Publisher Correction: Copper adparticle enabled selective electrosynthesis of n-propanol.

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A new method for evaluating lung volume: AI-3D reconstruction

Objective: This study aims to explore the clinical application of an AI-3D reconstruction system in measuring lung volume and analyze its practical value in donor-recipient size matching in lung transplantation.Methods: The study retrospectively collected data from 75 subjects who underwent a plethysmography examination and lung CT at the First Hospital of Jilin University. General data and information related to lung function, and imaging results were collected. The correlation between actual total lung volume (aTLV), predicted total lung volume (pTLV), and artificial intelligence three-dimensional reconstruction CT lung volume (AI-3DCTVol) was analyzed for the overall, male, and female groups. The correlation coefficient and the absolute error percentage with pTLV and AI-3DCTVol were obtained.Results: In the overall, male, and female groups, there were statistical differences (p <0.05) between the pTLV formula and AI-3D reconstruction compared to the plethysmography examination value. The ICC between pTLV and aTLV for all study participants was 0.788 (95% CI: 0.515–0.893), p <0.001. Additionally, the ICC value between AI-3D reconstruction and aTLV was 0.792 (95% CI: 0.681–0.866), p <0.001. For male study participants, the ICC between pTLV and aTLV was 0.330 (95% CI: 0.032–0.617), p = 0.006. Similarly, the ICC value between AI-3D reconstruction and aTLV was 0.413 (95% CI: 0.089–0.662), p = 0.007. In the case of female research subjects, the ICC between pTLV and aTLV was 0.279 (95% CI: 0.001–0.523), p = 0.012. Further, the ICC value between AI-3D reconstruction and aTLV was 0.615 (95% CI: 0.561–0.870), p <0.001.Conclusion: The AI-3D reconstruction, as a convenient method, has significant potential for application in lung transplantation

Construction of an immunogenic cell death-based risk score prognosis model in breast cancer

Immunogenic cell death (ICD) is a form of regulated cell death that elicits immune response. Common inducers of ICD include cancer chemotherapy and radiation therapy. A better understanding of ICD might contribute to modify the current regimens of anti-cancer therapy, especially immunotherapy. This study aimed to identify ICD-related prognostic gene signatures in breast cancer (BC). An ICD-based gene prognostic signature was developed using Lasso-cox regression and Kaplan-Meier survival analysis based on datasets acquired from the Cancer Genome Atlas and Gene Expression Omnibus. A nomogram model was developed to predict the prognosis of BC patients. Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GESA) and Gene Set Variation Analysis (GSVA) were used to explore the differentially expressed signaling pathways in high and low-risk groups. CIBERSORT and ESTIMATE algorithms were performed to investigate the difference of immune status in tumor microenvironment of different risk groups. Six genes (CALR, CLEC9A, BAX, TLR4, CXCR3, and PIK3CA) were selected for construction and validation of the prognosis model of BC based on public data. GSEA and GSVA analysis found that immune-related gene sets were enriched in low-risk group. Moreover, immune cell infiltration analysis showed that the immune features of the high-risk group were characterized by higher infiltration of tumor-associated macrophages and a lower proportion of CD8+ T cells, suggesting an immune evasive tumor microenvironment. We constructed and validated an ICD-based gene signature for predicting prognosis of breast cancer patients. Our model provides a tool with good discrimination and calibration abilities to predict the prognosis of BC, especially triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC)

Landscape Pattern Evolution in a Mining City: An Urban Life Cycle Perspective

Quantitative studies on how mining activities shape the evolution of regional landscape patterns can contribute to the scientific understanding of how mining cities develop. Based on the theories of life cycle and landscape ecology, this paper takes Jixi, a typical Chinese mining city, as a case study to analyze the landscape pattern features at different mining city development stages. First, we constructed a mining city development cycle index system. Second, the optimal granularity for landscape pattern analysis was determined. Finally, landscape evolution was analyzed at the type and landscape levels based on the mining city development cycle. The main conclusions are: (1) Jixi has gone through four stages since 1990: lead-in (1990–1998), development (1998–2009), maturity (2009–2016), and transition (2016–2020); (2) the optimal grain size for landscape pattern analysis is 90 m; (3) through the various development stages, the landscape fragmentation degree, complexity, and diversity show a tendency to rise first and then fall. Thus, mining cities should carry out sustainable development planning from the perspective of industrial transformation in the early stages, and policy orientation in the development process should have different emphases according to each stage

A comprehensive mortise and tenon structure selection method based on Pugh's controlled convergence and rough Z-number MABAC method.

