Volumetric, acoustical and computational study on molecular interactions in binary mixtures of Ricinoleic acid with some halobenzenes

1194-1205Densities (ρ) and speed of sound (u) of binary liquid mixtures of Ricinoleic acid with some halobenzenes at 303.15, 308.15 and 313.15 K and atmospheric pressure have been reported over the entire composition range. From the experimentally measured density (ρ), excess molar volumes (V), have been calculated. Deviation of the speeds of sound (u), isentropic compressibility (ks), deviation in isentropic compressibility (ks), deviation in acoustic impedance (z) and intermolecular free length (Lf) have been calculated using experimentally measured speed of sound,(u). Various theoretical speeds of sound and average deviations have been calculated using well established equations like Nomoto (Unmt) Ideal Mixing Rule (Uimr), Junji (Ujunji) and Jacobson’s Free Length Theory, (Uflt). To derive fitting coefficients, (Ai) with standard deviation, (σ), excess properties have been fitted with the Redlich-Kister type polynomial equation. The variation of these properties with composition and temperature has been discussed in terms of molecular interaction on mixing and their interacting abilities. Observations reveal that there have been strong interactions between components. Strength of interactions between components has been described with theoretical computational calculations

Effects of roasting on barley β-glucan, thermal, textural and pasting properties

6 pages, 3 figures, 3 tables.-- Available online 14 October 2010.Different hulled barley cultivars were subjected to roasting in hot sand (280 °C) and the effects on β-glucan extractability, physico-chemical, thermal and pasting properties were studied. The grain puffed upon roasting and grain hardness and colour difference ΔE were significantly lowered. The roasted barley flour had significantly higher water absorption and water solubility index. The cultivars DWR-28, RD-2503 and PL-172 had the highest total β-glucan content (up to 5.47%). Roasting brought about a decrease in the soluble β-glucan content in all the cultivars and this decrease ranged from 4.9 to 25.3%. The β-glucan extractability was not affected by the roasting process but roasting lowered the ratio of soluble to insoluble β-glucan content by 8.1–41.9%. Roasting significantly affected the pasting and thermal properties of the flours, together with an increase in the cooked starch content that ranged from 28.8 to 43.1%.Peer reviewe

On the Revolving Ferrofluid Flow Due to Rotating Disk

Abstract:This paper deals with the theoretical investigation of the effect of rotation on ferrofluid flow due to rotating disk by solving boundary layer equations. Here, we have solved the coupled nonlinear differential equations by power series approximations. Expressions for the components of velocity and pressure profile are obtained in cylindrical co-ordinate system by considering the z-axis as the axis of rotation. It is observed that there is significant increment in the thickness of the boundary layer over rotating disk in comparison to the ordinary case of viscous fluid flow without rotation. The results for all above variables are obtained numerically and discussed graphically

Thermophysical, acoustical, spectral and DFT study of intermolecular interactions of terpinolene with cresols

797-815Densities and speed of sound have been measured experimentally for binary mixtures of terpinolene with cresols (o-cresol, m-cresol, p-cresol) at three different temperatures 303.15, 308.15 and 313.15 K at atmospheric pressure. From primary physical properties, some secondary properties like molar volume (Vm), excess molar volume V, partial molar volume (,i) excess partial molar volume (,), apparent molar volume (Vm,φ,i), deviation in speed of sound (u), isentropic compressibility (s), deviation in isentropic compressibility (s), acoustical impedance (z), deviation in acoustical impedances (z), intermolecular free length (Lf), partial molar isentropic compression (,m,i), excess partial molar isentropic compression (,i) and apparent molar isentropic compression (Ks,m,φ,i) have been calculated. Infinite dilution apparent molar volume (V,φ,1), infinite dilution apparent molar isentropic compression(Ks,m,φ,1), empirical parameters Sv, Bv and Sk, Bk of the Redlich-Rosenberg-Mayer equation with the limiting apparent molar expansibility (E) have been also calculated along with some theoretical speed of sound calculating relations such as Nomoto relation (unmt), Ideal mixture relation (uimr, Junji relation (ujunji) and Free length theory relation (uflt) with their standard deviation (σ). All the calculated values of excess/deviation properties have been fitted with the fourth order Redlich-Kister polynomial equation and their standard deviation (σ) values are also calculated. FTIR spectral analysis of binary mixtures at 4:1, 1:1 and 1:4 composition ratios have been carried out at 298.15 K. Computational calculations such as optimization of pure and binary mixtures in gas phase, bond length, Mulliken charges, theoretical vibrational frequencies and NBO calculations on basis of the DFT (Density Functional Theory) have been also carried out. The results are discussed in term of presence of intermolecular interactions, types, strength and behavior with change of temperatures and cresol components in binary mixtures

