Physico-Chemical Properties of Water at Different Depths of Radoniqi Lake of Kosovo

The aims of this study is to identify the most appropriate depths for getting water in the Lake of Radoniqi, Kosovo. We have analyzed physical and chemical indicators such as iron (Fe), aluminium (Al), manganese (Mg), ammonia, nitrites, nitrates etc. Also we have measured phosphorus ions at five levels of Radoniqi Lake. We have measured permaganat of potassium consumption, dissolved oxygen, turbidity and the bed smell aroma. Samples of water were analyzed in the physico-chemical laboratory of Filtration and Treatment Station for drinking water of Radoniqi, in Gjakova. Methods are using such as pH meters, conductivity turbidometrija, atomic absorption, classical spektrofotometrik methods, chemical analysis etc. The results obtained show that the water of the lake "Radoniqi" have a good quality in the level four and five. The removal of water bed aroma is accomplished through treatment with activated carbon in Gjakova Water Treatment and Filtration Station.Keywords: lake, water, parameters, methods, results, filter station

Adjusting Water Processing Technology in the Function Water Quality of Lake Radoniqi

In different seasons the water of the lake "Radoniqi" showed changes in the water quality, such as increased turbidity, presenting an unpleasant odor or flavor. Aeration, flocculation, filtration and disinfection with chlorine failed to completely eliminate undesirable odor or flavor. The purpose of this paper is the adjustment of water treatment technologies based on physical-chemical and bacteriological characteristics of Lake Radoniqi water. The objectives of the study are to identify the physical-chemical and organoleptic parameters of water before and after treatment of water in the treatment plant, and adjustment of technologies in the function of unprocessed water quality. In this study were analyzed following water parameters, such as turbidity, smell, taste, pH value, potassium permanganate value, dissolved oxygen, iron, manganese, ammonia, nitrites, nitrates, phosphates, aluminum, etc. Water samples are tested in the physical-chemical laboratory with methods, such as jar-test method, organoleptic test, pH meters, conductivity, turbidity, spectrophotometric methods and classical methods of chemical analysis (volumetric method). Results of physical-chemical and organoleptic analysis of lake water help us to determine the water intake level of the lake as well as make a decision for the most appropriate technology for water treatment.Keywords: water, parameters, lake, methods, results

Heavy Metals Accumulation by Aromatic Plant Salvia Officinalis Irrigated with Treated Wastewater

The use of wastewater for the irrigation of plants will contribute to the beneficial factors of plant growth, but it can damage human health because of the high concentration of toxic elements. The main goal of this research is to assess the concentration of some toxic heavy metals in the Salvia Officinalis plants after their harvest, which is irrigated with treated wastewater. Salvia Officinalis plants leaves are used in culinary and medicine. Sage plants are cultivated in an experiment using pots, in the greenhouse for 180 days. Treatments aim to assess a number of elements (Cd, Cr, Cu, Pb, Ni and Zn), that are accumulated in plants irrigated with treated and untreated sewage waters. The concentration of these heavy metals in both treated and untreated sewage waters are below the maximum permissible level in irrigation waters set by the World Health Organization (WHO). The development of plants and the content of heavy metal in their tissues are estimated. The results show that heavy metals content varied from spot to spot, plant to plant, and also in different parts of each plant. This study confirms that domestic sewage can effectively increase water resources for irrigation but the need for continuous monitoring of the concentration of toxic elements in soil, plants, and water, still exists. It is required that plants should be checked for contaminant before processing them for pharmaceutical purposes or for human consumption.Keywords: Treated Wastewater, Irrigation, Heavy Metals, Salvia Officinalis.

Processing of End-of-Life Materials and Industrial Wastes

International audienceThis Special Issue (SI) offered the opportunity to present the latest scientific developments and findings in the field of processing of end-of-life materials and solid industrial wastes. Due to the large quantity of wastes generated and to their complex elemental and mineralogical composition, the approaches, methods and processes proposed for their decontamination, energy beneficiation and high-added-value metal recovery are complex and diverse. Some transversal research investigations using wastes as remediation agents and for synthesis of new materials were also included in the SI. After a brief introduction, the main scientific contributions and findings of each article published in the SI are summarized

