Adolescent to Adolescent Transformation Program- Nurturing, Enhancing and Promoting Adolescents’ Healthy Habit (ATAP-NEPAH): Curbing Social Problems Among Adolescents in Kelantan Through Peer-To-Peer Health Education

The objectives of ATAP-NEPAH are to enhance and nurture healthy habits among adolescents as well as to empower adolescents in inculcating these healthy habits among them. Health education through peer-to-peer approach is used to instill the knowledge on important areas such as sexual and reproductive health, smoking, substance abuse, illegal street racing (rempit) and mental health. Specific modules were developed by experts (lecturers) in multidisciplinary fields in collaboration with Malaysian Association for Adolescent Health (MAAH), National Population and Family Development Board (NPFDB), Reproductive Health Association of Kelantan (REHAK) and Rhaudatus Sakinah Kelantan. The trained Medical Students Facilitator Team (MSFT) of USM became trainers to secondary one school students. The selected school students were trained by the medical students to become peer educators to their juniors and peers. There was improvement in the readiness level of peer educators, knowledge and attitude towards healthy habits and risky behaviors of other school students after the intervention

CPR: Bright side of machine-human relationship

Cardio pulmonary resuscitation (CPR) is a common procedure at Accident and Emergency Department, especially in the Red Zone or Resuscitation Room. This procedure is done as a method to save patients’ life, especially in the event of cardiac arrest. Medical doctors or nurses do continuous cycles of chest compressions manually in order to ensure the heart keep pumping. This is vital in making sure blood supply to the heart and brain is not interrupted. The external force needed to compress the chest is a result of continuous pressing of the heart at the level of mid chest. One cannot deny, the process can be exhausting and can cause muscular pain to the medical doctors or nurses. However, with innovation and technology, nowadays, CPR can be done using machine. The objective of this study is to justify how the relationship of human and machine, has not only save patients life, but also able to safe the medical doctors and nurses from the risk of musculoskeletal disorder (MSD). This study has been carried out at Red Zone of Accident and Emergency Department, Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kota Bharu, Kelantan, Malaysia. During this study, 10 medical doctors participated. 8 females and 2 male doctors were voluntarily involved in this study. All of them were asked to perform CPR while standing on the floor and while standing on a stool and patient lying on the bed. Their body postures were recorded and score were given based on Rapid Entire Body Assessment (REBA). This score will determine whether they might have the risk of MSD due to performing CPR or not. For this study, a mannequin was used instead of real patient. Two mechanical CPR device machines were selected in this study, which were LUCAS and AutoPULSE. CPR by these machines was also performed on the mannequin. Result showed, REBA scores are high risk and very high risk. The REBA score when performing CPR while standing on stool were higher compared to REBA score when performing CPR while standing on the floor. Thus, the existing machine-like LUCAS and AutoPULSE in doing CPR not only save patients life, but also have helped the medical doctors and nurses as well. The teaming between machine and human in this study has proven to bring benefits to human life, especially to the medical doctors and nurses

Ultrasound roles in aiding emergency department renal tubular acidosis diagnosis

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The Correlation Of Optic Neural Sheath Diameter With Severity And Mortality In Patients With Non-Traumatic Intracranial Haemorrhage

Purpose:To study the optic neural sheath diameter in non-traumatic intracranial hemorrhage patient in order to identify if this bedside non-invasive ultrasonographic investigation may provide some guidance to subsequent clinical decisions. We evaluated the correlation between Optic neural sheath Diameter (ONSD), haemorrhage volume, Glasgow Coma Scale, and Intracerebral haemorrhage Score (ICH score).Materials and Method:This was a prospective single center, single operator, observational study carried out for 6 months from September 2017 till February 2018. Total of 50 patients were approached, out of which 5 were excluded due to ineligibility. ONSD was measured using standard technique as described in literature. The data was analysed using SPSS 24. Correlation between ONSD-haemorrhage volume, ONSD-GCS and ONSD-ICH Score were assessed using Pearson correlation.Results:The study included 45 patients (mean age: 59.9 +/- 13.4 years old, 26(57.8%) Male), with the mean ONSD value 0.5919 +/- 0.046 cm. The statistical assessment yielded positive correlation value of 0.303 (p-value = 0.043) between ONSD-Haemorrhage volume and correlation between ONSD-ICH was 0.372 (p-value = 0.012). Moreover, a negative correlation value of - 0.351 (p-value = 0.018) were shown between ONSD-GCS.Conclusion:Our study, indicate that as haemorrhage volume increases the ONSD increases as well. This correlation is similarly seen with increases in ICH score suggesting increase in mortality risk. ONSD is a non-invasive method to evaluate severity and mortality risk in patients with non traumatic intracranial haemorrhage

Adolescent to Adolescent Transformation Program- Nurturing, Enhancing and Promoting Adolescents' Healthy Habit (ATAP-NEPAH): Curbing Social Problems Among Adolescents in Kelantan Through Peer-To-Peer Health Education

The objectives of ATAP-NEPAH are to enhance and nurture healthy habits among adolescents as well as to empower adolescents in inculcating these healthy habits among them. Health education through peer-to-peer approach is used to instill the knowledge on important areas such as sexual and reproductive health, smoking, substance abuse, illegal street racing (rempit) and mental health. Specific modules were developed by experts (lecturers) in multidisciplinary fields in collaboration with Malaysian Association for Adolescent Health (MAAH), National Population and Family Development Board (NPFDB), Reproductive Health Association of Kelantan (REHAK) and Rhaudatus Sakinah Kelantan. The trained Medical Students Facilitator Team (MSFT) of USM became trainers to secondary one school students. The selected school students were trained by the medical students to become peer educators to their juniors and peers. There was improvement in the readiness level of peer educators, knowledge and attitude towards healthy habits and risky behaviors of other school students after the intervention