Systematic Check of Blowfish Neutron Detector for GDH Experiment: With an Emphasis on Gain Calibration

The University of Saskatchewan subatomic physics group, along with collaborators from the University of Virginia, Duke University and others, are preparing to measure the low-energy regime of the Gerasimov-Drell-Hearn (GDH) sum rule for the deuteron. This sum rule connects an energy weighted integral of spin-polarized photo-absorption cross sections with the anomalous magnetic moment of the target. It is based on the gauge and Lorentz invariance, and the general principles of causality and unitarity. The measurements made for the GDH sum rule will use the Blowfish neutron detector to detect the neutrons following the deuteron photodisintegration. The GDH sum depends on the difference between absolute cross sections. It is therefore critical to the success of the measurement that systematic uncertainties, in the determination of the absolute cross sections, are understood. This MSc thesis will include a thorough investigation of the systematic uncertainties in the measurement. This will include: verification of the gain monitoring system for the Blowfish neutron detector cells; verification of the photon flux monitor; and the calibration of that system

Risk Factors Linked to Development of Cardiomyopathy in Adults with Beta- Thalassemia Major in a Tertiary Care Hospital

Beta-thalassemia major is a genetic disorder adversely affecting the life of the patient and the whole family. Repeated blood transfusions are required to maintain the hemoglobin level, which create a state of iron overload in the body leading to ectopic iron deposition in the heart, liver, pancreas and other organs. Thalassemia cardiomyopathy is the most dreaded complication of this resultant iron overload. The present study was a cross-sectional study involving 77 patients with thalassemia major, whose age, body mass index (BMI), blood pressure (BP), hemoglobin, serum ferritin levels were correlated with their twodimensional echocardiographic findings. Out of the total 77 patients, 63 had diastolic dysfunction, 6 had systolic dysfunction and remaining 8 had normal left ventricular function. The mean age of the patients was 22.42 years and their mean BMI was 16.82. Patients with systolic dysfunction had lower hemoglobin and higher serum ferritin levels as compared to other patients. The study concluded that cardiac dysfunction is seen more in younger age, higher BMI, lower BP, low hemoglobin levels and raised serum ferritin levels. Thus, early intensive iron chelation therapy should be provided to all the patients to curb this dreaded complication

Comparative study on maternal morbidity in elective and emergency caeserean section at tertiary hospital

Background: The incidence of caesarean sections has significantly increased over the previous thirty years and nearly doubled in the current decade, because of more liberalisation of indications of caesarean sections. India’s caesarean section rates have surpassed the WHO cutoff point of 15%, raising serious public health issues. The prevalence of the C-section in India was 8.5% in NFHS-3 while data in NFHS-4 show that it has increased to 17.2%. Thus, almost 9% has increased over 10 years. Objective was to compare the maternal morbidity in elective and emergency caesarean section. Methods: Institution based comparative study was conducted among 108 females undergoing lower segment caesarean section at JNUIMSRC, Jaipur. After taking written informed consent patients were enrolled for the study. Once the data was collected it was analysed as per appropriate statistical analysis. Results: Incidence of emergency LSCS was 23.6% and of elective LSCS was 76.4%. the most common maternal indication was previous LSCS (38.1%) and most common fetal indication was fetal distress (13.3%) followed by malpresentation (11.4%). Incidence of intraoperative complications was 29% with most common complications being atonic PPH (12.4%) followed by traumatic PPH (5.9%), bladder and bowel injury (0.7%). Incidence of post operative complications was 51.9% with most common being anaemia (20.8%), PPH (10%), puerperal sepsis (8%). Conclusions: If performed for medical reasons, CS can save the lives of both mothers and babies. Therefore, CSs should preferably only be performed when necessary for medical reasons. Morbidity is more with emergency LSCS than elective LSCS with PPH being the most common intraoperative complication and anemia being most common post operative complication

KAP study on emergency contraception among women of reproductive age group attending JNUIMSRC OPD, Jaipur, India

Background: Unintended pregnancy, unplanned birth and unsafe abortion have been a major challenge to the reproductive health of women worldwide. Despite the availability of highly efficient contraceptive technologies, there are still many undesired pregnancies that put women at a higher risk of mortality, frequently as a result of unsafe abortion. Emergency contraceptive pills can be used to prevent these unwanted pregnancies. Aim of this study was to assess the knowledge, attitude and practice of use of emergency contraception among women of reproductive age group attending JNUIMSRC OPD, Jaipur, India. Methods: Institution based cross-sectional study was conducted among 100 females of reproductive age group attending JNUIMSRC OPD, Jaipur, India. Data was collected using pretested semi-structured questionnaire after written informed consent. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used to analyse the data generated. Results: Among respondents who were aware of ECPs, 64% had good knowledge of it, 90% had positive attitude towards ECPs and 63% have used earlier. A significant association was found between age, residence, educational level and occupational status with awareness of ECPs. Conclusions: Awareness and utilization of emergency contraceptive pills is low among females of reproductive age group attending OPD at JNUIMSRC. Thus awareness should be enhanced through formal education, communication from healthcare professionals and media that can offer trustworthy and accurate information on ECPs

Bacterial vaginosis: impact of treatment and associated risk factors: a cross section study

