Physicochemical properties of powdered protein hydrolysate from yellowstripe scad (Selaroides leptolepis) fish

Yellowstripe scad fish (YSF) or Selaroides leptolepis belongs to the small pelagic group that is abundantly found in South China Sea and is categorised as low value fishes. This study is designed to explore the physicochemical properties of YSF protein hydrolysate extracted using sodium phosphate buffer followed by 0.5%-2.0% of Alcalase at a series of hydrolysis time (1 hr and 2 hr). The properties of freeze and spray dried protein hydrolysate were evaluated for yield, degree of hydrolysis, protein content, microstructure and water holding capacity. Results showed that prolonged hydrolysis time exhibited increasing yield (0.6%-1.6% for spray drying and 12-16% for freeze drying) and high degree of hydrolysis (80-95%). Protein content recovered from hydrolysis process is within 20-29%. Microstructure of freeze dried YSF protein hydrolysate had 'collapsed-building' structure (irregular shapes with edges) while spray dried had small and spherical structure. Freeze dried protein hydrolysates were significantly (p < 0.05) higher than spray dried hydrolysates in water holding capacity

Variable Speed Control of Two-Mass Wind Turbine with Unknown Stiffness

This paper presents a variable speed control of two-mass wind turbine with unknown stiffness. The aim of the algorithm is to control rotor speed in order to maintain optimum tip-speed ratio and obtain maximum power output of the turbine with the appearance of unknown stiffness. The algorithm is formulated using full-state feedback which stabilizes in the sense of Lyapunov. Adaptation law is embedded into the variable speed algorithm to assure adaptability towards unknown stiffness. To validate the effectiveness of proposed speed control, a simulation in MATLAB/SIMULINK® is carried out. The results show that optimum tip speed ratio is obtained via the proposed controlled rotor speed regardless

Understanding the Relationship Between Perceived Quality Cues and Quality Attributes in the Purchase of Meat in Malaysia

This study utilizes the Total Food Quality Model to gain a better understanding of how Malaysian consumers make their decision to purchase fresh/chilled meat. We examine the association between quality cues and desired values (quality attributes) with regard to food that is guaranteed Halal, safe to eat, healthy and nutritious, has a good taste, represents good value for money, and is produced in a way that protects the environment and worker welfare. The findings reveal that different quality cues assume different levels of importance when pursuing different desired values

A validation study of the early childhood care and education in-service carereducators instrument

ECCE In-Service Carer Educator Instrument is designed to identify early childhood carer-educators' professional competence level in Malaysia by establishing and substantiating its validity. A comprehensive literature review and interviews with experienced childcare educators were conducted to identify the elements that affect the quality of early childhood education. It was reviewed by two experts, in order to augment the validity of this instrument. In addition, this study involved 2522 carereducators. Principal components analysis revealed six scales observing the early childhood professionalism quality which were knowledge, practices, skills, disposition, career development and career path. Each instrument item covered a component loading range of 0.85 to 0.72. In contrast, the alpha reliability coefficient ranges from 0.91 to 0.96 for every scale. The validity and reliability of the ECCE in-Service Carer-Educators Instrument were verified by the findings of this study. Furthermore, a professional framework for the development of educators of early childhood in Malaysia will be created from the results of this research in order for ECCE to contribute to and maintain its quality in Malaysia

Variable speed control of two-mass wind turbine with unknown stiffness

This paper presents a variable speed control of two-mass wind turbine with unknown stiffness. The aim of the algorithm is to control rotor speed in order to maintain optimum tip-speed ratio and obtain maximum power output of the turbine with the appearance of unknown stiffness. The algorithm is formulated using full-state feedback which stabilizes in the sense of Lyapunov. Adaptation law is embedded into the variable speed algorithm to assure adaptability towards unknown stiffness. To validate the effectiveness of proposed speed control, a simulation in MATLAB/SIMULINK® is carried out. The results show that optimum tip speed ratio is obtained via the proposed controlled rotor speed regardless

Variable speed control of two-mass wind turbine with unknown stiffness

This paper presents a variable speed control of two-mass wind turbine with unknown stiffness. The aim of the algorithm is to control rotor speed in order to maintain optimum tip-speed ratio and obtain maximum power output of the turbine with the appearance of unknown stiffness. The algorithm is formulated using full-state feedback which stabilizes in the sense of Lyapunov. Adaptation law is embedded into the variable speed algorithm to assure adaptability towards unknown stiffness. To validate the effectiveness of proposed speed control, a simulation in MATLAB/SIMULINK® is carried out. The results show that optimum tip speed ratio is obtained via the proposed controlled rotor speed regardless