The Correlation of Collateral Circulation and Age during Acute Ischemic Heart Disease

Backgroundː Coronary collaterals (CC) are alternative sources of blood supply to myocardium jeopardized by Ischemia. Aim: To investigate the dependence and influence of collateral circulation on age during acute ischemic heart disease. Methods: Analysis shows that 673 patients were studied from the SamgoriMedi Clinic (Tbilisi, Georgia) aged 27– 94 years (64.7+11.48) with acute coronary syndromes. Basic medical data such as sex, age, cardiovascular risk factors, angina pectoris, revascularization history, echocardiography, and laboratory data were obtained from the patient’s medical records. CC vessels were graded according to the Rentrop grading system of 0 to 3. Resultsː The development index of collateral circulations visibly increases with age. Average age increases accordingly as follows: rentrop 0 - 62.85+12.01, rentrop 1 - 64.90+10.79, rentrop 2 - 66.84+10.49, and rentrop 3 - 69.04+9.68 (p<0.0001). There is positive significant correlation between the development of collateral circulation and age groups r=0.170**, p<0.001. The cases of female sex, hypertension, acute MI without ST elevation, CABG frequency (also EF% - 35-45%, <35%), and multiple vessel coronary lesion are noticed to increase with age, while the male sex and EF (ejection fraction) >45% cases decreases with age. Conclusion Collateral circulation shows significantly positive correlation with age and female sex. However, it should be mentioned that in elderly patients with a high ejection fraction and normal diastolic function, the development of collateral vessels is low

THE IMPACT OF COMPUTER AND INFORMATION COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY LITERACY ON THE ACADEMIC ACHIEVEMENT OF MEDICAL AND DENTAL STUDENTS AT SHIRAZ UNIVERSITY OF MEDICAL SCIENCES

The internet, since its advent, has been well embraced and broadly used by students, faculty members and researchers as an information source, and as a tool for collaboration, learning and also a tool for the dissemination of research results. As such the internet is assumed to have a great effect on both the quality and quantity of research and education worldwide. In this regard, many studies have been conducted to know more about the applications and outcomes of the internet in educational fields. This article, in line with previous studies, was an attempt to investigate the impact of students’ computer and information communication technology (ICT) literacy on their academic achievement. According to the results, the Pearson correlation coefficient between students computer grades as a measure of their ICT skill and their grade point averages was (R=0.367, P<=0.01) which shows a positive and significant relationship between these two variables. Adopting a self-evaluation procedure, the students scored themselves low to average, regarding the application of numerous information services available to them on the campus. They additionally self-evaluated their skills in using Microsoft Office products as good. Their knowledge and skill with regard to internet and email services was ranked as very good. The students spent nearly 3 hours a day on different internet activities as follows: internet search (60 minutes), social networks (45 minutes) and electronic mails (30 minutes)

Recommendations for Green and Healthy Sustainable Transport - "Building Forward Better"

The pan-European region has been at the forefront in the development of sustainable mobility solutions focusing on health, environment and prosperity. The Transport, Health and Environment Pan-European Programme (THE PEP) brings the countries of the region together, unites three core sectors of the economy – transport, health and environment – and provides countries with the opportunity to share best practice and develop new policies. It therefore provides a platform for accelerating transformation in the transport sector and making this transformation irreversible. The recommendations, developed by a task force under THE PEP, will allow member States to lock in sustainable transport solutions for the future, given the changes to the sector brought on by the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic. At the meeting of the Bureau of the Steering Committee of THE PEP in April 2020, member States discussed the COVID-19 situation, its impact on transport, environment and health in their countries and the need to take action. Participants agreed to establish a THE PEP Task Force on “The Development of Green and Healthy Sustainable Transport Recommendations” to facilitate the transition to a new normal with sustainable and healthy transport solutions at the heart of decision-making and “building forward better”. The objective of the Task Force was to make a synthesis of the “main lessons” learned from the COVID-19 crisis and to propose a set of recommendations in order to support countries in making the transition to green and healthy sustainable transport:1 a transition in line with the goals of THE PEP,2 the Vienna Declaration of the Fifth High-Level Meeting of the Ministers of Transport, Health and Environment, the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development and the Paris Agreement,3 to name the key processes and instruments. The Task Force was composed of over 50 experts from national ministries, international organizations, city authorities, intergovernmental and non-governmental organizations (NGOs), academia and industry. The Task Force was chaired by the Chair of THE PEP Steering Committee, Mr. Robert Thaler (Austria).The first draft of the recommendations was discussed at the meeting of the Steering Committee of THE PEP in November 2020 and, following further consultations, was finalized in January 2021.4 The recommendations identified in chapter III below were then included in the Vienna Declaration to be signed at the Fifth High-level Meeting on Transport, Health and Environment in May 2021