An Investigation of Chinese Audiences’ Attitude and Purchase Intention towards Product Placement in Reality Television Shows

As a popular alternative advertising format to reach customers, product placement has been increasingly important in marketing practices, such as product promotion, and many studies have investigated consumers’ attitude towards product placement in American movies. However, few researches have used theoretical frameworks to investigate the consumers’ attitude and purchase intention towards product placement in other countries and media contents. Therefore, mainly based on the consumer socialization theory and the balance model of product placement effects, this research aims to investigate the influences of peer communication, television watching time and audiences’ favourable attitude towards characters on Chinese audiences’ attitude and purchase intention towards product placements in the reality television show. Using the online questionnaire, the research has collected data from 199 Chinese reality television audiences, and findings show that peer communication and audiences’ favourable attitude towards characters can positively influence both consumers’ product placement attitude and their purchase intention to the placed products in Chinese reality television. However, there is no significant relationships between television watching time and consumers’ product placement attitude and purchase intention in the context of Chinese reality television. Besides, analyses from respondents’ comments about the use of product placement can help marketers or media producers to deeper understand the Chinese consumers product placement attitude and purchase intention and have better product placement practices in the reality television

An Investigation of Chinese Audiences’ Attitude and Purchase Intention towards Product Placement in Reality Television Shows

As a popular alternative advertising format to reach customers, product placement has been increasingly important in marketing practices, such as product promotion, and many studies have investigated consumers’ attitude towards product placement in American movies. However, few researches have used theoretical frameworks to investigate the consumers’ attitude and purchase intention towards product placement in other countries and media contents. Therefore, mainly based on the consumer socialization theory and the balance model of product placement effects, this research aims to investigate the influences of peer communication, television watching time and audiences’ favourable attitude towards characters on Chinese audiences’ attitude and purchase intention towards product placements in the reality television show. Using the online questionnaire, the research has collected data from 199 Chinese reality television audiences, and findings show that peer communication and audiences’ favourable attitude towards characters can positively influence both consumers’ product placement attitude and their purchase intention to the placed products in Chinese reality television. However, there is no significant relationships between television watching time and consumers’ product placement attitude and purchase intention in the context of Chinese reality television. Besides, analyses from respondents’ comments about the use of product placement can help marketers or media producers to deeper understand the Chinese consumers product placement attitude and purchase intention and have better product placement practices in the reality television

Investigation of perovskite oxide SrFe0.8Cu0.1Nb0.1O3-δ as cathode for a room temperature direct ammonia fuel cell

Through Pechini method, a single phase shuttle-shaped perovskite oxide was successfully synthesised at 1000 °C. It was combined with active carbon, forming a composite electrode to be used as cathode in a room temperature ammonia fuel cell based on an alkaline membrane electrolyte and Pt/C anode. Reasonable OCV and power density were observed for an ammonia fuel cell using /C composite cathode. Although the power density is not high enough for conventional portable or transport applications, it has the potential for stationary application in removal of ammonia from wastewater because the requirements on power density is relatively low. When a dilute 0.02 M ammonia solution (340 ppm) was used as the fuel, the fuel cell using this perovskite oxide can obtain an open circuit voltage of 0.35 V and a power density of 0.03 mW/cm2. In order to obtain higher OCV, NaOH is necessary to be added in the fuel, especially when the fuel contains a low concentration of ammonia. This study indicates that perovskite oxides are potential good cathode for low temperature direct ammonia or alkaline membrane fuel cells

Perchlorate based “Oversaturated Gel Electrolyte” for an aqueous rechargeable hybrid Zn–Li battery

In this work, for the first time, an “oversaturated gel electrolyte” (OSGE) with extended electrochemical windows for use as electrolytes in aqueous batteries was investigated. The stability window of the 10 m LiClO4–PVA OSGE is 3.3 V when saturated at 95 °C, which is 0.6 V wider than the 2.7 V for the 6 m (saturated at room temperature) LiClO4–PVA electrolyte. The ionic conductivity of 10 m LiClO4–PVA OSGE is 1.32 × 10–2 S·cm–1 at room temperature. Zn(ClO4)2 is further added to LiClO4–PVA OSGE to introduce Zn2+ ion conduction, which is optimized to 1 m Zn(ClO4)2 + 10 m LiClO4–PVA and applied as the electrolyte in aqueous rechargeable Zn–Li hybrid batteries. The conductivity of Zn2+ ions is estimated as 5.31 × 10–3 S·cm–1 in the 1 m Zn(ClO4)2 + 10 m LiClO4–PVA OSGE, which is high enough for this OSGE to be used as an electrolyte for batteries using Zn2+ ions as the charge carriers. The quasi-solid-state hybrid battery reaches a voltage of 2 V and delivers its highest discharge capacity and energy density as 116.6 mAh·g–1 and 183.3 Wh·kg–1 (calculated on the 5.6 mg active mass of LiMn2O4), respectively, at first cycle, becoming 93.5 mAh·g–1 and 138.0 Wh·kg–1 after 300 cycles with nearly 100% Coulombic efficiency for the first 30 cycles before then becoming about 99% Coulombic efficiency in the following cycles. OSGE is a useful strategy to develop aqueous electrolytes with wide electrochemical stability windows that can bed used for electrochemical devices