End-of-life vehicle recycling in the European Union

International audienceVehicles, essential to society, are continually increasing in use. However, throughout their life cycle vehicles impact the environment in several ways: energy and resource consumption, waste generation during manufacturing and use, and disposal at the end of their useful lives. About 75 percent of end-of- life vehicles, mainly metals, are recyclable in the European Union. The rest (~25%) of the vehicle is considered waste and generally goes to landfills. Environmental legislation of the European Union requires the reduction of this waste to a maximum of 5 percent by 2015

Valorization of industrial wastes via chemical preparation of the environmentally friendly oxidants

International audienc

Reactivity of Low-Grade Chromite Concentrates towards Chlorinating Atmospheres

International audienceThe most economically important iron-chromium bearing minerals is chromite. In natural deposits, iron(II) is frequently substituted by magnesium(II) while chromium(III) is replaced by aluminum(III) and/or iron(III) forming a complex chromium bearing material. The majority of mined chromite is intended for the production of ferrochrome which requires a chromite concentrate with high chromium-to-iron ratio. Found mostly in the spinel chromite structure, iron cannot be removed by physical mineral processing methods. In this frame, the present work deals with the reaction of chlorine and chlorine+oxygen with selected samples of chromite concentrates for assessing the reactivity of their components towards chlorinating atmosphere, allowing the preferential removal of iron, hence meeting the chromite metallurgical grade requirements. Isothermal thermogravimetric analysis was used as a reliable approach for the kinetic reactivity investigation. Results indicated a wide difference in the thermal behavior of chromite constituents in a chlorinating atmosphere when considering their respective values of apparent activation energy oscillating from about 60 to 300 kJ/mol as a function of the sample reacted fraction. During the chromite treatment by chlorine in presence of oxygen, chromium was recovered as liquid chromyl chloride by condensation of the reaction gas phase

Association de la DRX au MEB/EDX pour caractériser l’évolution des porteurs de métaux lors du traitement thermique des boues anodiques de cuivre

International audienc

Thermochemical Route for Extraction and Recycling of Critical, Strategic and High-Value Elements from By-Products and End-of-Life Materials, Part II: Processing in Presence of Halogenated Atmosphere

International audienceDuring the treatment of copper anode slime (CAS) under an air atmosphere, several aspects of the interactions of its main components (CuAgSe, Cu2−xSeyS1−y, Ag3AuSe2) with oxygen were described in Part I. As a comparative and complementary study, this work deals with the thermal behavior of CAS under air in the presence of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) between 195 and 770 °C. The preliminary thermal treatment of an e-waste sample containing brominated substances was also performed. The reaction products were systematically analyzed by scanning electron microscopy through energy-dispersive spectroscopy (SEM-EDS) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) to investigate the thermal behaviors of the studied samples in a halogenated medium. At low temperatures, the copper, silver and selenium compounds of the CAS reacted with the HCl, issued from PVC degradation, leading to the formation of their respective chlorides. Bromides of valuable metals (Cu, Pb, Sn…) were synthesized during the e-waste treatment at 500 °C and they were distributed between the solid residue and gaseous phase. The data obtained give an insight into the reactivity of several metals towards halogenated substances, which may be valuable information for conducting the extraction and recycling of targeted elements from industrial by-products and end-of-life materials by a thermochemical route

Thermochemical Route for Extraction and Recycling of Critical, Strategic and High Value Elements from By-Products and End-of-Life Materials, Part I: Treatment of a Copper By-Product in Air Atmosphere

Development of our modern society requests a number of critical and strategic elements (platinum group metals, In, Ga, Ge…) and high value added elements (Au, Ag, Se, Te, Ni…) which are often concentrated in by-products during the extraction of base metals (Cu, Pb, Zn…). Further, recycling of end-of-life materials employed in high technology, renewable energy and transport by conventional extractive processes also leads to the concentration of such chemical elements and their compounds in metallurgical by-products and/or co-products. One of these materials, copper anode slime (CAS), derived from a copper electrolytic refining factory, was used for this study. The sample was subjected to isothermal treatment from 225 to 770 °C under air atmosphere and the reaction products were systematically analyzed by scanning electron microscopy through energy dispersive spectroscopy (SEM-EDS) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) to investigate the thermal behavior of the treated sample. The main components of the anode slime (CuAgSe, Cu2-xSeyS1-y, Ag3AuSe2) react with oxygen, producing mostly copper and selenium oxides as well as Ag-Au alloys as final products at temperatures higher than 500 °C. Selenium dioxide (SeO2) is volatilized and recovered in pure state by cooling the gaseous phase, whilst copper(II) oxide, silver, gold and tellurium remain in the treatment residue