Search Me Knot, Render Me Knot: Embedding Search and Differentiable Rendering of Knots in 3D

We introduce the problem of knot-based inverse perceptual art. Given multiple target images and their corresponding viewing configurations, the objective is to find a 3D knot-based tubular structure whose appearance resembles the target images when viewed from the specified viewing configurations. To solve this problem, we first design a differentiable rendering algorithm for rendering tubular knots embedded in 3D for arbitrary perspective camera configurations. Utilizing this differentiable rendering algorithm, we search over the space of knot configurations to find the ideal knot embedding. We represent the knot embeddings via homeomorphisms of the desired template knot, where the homeomorphisms are parametrized by the weights of an invertible neural network. Our approach is fully differentiable, making it possible to find the ideal 3D tubular structure for the desired perceptual art using gradient-based optimization. We propose several loss functions that impose additional physical constraints, ensuring that the tube is free of self-intersection, lies within a predefined region in space, satisfies the physical bending limits of the tube material and the material cost is within a specified budget. We demonstrate through results that our knot representation is highly expressive and gives impressive results even for challenging target images in both single view as well as multiple view constraints. Through extensive ablation study we show that each of the proposed loss function is effective in ensuring physical realizability. To the best of our knowledge, we are the first to propose a fully differentiable optimization framework for knot-based inverse perceptual art. Both the code and data will be made publicly available.Comment: Work in progres

Thermophysical, Acoustical, Spectral and DFT Study of Intermolecular Interactions of Terpinolene with Cresols.

Abstract Densities and speed of sound were measured experimentally for binary mixtures of terpinolene with cresols (o-cresol, m-cresol, p-cresol) at three different temperatures 303.15, 308.15 and 313.15K at atmospheric pressure. From primary physical properties, some secondary properties like molar volume , excess molar volume , partial molar volume , excess partial molar volume , apparent molar volume , deviation in speed of sound , isentropic compressibility , deviation in isentropic compressibility , acoustical impedance , deviation in acoustical impedances , intermolecular free length , partial molar isentropic compression , excess partial molar isentropic compression  and apparent molar isentropic compression  were calculated. Infinite dilution apparent molar volume , infinite dilution apparent molar isentropic compression , empirical parameters ,  and ,  of the Redlich-Rosenberg-Mayer equation with the limiting apparent molar expansibility  were also calculated. Some theoretical speed of sound calculating relations such as Nomoto relation , Ideal mixture relation , Junji relation  and Free length theory relation  were also calculated with their standard deviation . All the calculated values of excess/deviation properties were fitted with the fourth order Redlich-Kister polynomial equation and their standard deviation  values were also calculated. FT-IR spectral analysis of binary mixtures at 4:1, 1:1 and 1:4 composition ratios were carried out at 298.15K. Computational calculations such as optimization of pure and binary mixtures in gas phase, bond length, Mulliken charges, theoretical vibrational frequencies and NBO calculations on basis of the DFT (Density Function Theory) were also carried out. The results were discussed in term of presence of intermolecular interactions, types, strength and behavior with change of temperatures and cresol components in binary mixtures

Hepatitis C sero-prevalence and risks of transmission in end-stage renal failure patients undergoing hemodialysis