Mortise and tenon joints are widely used in the building and furniture industries because of their excellent mechanical and eco-friendly properties. In real-life cases, there are usually many available alternative structures for a joint area, it is a challenge to select a proper structure from massively available alternatives. This paper aims to select a proper multiple attribute decision-making method based on massive alternatives and unreliable, uncertain and subjective information. Pugh's controlled convergence, rough number, Z-number, consistency theory and Shannon entropy are integrated and proposed an improved rough Z-number Multi-Attributive Border Approximation Area Comparison (MABAC) method. Firstly, Pugh's controlled convergence is a selection method, simple and rapid, presented in the first phase to eliminate most of the alternatives. In the second phase, an integrated method is proposed. The consistency theory, distance measurement and the Z-number are initially aggregated to calculate the expert weight. The entropy method is then presented to determine the criteria weight. The alternatives are then ranked and the optimal mortise and tenon joint is selected based on the rough Z-number MABAC method. A real-life case is presented, and the proposed method is implemented in the joint of a bucket cabinet. Finally, the efficiency and effectiveness of the proposed method are proved by the case, sensitivity analysis and related comparisons

Robust Image Steganography: Hiding Messages in Frequency Coefficients

Steganography is a technique that hides secret messages into a public multimedia object without raising suspicion from third parties. However, most existing works cannot provide good robustness against lossy JPEG compression while maintaining a relatively large embedding capacity. This paper presents an end-to-end robust steganography system based on the invertible neural network (INN). Instead of hiding in the spatial domain, our method directly hides secret messages into the discrete cosine transform (DCT) coefficients of the cover image, which significantly improves the robustness and anti-steganalysis security. A mutual information loss is first proposed to constrain the flow of information in INN. Besides, a two-way fusion module (TWFM) is implemented, utilizing spatial and DCT domain features as auxiliary information to facilitate message extraction. These two designs aid in recovering secret messages from the DCT coefficients losslessly. Experimental results demonstrate that our method yields significantly lower error rates than other existing hiding methods. For example, our method achieves reliable extraction with 0 error rate for 1 bit per pixel (bpp) embedding payload; and under the JPEG compression with quality factor QF=10, the error rate of our method is about 22% lower than the state-of-the-art robust image hiding methods, which demonstrates remarkable robustness against JPEG compression

Anti-methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus activity and safety evaluation of 14-O-[(5-ethoxycarbonyl-4,6-dimethylpyrimidine-2-yl) thioacetyl] mutilin (EDT)

Abstract Infections caused by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) have threated the public health worldwide, which emphasizes the urgent need for new drugs with novel mechanism of actions. 14-O-[(5-ethoxycarbonyl-4,6-dimethylpyrimidine-2-yl) thioacetyl] mutilin (EDT) is a pleuromutilin compound with high activity against several Gram-positive bacteria in vitro and in vivo. This study aimed to verifying the potential anti-MRSA activity and evaluating the safety of EDT. In in vitro antibacterial activity assays, EDT exhibited potent antibacterial activity against MRSA isolated from clinic (minimum inhibitory concentration = 0.0313–0.125 μg/mL), increased post-antibiotic effect (PAE) values and limited potential for the development of resistance. Docking model and green fluorescent protein (GFP) inhibition assay further elucidated the higher antibacterial activities of EDT via mechanism of action. In safety evaluation, EDT exhibited low cytotoxic effect and acute oral toxicity in mice and avoided to significantly increase the number of revertant colonies of six tested strains in the Ames study. Furthermore, EDT displayed a moderate inhibitory effect on CYP3A4 and moderate stability in mouse and human liver microsomes, providing a promising agent for the development of new antimicrobial candidate

Provenance Difference Analysis of the Eastern and Western Taiyuan Formation in the Northern Margin of the Ordos Basin and Its Tectonic Significance

The Taiyuan Formation, located on the northern margin of the Ordos Basin, has an important role in reconstructing tectonic paleogeography and evolutionary process due to its preservation of information about the tectonic evolution of the basin throughout the Late Paleozoic. The provenance, paleogeography, and tectonic activity traits of the Taiyuan Formation were examined using the sedimentary petrology and zircon chronology methods. The Alxa block is consistent with the dating results of the Taiyuan Formation in Shabatai, and the Daqing Shan is consistent with the results of the Taiyuan Formation in Xiachengwan and Adaohai. It is inferred that the provenance of the Taiyuan Formation in the western part of the northern margin of the basin is from the Alxa block, and the provenance in the eastern part is from the Daqing Shan when combined with the study of sandstone detrital components, and paleocurrent. In the late Paleozoic, the Siberian plate collided with the North China Craton, and the Taiyuan Formation was deposited in the northern margin of the Ordos Basin. However, on account of the different ages and types of basement rocks and the central paleo-uplift which has not completely disappeared, the Taiyuan Formation has obvious east-west zonation