Historical development and novel concepts on electrolytes for aqueous rechargeable batteries

In battery systems, aqueous electrolytes are superior in ionic conductivity, interfacial wettability, safety and environmentally benign compared to organic liquids, polymers, inorganic solid-state and ionic liquid electrolytes

Electrooxidation of ammonia on A-site deficient perovskite oxide La0.9Ni0.6Cu0.35Fe0.05O3-δ for wastewater treatment

Wastewater can contain high amounts of ammonia which can pose as a great safety threat if released into natural waters. The electrochemical oxidation of ammonia offers a viable strategy to remove high concentrations and provides an attractive method for wastewater treatment. However, finding a highly efficient and low-cost catalyst is imperative for overcoming the sluggish nature of ammonia oxidation reaction. Herein, a modified A- and B-site perovskite is proposed as a catalyst for the oxidation of ammonia, making it suitable as an anode in an ammonia electrolyser. A series of La1-yNi0.6Cu0.4-xFexO3-δ (x = 0, 0.05 and 0.10; y = 0, 0.05 and 0.10) perovskite materials were synthesised by a conventional sol–gel method. Amongst those tested oxides, La0.9Ni0.6Cu0.35Fe0.05O3-δ was found to have superior activity towards the electrooxidation of ammonia due to an optimised amount of Fe doping and the presence of oxygen vacancies introduced by an A-site deficiency. Subsequently, La0.9Ni0.6Cu0.35Fe0.05O3-δ was employed as an anode in an ammonia electrolyser where the ammonia removal efficiency reached 95.4 % in simulated wastewater after 80 hr and a substantial reduction in real wastewater was also observed. These results demonstrate that the A-site deficient perovskite materials are a viable electrode for the removal of ammonia in a practical energy setting and paves way for future applications

Cation doped cerium oxynitride with anion vacancies for Fe-based catalyst with improved activity and oxygenate tolerance for efficient synthesis of ammonia

For the first time, new Sm doped cerium oxynitrides with the formula Ce1-zSmzO2-xNy (z ≤ 0.5) are synthesized in order to maximize the concentration of anion vacancies. Single phase Sm-doped CeO2-xNy were confirmed by XRD, HRTEM and Rietveld refinement. These oxynitrides show a great promotion effect for the low-cost Fe catalyst for the ammonia synthesis. At 350 °C and 1 MPa, the activity of 80 wt% Fe- 20 wt% Ce1-zSmzO2xNy is one of the highest reported for non-Ru catalysts for the Haber-Bosch reaction. The apparent activation energy of the 80 wt% Fe- 20 wt% Ce1-zSmzO2xNy catalysts with z ≥ 0.3 is around 45 kJ/mol, which is in the lowest range among all reported ammonia synthesis catalysts. Introduction of nitrogen vacancies through doping may facilitate the mobility of nitrogen vacancies. This study demonstrates doped oxynitrides with a large concentration of anion vacancies, particularly nitrogen vacancies are excellent promoters/co-catalysts for ammonia synthesis

Autophagy-related IFNG is a prognostic and immunochemotherapeutic biomarker of COAD patients

BackgroundNumerous studies have shown autophagy affects cellular immune responses. This study aims to explore prognosis and immunotherapeutic biomarkers related to autophagy in colon adenocarcinoma (COAD).MethodsBased on R software, we performed the ssGSEA, differential expression analysis, Kaplan-Meier survival analysis, correlation analysis, and enrichment analysis. For wet experiment, we did qRT-PCR, immunohistochemistry and CCK-8 experiments.ResultsUsing autophagy-related genes (ARGs) and the ssGSEA, COAD patients were divided into low and high autophagy groups. For immune score, stromal score, tumor purity, tumor infiltrating immune cells, co-signaling molecules, tumor mutational burden, microsatellite instability, mismatch repair, immune-related pathways, immune signatures, somatic mutations and subtype analysis, high autophagy group might benefit more from immunotherapy. Among 232 ARGs, IFNG was generally significantly correlated with tumor immunotherapy biomarkers (PD-L1, CD8A and cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL)). The disease-free survival of high IFNG group was significantly longer than that of low group. On above-mentioned immune-related research, the high IFNG group reached the same conclusion. The qRT-PCR and IHC analysis confirmed that IFNG was significantly higher expressed in dMMR samples compared to pMMR samples. For chemotherapy, the autophagy and IFNG were significantly negatively related to the chemosensitivity to cisplatin; IFNG inhibitor glucosamine increased cisplatin chemoresistance while IFNG increased cisplatin chemosensitivity; IFNG could reverse glucosamine induced chemoresistance. The functional enrichment analysis of IFNG, PD-L1, CD8A and 20 similar proteins were related to the activation of the immune system. The GSEA and ceRNA network partly described interaction mechanisms of IFNG with PD-L1 and CD8A.ConclusionAutophagy score and IFNG expression were novel immunotherapy predictive biomarkers, which might play predictive effects through the JAK-STAT signaling pathway. IFNG might be a potential targeted therapy for cisplatin resistant colon cancer. Besides, IFNG was also a prognostic indicator