Introductions: Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is common in the patients undergoing hemodialysis (HD). The quality of life and survival of patients with hepatitis C infected end-stage renal disease is less than that of the noninfected ones. This study aims to determine the prevalence of HCV in patients undergoing HD and the risk of transmission. Methods: This was a retrospective study of charts of the chronic kidney disease patients who underwent dialysis at Patan Hospital from March 2011 to July 2017. Those patients who were positive for HIV, HBsAg and HCV before the initiation of dialysis were excluded. Pearson Chi square test and Fisher’s Exact test were used to determine the significance of the results. Results: Out of 173 patients, 12 (6.9%) seroconverted to HCV: five (41.66%) in firstyear, four (33.33%) in secondyear, and three (25%) in thirdyear (Fisher’s Exact test p=0.26). Out of 173 patients, 137 (79.2%) received blood transfusion, 27 (15.6%) received erythropoiesis stimulating agent (ESA), 9 (5.2%) received both blood transfusion and ESA. The HCV seropositivity were 9 (75%), 2 (16.66%), and 1 (8.33%) respectively in them, Fisher’s Exact test p value was 0.65. There was no significant association between the seroconversions in in-center versus multicenter HD and the number of dialyses per week. Conclusions: Hepatitis C infection was common (6.9%) in HD patients. There was no significant association of transmission in regards to duration of HD, transfusion or single vs multicentre HD. Keywords: end-stage renal disease, hemodialysis, hepatitis C viru

Volumetric, Acoustical and Computational Study on Molecular Interactions in Binary Mixtures of Ricinoleic Acid with Some Halobenzenes

Densities (ρ) and speed of sound (u) of binary liquid mixtures of Ricinoleic acid with some halobenzenes at 303.15, 308.15 and 313.15 K and atmospheric pressure are reported over the entire composition range. From the experimentally measured density, ; excess molar volumes, , are calculated. Deviation of the speeds of sound , isentropic compressibility , deviation in isentropic compressibility, , deviation in acoustic impedance, , and intermolecular free length  have been calculated using experimentally measured speed of sound, . Various theoretical speeds of sound and average deviations were calculated using well established equations like Nomoto,  Ideal Mixing Rule,  Junji, and Jacobson’s Free Length Theory, . To derive fitting coefficients,  with standard deviation, , excess properties were fitted with the Redlich-Kister type polynomial equation. The variation of these properties with composition and temperature was discussed in terms of molecular interaction on mixing and their interacting abilities. Observations reveal that there are strong interactions between components. Strength of interactions between components is described with theoretical computational calculations

Effect of gender preference on fertility: cross-sectional study among women of Tharu community from rural area of eastern region of Nepal

BACKGROUND: Son preference is predominant in developing countries especially South Asian countries and its effect is most visible when the fertility is on transition. Nepal is a country in South Asia where the fertility has declined and son is valued highly. This study examines the parent’s gender preference for children and its effect on fertility and reproductive behaviors. METHODS: Study was conducted in Sonapur village development committee of Sunsari district among women of Tharu community of reproductive age (15–49) currently in union and having at least one child. Data was collected by house to house survey. Data was analyzed with IBM SPSS 20 version. Multinomial and binary logistic regression were used to analyze the relationship among variables. RESULTS: Three hundred women of reproductive age were included in the study. Current average age of the respondents was 31.97 years and mean age at marriage was 18.87 (SD +/-2.615). Child Sex ratio (male: female) of the respondents who didn’t want any more children was 1.41. The birth spacing following male baby was 3.09 years whereas the average birth spacing following female baby was 2.71 years. Age of the respondents and education status of the respondents were also significantly associated with contraceptive practice. Presence of only female children in family significantly increased the desire of other children (AOR = 10.153, 95% CI = 2.357-43.732). CONCLUSION: This study finds that the gender preference affects the fertility and reproductive behavior of the respondents and it is necessary to reduce son preference for the health and well being of children and women