PSS/E based placement wind/PV hybrid system to improve stability of Iraqi grid

Proper employment of Hybrid Wind/ PV system is often implemented near the load, and it is linked with the grid to study dynamic stability analysis. Generally, instability is because of sudden load demand variant and variant in renewable sources generation. As well as, weather variation creates several factors that affect the operation of the integrated hybrid system. So this paper introduces output result of a PV /wind via power electronic technique; DC chopper; that is linked to Iraqi power system to promote the facilitating achievement of Wind/ PV voltage. Moreover, PSS/E is used to study dynamic power stability for hybrid system which is attached to an effective region of Iraqi Network. The hybrid system is connected to Amara Old bus and fault bus is achieved to that bus and the stability results reflects that settling time after disturbance is not satisfactory. But, it is found that PV/wind generation system influences Iraqi grid stability to be better than that with only PV generation and the latter is better than stability of the grid that is enhanced with only wind generation. These results represent an important guideline for Iraqi power system planner

New Reliability Index for Power System Protection Based On Multi-Agent Technique

A new index reliability for power system protection by optimizing the relay time operating using multi agent system (MAS) is presented. In the proposed method, the MAS consists of two agents as follows; first agent is a fault current agent, i.e., to determine the fault current at all points before and after grounding. While, the second agent is the time operating, i.e., to determine the time operating relay before and after modifying the fault current. The simulation implementation is carried out in Iraqi national grid system (132 kV) - Najaf city. The results show that the failure rate is decreased to 50% approximation for over current and earth fault relays

Agents for fuzzy indices of reliability power system with uncertainty using Monte Carlo algorithm

The standard deviation of load level uncertainty in power system reliability assessment has a different value for each load level leading to complexity iterations required in the convergence of Monte Carlo algorithm. In this present work, the fuzzy system agent perspective would be used to control such convergence. Two agents are developed based on fuzzy parameters of Monte Carlo i.e. current with its means and variances; the other agent is the probability of outage capacity for each state. These agents shall be applied in terms of the loss of load probability (LOLP) and loss of load expectation (LOLE) which when implemented and compared based on a Malaysian distribution network (DISCO-Net). The obtained outcomes showed that the fuzzy parameters of Monte Carlo provided a better limitation for variance techniques in uncertainty load levels

Reliability Assessment for Tie Line Capacity Assistance of Power Systems Based on Multi-Agent System

Technological developments in industrial innovations have currently been related to interconnected system assistance and distribution networks. This important in order to enable an electrical load to continue receive power in the event of disconnection of load from the main power grid. This paper represents a method for reliability assessment of interconnected power systems based. The multi-agent system consists of four agents. The first agent was the generator agent to using as connected the generator to the grid depending on the state of the reserve margin and the load demand. The second was a load agent is that located at the load. Meanwhile, the third is so-called "the reverse margin agent" that to limit the reserve margin between 0 - 25% depend on the load and the unit size generator. In the end, calculation reliability Agent can be calculate expected energy not supplied (EENS), loss of load expectation (LOLE) and the effecting of tie line capacity to determine the risk levels Roy Billinton Test System (RBTS) can use to evaluated the reliability indices by using the developed JADE package. The results estimated of the reliability interconnection power systems presented in this paper. The overall reliability of power system can be improved. Thus, the market becomes more concentrated against demand increasing and the generation units were operating in relation to reliability indices

C. B interrupt duty reduction based controlling TRV and symmetrical breaking current

AbstractEvaluating the rated MVA sizes of the Circuit Breaker (CB) requires calculating reactance parameters from fault analysis and synchronizing these parameters with the reference re- striking voltage. In this paper two ways are used in controlling X/R ratio of the system to reduce CB size in order to save cost on system configuration. PSS/E program was introduced to facilitate and illustrate the solution. X/R ratio and subtransient reactance were calculated to provide an approach to assess the current and duty interruption of generator buses with contributions from all other buses. The effect of reduction factors and NACD for the symmetrical component of the short circuit current is also applied in our proposed method. The obtained results proved that applying the reduction factor technique in New England system reduces the rated interruptions of C.Bs, and CB rate is also minimized in Bismayah132kV power plant from Iraqi grid utilizing effective switching which economizes choosing CB. It is concluded that the two techniques can be used successfully for designing CB ratings with a minimum cost

Garra Rufa‐inspired optimization technique

Natural selection has inspired researchers to develop and apply several intelligent optimization techniques in the past few decades. Generally, in artificial intelligence optimization, the particles follow a local or global best particle until finding an acceptable solution. In welldeveloped optimization techniques, such as swarm optimization (PSO) and the firefly algorithm (FA), getting around the initial optimal value of the group and randomly checking the effect of the surrounding points may lead to a better solution than the initial optimal value. The present work was inspired by the fascinating movement of Garra Rufa fish between two immersed legs during a regular “fish massage session.” A new optimization approach is proposed and modeled based on the movements of Garra Rufa fish, in which the particles are separated into groups, and the best optimal value leads each group for the group. Also, some of these particles are allowed to change groups depending on the fitness of the leaders of the groups. The suggested strategy is then compared with PSO and FA using multiple test optimization functions, such as the Ackley, Hartmann, Michalewicz, Shubert, Easom, Bohachevsky, and Rastrigin functions. Also, a multiobjective real issue in power system is tested using the proposed methods where the objectives were cumulative voltage deviation and power losses of three weight sets during the selection allocation of distribution generators. The results show that the proposed method provides good data and greater convergence to the optimal point compared with the classical methods for most of the functions tested