary care hospital

Background: Antenatal Care (ANC) utilization facility is available but poorly utilized because of many factors which play indirect role in inadequate utilization of antenatal care facility: low social status of women in the society, less opportunity for basic education, less ability to make decisions. Therefore, the present study is an attempt to study the effect of maternal education on antenatal care utilization, maternal and perinatal outcome in a tertiary care hospital.Methods: A prospective study was carried out on 525 cases delivered during period of one year at Dayanand Medical College and Hospital, Ludhiana, Punjab, India; a tertiary care hospital catering both urban and rural population. All cases were categorized into two groups: booked and unbooked. The age, parity and education of each patient in booked and unbooked cases was noted. Further, its impact on antenatal care utilization, maternal and perinatal outcome was studied.Results: On studying education pattern, among illiterate subjects 50% were booked and 50% were unbooked; For graduate and above were 80.6% and 19.4%respectively. Among mothers who were illiterate 90.9% had low birth weight babies and 13.6% had stillborn. Among those graduates and above 38.7% had low birth weight babies,1.5 % stillborn and 1.2% neonatal deaths.Conclusions: The educational status of the women came out as a significantly important variable and predictor of perinatal outcome. Hence, whole hearted efforts should be directed in educating women population and also improving health care facilities in rural areas to provide early referral to higher centers

Clinical dimensions of hypokinetic non-dilated cardiomyopathy in terms of severity and hospital outcome

Background: Hypokinetic non-dilated cardiomyopathy [HNDC/DCM (ND-H)] is a recently proposed (by ESC, 2016) subtype of dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM), which is characterized by the absence of left ventricular (LV) dilatation despite of global LV systolic dysfunction. Knowledge regarding clinical severity and outcomes of patients with DCM (ND-H) is very limited. Objective of the study was to evaluate clinical severity and hospital outcome of patients with HNDC [DCM (ND-H)].Methods: Total 1248 admitted patients with primary DCM were finalized as study participants considering inclusion and exclusion criteria. The study participants were categorized into two groups depending on presence or absence of LV dilatation. 411 (32.9%) patients without any LV dilatation included in group A [HNDC/DCM (ND-H) group] and 837 (67.1%) patients with LV dilatation included in group B [DCM (D-H) group]. Data with respect to clinical, electrocardiographic, echocardiographic findings and disease outcome of patients compared statistically between the two groups.Conclusions: HNDC [DCM (ND-H)] is a subclinical subtype, which represents 1/3rd population of DCM. Apart from absence of cardiomegaly, typical clinical signs, electrocardiographic abnormalities, from which we can suspect heart disease, were less prevalent in patients with DCM (ND-H). Therefore, patient most often miss the diagnosis till the advance stage. Non cardiac co-morbidities along with late diagnosis can be important contributing factors for adverse clinical outcomes in patients with DCM (ND-H) comparable to the DCM (D-H) counterpart

Ideal Convergent Sequence Spaces with Respect to Invariant Mean and a Musielak-Orlicz Function Over n-Normed Spaces

In the present paper we defined I-convergent sequence spaces with respect to invariant mean and a Musielak-Orlicz function M = (M_k) over n-normed spaces. We also make an effort to study some topological properties and prove some inclusion relation between these spaces

Determination of the presence of metabolic syndrome in patients of erectile dysfunction and assess correlation of its components with erectile dysfunction in a tertiary care hospital in central India

Background: Erectile dysfunction (ED) is a common medical condition that affects approximately 100 million men worldwide and is currently recognized as a major public health problem. Metabolic syndrome (Met S) is a complex entity consisting of multiple interrelated factors including insulin resistance, central adiposity, dyslipidaemia, endothelial dysfunction and atherosclerotic disease, low-grade inflammation, and in males, low testosterone levels. we aimed to investigate the relationship between metabolic syndrome and ED presence and severity.Methods: Patient who came to urology OPD with c/o of ED and were evaluated for it with physical examination, questionnaire, investigations>after confirmation of ED were evaluated for presence of metabolic syndrome and its individual componentsResults: Out of these 202 patients, 98 patients were found to have metabolic syndrome. The mean age of participating patients in this study was 47.2±5.6 years. Metabolic syndrome was diagnosed in 98 (34.78%) of 202 patients. Statistically significant association was found between ED and metabolic syndrome, waist circumference and fasting blood glucose (p<0.001 with each parameter). We also found a significant correlation between hypertension and ED but no significant correlation with triglyceride levels or HDL levels.Conclusions: ED is strongly associated with metabolic syndrome and the efforts for treatment of erectile dysfunction must be made in the context of metabolic syndrome and its constituents with a low threshold to diagnose the cardiovascular disease

Effect of sewage-water irrigation on physico-chemical parameters with special reference to heavy metals in agricultural soil of Haridwar city

The present study revealed that use of sewage for irrigation of agricultural soil of Haridwar city improved the water holding capacity (+27.98%), electrical conductivity (+196.15%), sulphate (+2.34%), organic carbon (+30.48%), total Kjeldhal nitrogen (+87.5%), available potassium (+25.77%) and available phosphorous (+59.97%) and fertility status of the soil in comparison to natural water irrigated soil. Further sewage irrigation also resulted in a significant build-up of total Pb (+98.95%), Ni (+128.29%), Cu (+253.17%), Fe (+39.74%), Cd (+30.92%), Zn (+696.03%) and Cr (+13.15%) than the natural water irrigated soil. The mean concentrations of these metals were below the permissible limits of Indian standards. The enrichment factor (Ef) for Cu (9.62) was maximum and minimum for Cr (1.13).The Ef for different metals was in the order of Cu&gt; Zn &gt; Ni &gt; Pb &gt; Cd &gt; Cr &gt; Fe. Pollution index (Pi) value of the sewage water irrigated soil ranged from 0.505 to 0.901 which indicated that the soil was not yet polluted

Scrub typhus: as it stands today

Scrub typhus is one of the three most common causes of prolonged fever in Southeast Asia and Pacific affecting almost 1 million people annually worldwide out of 1 billion exposed. Scrub typhus is a rickettsial infection caused by Orientia Tsutsugamushi transmitted through bite of Chiggers (larval stage of trombiculid mite). It is an acute febrile illness which generally causes non-specific symptoms and signs. The clinical manifestations of this disease range from sub-clinical disease to organ failure and death. Deaths are attributable to late presentation, delayed diagnosis, and drug resistance. Scrub typhus, though endemic in India; yet is under reported. It should be considered as an important differential diagnosis in a febrile patient with thrombocytopenia, deranged liver or renal functions, and B/L chest opacities. Relapse is not uncommon. Presumptive treatment with Doxycycline can be a suitable option in febrile patients from Typhus pockets. Alert physician should keep an eye on deviation from usual presentation to changing spectrum of the disease. Early diagnosis and appropriate treatment is rewarding and prevents morbidity and mortality