TiO2 Coating and UV Photofunctionalization Enhance Blood Coagulation on Zirconia Surfaces

This in vitro study was designed to evaluate the effect of sol-gel derived TiO2 coating on blood coagulation, blood protein adsorption, and platelet response on zirconia surfaces. Square-shaped zirconia (n=96) (10x10x2 mm) was cut, ground, sintered, and finally cleansed ultrasonically in each of acetone and ethanol for 5 minutes. Three experimental groups (n=32) were fabricated: (a) zirconia coated with sol-gel derived TiO2, (b) zirconia coated with sol-gel derived TiO2 and treated with ultraviolet (UV) irradiation for 1 hour, and (c) non-coated zirconia as control. The coatings were prepared from tetraisopropyl orthotitanate solution by dip-coating. The thrombogenicity of the specimens was evaluated using a whole blood kinetic clotting time method where the extent of blood clotting was evaluated at 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, and 60 minutes (n=4/time point, total n=24/group). Scanning electron microscope images were taken to observe platelet morphologies after 1-hour incubation with platelet-rich plasma (PRP) (n=5/group). Surface characteristics were visualized using atomic force microscopy (n=1/group). Adsorption of plasma proteins and fibronectin on each surface was studied by gel electrophoresis (n=2/group). Significant differences were observed in blood coagulation between the test groups at 20-, 30-, 40-, and 50-minute time points (p<0.005). UV treated TiO2 coated specimens showed fastest blood coagulation followed by TiO2 coated and non-coated specimens. Furthermore, platelets appeared at a higher activation state on coated specimens. Gel electrophoresis revealed no difference in protein adsorption among the experimental groups. In summary, TiO2 coatings promoted blood coagulation, and it was further enhanced by UV treatment, which has the potential to hasten the wound healing process in vivo

Билиарная реконструкция при трансплантации печени у детей весом до 15 кг; сравнение методов «проток в проток» и гепатикоеюностомии на петле по Ру

Back ground. Liver transplantation is an effective treatment for acute or chronic liver failure and metabolic liver disease, which is associated with good quality of life in over 80 percent of recipients. We aimed to evaluate outcome of duct-to-duct vs. Roux-en-Y hepaticojejunostomy biliary anastomoses in pediatric liver transplant recipients below 15-kg.Methods. In this single-center retrospective study, all children less than 15 kg that have undergone liver transplantation at Nemazee Hospital Organ Transplant Center affiliated with Shiraz University of Medical Sciences from 2009 till 2019, were enrolled. Over a 10-yr period, 181 liver transplants were performed in patients with two techniques including duct-to-duct (Group 1) vs. Roux-en-Y hepaticojejunostomy biliary anastomoses (Group 2). All data was collected from patients’ medical records, operative notes, and post-transplant follow up notes. Data was analyzed by SPSS software V21.Results. Overall, 94 patients had duct to duct anastomosis (group 1) and 87 cases had Roux-en-Y hepaticojejunostomy (group 2). The mean age of the patients was 2.46 ± 1.5. The most common underlying diseases was biliary atresia (32%). The most prevalent complication after the surgery was infection in both groups. cardiopulmonary problems were significantly higher in group 2 (24.1% vs 4.3%) (p &lt; 0.001). The rate of infection was significantly higher in group 2, as well.Conclusion. Our study showed a relatively high rate of post-operative infection which was the most among patients who had undergone Roux-en-Y hepaticojejunostomy. Except from biliary complications which were mostly observed in DD group, other complications were more common among Roux-en-Y group.Трансплантация печени – эффективный способ лечения острой и хронической печеночной недостаточности и метаболических заболеваний печени, позволяющий обеспечить хорошее качество жизни более чем 80% реципиентов. Мы поставили задачу оценить результаты использования методов «проток в проток» и гепатикоеюностомии на петле по Ру при трансплантации печени детям весом менее 15 кг.Материалы и методы. В это одноцентровое ретроспективное исследование включали детей массой менее 15 кг, которым была проведена трансплантация печени в Центре трансплантации органов больницы при Ширазском университете медицинских наук с 2009-го по 2019 г. За 10 лет пациентам была проведена 181 трансплантация с билиарной реконструкцией методом «проток в проток» (группа 1) и гепатикоеюностомией на петле кишечника, выключенной по Ру (группа 2). Все данные получены из медицинских записей пациентов, протоколов операций и данных послеоперационного наблюдения. Для анализа использовали программное обеспечение SPSS-V21.Результаты исследования. Из всех пациентов 94 больным проведена реконструкция желчевыводящих путей методом «проток в проток» (группа 1), в 87 случаях проводили гепатикоеюностомию на петле по Ру (группа 2). Средний возраст пациентов составил 2,46 ± 1,5 года. Наиболее часто показанием к операции являлась атрезия желчевыводящих путей (32%). Самым частым осложнением после хирургического вмешательства в обеих группах была инфекция. Осложнения со стороны сердечно-легочной системы значительно чаще наблюдались в группе 2 (24,1% против 4,3%) (p &lt; 0,001). Инфекционные осложнения также значительно чаще отмечены в группе 2. Заключение. В нашем исследовании выявлена достаточно высокая частота послеоперационных инфекционных осложнений, которые встречались чаще у пациентов, которым проводили гепатикоеюностомию на петле по Ру. За исключением осложнений со стороны желчевыводящих путей, которые в основном наблюдались в группе «проток в проток», другие осложнения чаще встречались в группе гепатикоеюноанастомоза на петле по Ру