Background: Bacterial vaginosis (BV) is a condition caused by an overgrowth of normal vaginal flora. Many socio-demographic factors are associated with bacterial vaginosis. Antibiotic resistance to some organism is a challenge in treatment of bacterial vaginosis. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted including 100 women with reproductive age group presenting with complain of vaginal discharge. After clinical examination, vaginal swab was collected of patients who gave consent for same. Socio-demographic characteristics were recorded and risk factors were assessed. The slide smears were prepared from vaginal swabs, and the slides were heat-fixed, gram-stained and examined under oil immersion objective. Each slide was then graded as per the standardized quantitative morphological classification method developed by Nugent. Identification of bacteria to genus and/or species level was done by employing an array of routine biochemical tests for Gram-positive bacteria for Gram-negative bacteria. In vitro antibacterial susceptibility testing of bacterial isolates was performed by the Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method. Sensitivity test results were interpreted according to the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute. Results: High incidence of bacterial vaginosis was found among 35 to 45 years age group (63.8%), married females (63.9%), illiterate (100%), females with more than 3 sexual partners (66.7%), those with any co-morbidity (80%) and females not using any method of contraception (100%). E coli (28%) was predominant organism causing bacterial vaginosis followed by Gardenella vaginalis (20%) among the gram-negative bacteria. Among gram positive bacterial S. pyogen (2%) and S. agalactiae (2%) were present. Drug resistance to trimethoprim/sulfamethxazole, erythromycin, cefoxitin, ceftriaxone and gentamycin was detected. Conclusions: Higher age, illiteracy, multiple sexual partners and absence of contraception use can increase risk of bacterial vaginosis. Gram negative organisms are common cause of bacterial vaginosis and they are resistant to trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole and erythromycin.

STUDY OF EFFECTS OF SPONTANEOUS DELIVERY OF PLACENTA VERSUS MANUAL REMOVAL OF PLACENTA DURING CESAREAN SECTION AT TERTIARY CARE CENTRE

Objectives: The aim of the study was to compare the effects of manual removal of placenta and spontaneous delivery of placenta during cesarean section. Methods: This was a hospital-based prospective comparative study conducted in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Jhalawar Medical College, Jhalawar. 400 antenatal women at term and singleton pregnancy posted for cesarean section from October 2018 to September 2019 for 1 year duration. The study populations were divided into two groups (200 each). Group A in whom placenta deliver spontaneously and Group B in whom placenta was removed manually. Comparison was done in term of blood loss, fever, endometritis, and delayed complications. Results: The manual removal of placenta associated with greater blood loss (p<0.0001, statistically significant), the greater fall in hemoglobin (p<0.0001, statistically significant). Manual removal of placenta was associated with leukocytosis (p=0.0009), higher incidence of fever, post-operative uterine tenderness, and sub involution of uterus (p<0.05 statistically significant). This is reflected by increased incidence of endometritis with manual removal (p=0.001, Significant). The overall time taken between delivery of baby to delivery of placenta was significantly lesser in manual removal method (p<0.0001). Conclusion: Manual method seems to decrease the time interval between delivery of baby and that of placenta. Manual removal of placenta does more harm than benefit by increasing the incidence of fall in hemoglobin and delayed complication

Instinctive Calibrate based Container System Along with Protection and Database Optimization for Emphatic Cloud based software Testing

Innovative developments of cloud-based application the researchers must conduct cloud-based software tests to assess the reliability and completeness in order to ensure the high quality. Nonetheless, several scholars came up with research on testing technology applied to the cloud, in that there is no specific approach to follow for resource management, software integrity and database configure optimization in order to perform an effectual cloud-based software testing. Hence, the paper proposed a novel Emphatic Cloud Integration Testing with DBM’s Framework to support integration of remotely-hosted cloud testing tools in a strong secure and lossless data manner. To begin with reduction of waste resources, the frame work introduces Instinctive Calibrating based Container’s system, which performs the implementation of four level mechanism with instinctive calibrate service on containerized orchestration platform to control the calibrate-in/ calibrate-out of containers during work load fluctuation. Along with this for container security and integrity, Isolated Ratification with protection scrutinize Strategy is incorporates that conquer via separate validation to each compute node equipped with a single trusted platform module, and it enables integrity verification of both the host and running containers. At last due to the diverse database instances and query workloads, the framework commences with Tetrad Deep Method to optimize the configurations of database through end-to-end isolated database alteration with attempt-defect manner that overcome the shortcoming caused by regression, hence the proposed work highly reduced the time and space complexity at the occasion of major services as cloud-based software testing

Molecular Interaction Studies of Aqueous Acetonitrile Solutions Using Ultrasonic Technique

Density (ρ), viscosity (η) and ultrasonic velocity (u) of aqueous acetonitrile solutions were measured as functions of concentration at 308.15K. The measured data of ρ, η and u have been used to calculate various acoustical and thermodynamic parameters viz. adiabatic compressibility (β ad ), intermolecular free length (L f ), acoustic impedance (Z), relaxation time (τ), rao’s constant (R M ), wada’s constant (W), free volume (V f ), absorption coefficient (α/f 2 ), gibb’s free energy (∆G), relative association (R a ) and available volume (V a ). These parameters help out in elucidating the molecular association in the mixture. The variation of these parameters with concentration of solute indicates the nature of interaction present in the binary mixtur