Crop classification using airborne radar and LANDSAT data

Airborne radar data acquired with a 13.3 GHz scatterometer over a test-site near Colby, Kansas were used to investigate the statistical properties of the scattering coefficient of three types of vegetation cover and of bare soil. A statistical model for radar data was developed that incorporates signal-fading and natural within-field variabilities. Estimates of the within-field and between-field coefficients of variation were obtained for each cover-type and compared with similar quantities derived from LANDSAT images of the same fields. The classification accuracy provided by LANDSAT alone, radar alone, and both sensors combined was investigated. The results indicate that the addition of radar to LANDSAT improves the classification accuracy by about 10; percentage-points when the classification is performed on a pixel basis and by about 15 points when performed on a field-average basis

Economic viability of mechanized fishing units and socio-economics of fishing ban in Kerala

In open access unregulated marine fisheries, the viability of a fishing unit greatly influences the entry or exit of vessels in the fishing industry. The economic performance of fishing operations is affected by various factors including fluctuations in revenue, diminishing catch per unit of effort, unforeseen increases in the cost of key inputs and catch and effort restrictions. Capital and labour will continue to enter the fishery until the economic rents are totally dissipated and profits to individual units are reduced to the level of their opportunity costs. In the long run, the reduction in catch rates lead to reduction in fishing effort levels. The economic performance also plays a crucial role in the investment decisions at micro level. The paper analyses the viability of various mechanized fishing units in the Kerala state using different economic and financial indicators. Socioeconomic impact of fishing ban on fishing labour was also worked out and suggestions were given for improving the livelihood security of fish workers

Sustainability of marine fish production in Kerala-A Bioeconomic analysis

The study has been undertaken in Kerala State in lndia with an - overall objective of analyzing the bioeconomic conditions of commercially exploited marine fishes for assessing their sustainability in the context of existing management practices. Maximum Sustainable Yield, Maximum Economic Yield and open access levels of yield and effort were analyzed using Gompertz-Fox growth model. The study concluded that the fishing effort exceeded the ecanomically optimal levels and there is unnecessary wastage of money, manpow and fuel in the fishing industry. The study stressed the urgent need for cap&lr@ fisheries management in the State which at present follows an open access fishery where regulations exist only in the form of seasonal -. closure in the monwan seaso

Supply - Demand Analysis of fish in India

The economic growth, population pressure and changes in the dietary pattern have contributed to the increase in demand for animal origin foods in lndia. The fish prices had increased many times than all other food items over the years. An analysis of fish demand and supply situation in lndia is done and projections were made for the year 2020. Price and income elasticities of fish demand were estimated using exponential function. Export demand and tastes and preferences of consumers were not included in the demand analysis. The fish supply was projected using trend extrapolation method. Estimates of demand model showed that the household expenditure on fish in general as elastic. The study revealed that with the projected population and percapita income growth rates, fish demand in year 2020 will exceed the total fish supply from marine, inland and aquaculture sectors with the current production trend

Physiochemical changes during different stages of fruit ripening of climacteric fruit of mango (Mangifera indica L.) and non-climacteric of fruit cashew apple (Anacardium occidentale L.)

The present investigation was made to study the ripening behavior of climacteric fruit of mango (Mangifera indica L.)  and a non–climacteric fruit of  cashew apple (Anacardium occidentale L.) The different stages of fruit namely immature, mature, quarter ripen, half ripen, full ripen and over ripen were used for various analyses with pericarp tissues of mango and cashew apple fruits. Physio–Chemical parameters such as fruit firmness, total soluble solids, titratable acidity and pH. The fruit firmness and titratable acidity high at immature stage and low in over ripen stage. On the other hand, Total Soluble Solids and PH low at immature stage and high in over ripen stage

Kansas environmental and resource study: A Great Plains model, tasks 1-6

There are no author identified significant results in this report. Environmental and resources investigations in Kansas utilizing ERTS-1 imagery are summarized for the following areas: (1) use of feature extraction techniqued for texture context information in ERTS imagery; (2) interpretation and automatic image enhancement; (3) water use, production, and disease detection and predictions for wheat; (4) ERTS-1 agricultural statistics; (5) monitoring fresh water resources; and (6) ground pattern analysis in the Great Plains

Feasibility of utilising address card system for obtaining accurate address of patients under programme conditions

An addresscard, one on which patient's home address is asked to be recorded by a person knowing for sure the patient's address, was investigated for acceptability and efficiency, in two Government hospitals located in semiurban areas and six Primary Health Centres located in rural areas in North Arcot district. In all 394 address-cards were given to the patients from the eight centres, of which 374 were returned with the address filled in, showing an acceptability rate of 95%. In all, 373 Type A letters were then posted to these addresscard addresses in respect of which acknowledgment cards were received back from 306 (82%) patients. For 140 patients, the recorded addresses were found to be the same as on the addresscard and the treatment card: In the remaining 233, there was some difference between the two addresses. Type B letters were then posted to the 233 patients at their treatment card address. No definite information was available regarding the receipt of one or both types of letters in respect of 80 patients; so, an attempt was made to visit these patients in their homes to find out the fate of these letters. Of these, no information could be collected in 9 patients. Out of 224 patients for whom information regarding the receipt of letter was available, 143 (64%) patients received both letters and 16 (7%) received neither Type A nor Type B letter. Twenty one (9%) had probably or definitely not received the Type A letter, but had received the Type B letter. Forty four (20%) had definitely or probably not received the Type B letter, but had received the Type A letter

Bioeconomic analysis of sustainability of marine fish production in Kerala

The study has been undertaken in Kerala State in India with an overall objective of analyzing the bioeconomic conditions of commercially exploited marine fishes for assessing their sustainability in the context of existing management practices. Maximum Sustainable Yield, Maximum Economic Yield and Open Access levels of yield and effort were analyzed using Gompertz-Fox growth model. The study concluded that the fishing effort exceeded the economically optimal levels and there is unnecessary wastage of money, manpower and fuel in the fishing industry. The study stressed the urgent need for capture fisheries management in the State which at present follows an open access fishery where regulations exist only in the form of seasonal closure in the monsoon season