The Effect of Ultraviolet Treatment on TiO2 Nanotubes: A Study of Surface Characteristics, Bacterial Adhesion, and Gingival Fibroblast Response

Titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanotubes are emerging as a provocative target for oral implant research. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of UV on the wettability behavior, bacterial colonization, and fibroblast proliferation rate of TiO2 nanotube surfaces prepared using different anodization voltages and aimed for use as implant abutment materials. Four different experimental materials were prepared: (1) TiO2 nanotube 10 V; (2) TiO2 nanotube 15 V; (3) TiO2 nanotube 20 V; and (4) commercial pure titanium as a control group. TiO2 nanotube arrays were prepared in an aqueous electrolyte solution of hydrofluoric acid (HF, 0.5 vol.%). Different anodization voltages were used to modify the morphology of the TiO2 nanotubes. Equilibrium contact angles were measured using the sessile drop method with a contact angle meter. The investigated surfaces (n = 3) were incubated at 37 degrees C in a suspension of Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans) for 30 min for bacterial adhesion and 3 days for biofilm formation. Human gingival fibroblasts were plated and cultured on the experimental substrates for up to 7 days and the cell proliferation rate was assessed using the AlamarBlue assay(TM) (BioSource International, Camarillo, CA, USA). The data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey's post-hoc test. Water contact angle measurements on the TiO2 after UV treatment showed an overall hydrophilic behavior regardless of the anodization voltage. The ranking of the UV-treated surfaces of experimental groups from lowest to highest for bacterial adhesion was: TiO2 nanotube 20 V < Ti and TiO2 nanotube 15 V < TiO2 nanotube 10 V (p < 0.05), and for bacterial biofilm formation was: TiO2 nanotube 20 V-TiO2 nanotube 10 V < Ti-TiO2 nanotube 15 V (p < 0.05). Fibroblast cell proliferation was lower on TiO2 nanotube surfaces throughout the incubation period and UV light treatment showed no enhancement in cellular response. UV treatment enhances the wettability behavior of TiO2 nanotube surfaces and could result in lower bacterial adhesion and biofilm formation

A case report and literature review of the late presenting congenital diaphragmatic hernia

Late presenting congenital diaphragmatic hernia is a disease associated with defective diaphragm and penetration of different organs into the thoracic cavity. In the present case, a 3-year-old boy was referred to our hospital complaining of acute abdominal pain. No other gastrointestinal symptoms including nausea, vomiting, or constipation were observed. The patient represented no respiratory problems such as dyspnea or respiratory distress syndrome. Radiograph of the thoracic and abdominal cavities showed bowel loops occupying the entire space of the left hemithorax and right-shifted mediastinum. The patient was referred to the pediatric surgery center. The defect was resolved by prompt surgical intervention. A follow-up radiograph within 6 months of surgery showed complete recovery. © 2018 Annals of Pediatric Surgery

The Effect of Ultraviolet Treatment on TiO₂ Nanotubes: A Study of Surface Characteristics, Bacterial Adhesion, and Gingival Fibroblast Response

Titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanotubes are emerging as a provocative target for oral implant research. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of UV on the wettability behavior, bacterial colonization, and fibroblast proliferation rate of TiO2 nanotube surfaces prepared using different anodization voltages and aimed for use as implant abutment materials. Four different experimental materials were prepared: (1) TiO2 nanotube 10 V; (2) TiO2 nanotube 15 V; (3) TiO2 nanotube 20 V; and (4) commercial pure titanium as a control group. TiO2 nanotube arrays were prepared in an aqueous electrolyte solution of hydrofluoric acid (HF, 0.5 vol.%). Different anodization voltages were used to modify the morphology of the TiO2 nanotubes. Equilibrium contact angles were measured using the sessile drop method with a contact angle meter. The investigated surfaces (n = 3) were incubated at 37 °C in a suspension of Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans) for 30 min for bacterial adhesion and 3 days for biofilm formation. Human gingival fibroblasts were plated and cultured on the experimental substrates for up to 7 days and the cell proliferation rate was assessed using the AlamarBlue assayTM (BioSource International, Camarillo, CA, USA). The data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey’s post-hoc test. Water contact angle measurements on the TiO2 after UV treatment showed an overall hydrophilic behavior regardless of the anodization voltage. The ranking of the UV-treated surfaces of experimental groups from lowest to highest for bacterial adhesion was: TiO2 nanotube 20 V 2 nanotube 15 V 2 nanotube 10 V (p 2 nanotube 20 V-TiO2 nanotube 10 V 2 nanotube 15 V (p 2 nanotube surfaces throughout the incubation period and UV light treatment showed no enhancement in cellular response. UV treatment enhances the wettability behavior of TiO2 nanotube surfaces and could result in lower bacterial adhesion and biofilm formation