Magnetohydrodynamic Viscous Flow Over a Shrinking Sheet With Second Order Slip Flow Model

In this paper, we investigate the magnetohydrodynamic viscous flow with second order slip flow model over a permeable shrinking surface. We have obtained the closed form of exact solution of Navier-Stokes equations by using similarity variable technique. The effects of slip, suction and magnetic parameter have been investigated in detail. The results show that there are two solution branches, namely lower and upper solution branch. The behavior of velocity and shear stress profiles for different values of slip, suction and magnetic parameters has been discussed through graphs.Comment: 13 Pages, 8 Figures. Accepted for Publication in Heat Transfer Researc

Explaining Idiosyncratic Volatility Puzzle and Lottery-Like Stock with Extreme Returns: Evidence from Emerging Stock Market

This paper explores the possibility that idiosyncratic volatility may cause unexpectedly high levels of volatility in the Pakistani stock market. This study further analyzes the Pakistani stock market as there has been much discussion about the existence of a pervasive idiosyncratic volatility puzzle since the market as a whole low volatility stock has significantly grown. The study implemented the Fama-French six-factor model to the data of common stocks traded on the Pakistan Stock Exchange between the time period of 2003 to 2020 in order to quantify idiosyncratic volatility. The expected return is then investigated as a possible explanation for the anomalous volatility. The authors discover that individual stock price swings are strongly linked to predicted returns. As the company-level factors have a strong explanatory power when it comes to explaining idiosyncratic volatility for equity returns, based on the findings of this study, we can conclude that the expected returns for firms with strong idiosyncratic volatility are extraordinarily high, and this problem disappears once firm-level factors are taken into account. Additionally, it is found that stocks with high skewness and high idiosyncratic volatility have underperformed the market over almost two decades.  Overall, our results imply that the mystery emerges because highly volatile equities are overvalued and then undergo a subsequent correction because of their high max effect/lottery properties. Investment lottery preferences and market frictions have been cited in the literature as possible causes of idiosyncratic volatility. An expected return measure for stocks as a proxy for the over-valuation of stock returns and discover the relevance of idiosyncratic volatility in solving the idiosyncratic volatility puzzle

THE IMPACT OF ENDORSER'S CREDIBILITY ON CONSUMER RESPONSES: AN EMPIRICAL ENDEAVOR

The purpose of this study is to investigate the influence of endorser's credibility on consumer responses. It also explores the mediating role of attitude towards advertisement (ATA) and moderating role brand awareness (BA). Data were collected from two hundred and sixty-three educated consumers to test the proposed hypotheses. The results suggested that the endorser's credibility (attractiveness, expertise, and trustworthiness) positively impacts ATA and purchase intention (PI). Moreover, ATA mediates between endorser's credibility and PI. It was also found that brand awareness moderates the relationship between ATA and PI. The findings of this study imply that advertisers should carefully consider the endorser's credibility before the selection. In contrast, ignoring these factors could lead to adverse effects on consumer responses. Theoretical implications are also discussed, which are presented in the proceeding sections

THE IMPACT OF ENDORSER'S CREDIBILITY ON CONSUMER RESPONSES: AN EMPIRICAL ENDEAVOR

The purpose of this study is to investigate the influence of endorser's credibility on consumer responses. It also explores the mediating role of attitude towards advertisement (ATA) and moderating role brand awareness (BA). Data were collected from two hundred and sixty-three educated consumers to test the proposed hypotheses. The results suggested that the endorser's credibility (attractiveness, expertise, and trustworthiness) positively impacts ATA and purchase intention (PI). Moreover, ATA mediates between endorser's credibility and PI. It was also found that brand awareness moderates the relationship between ATA and PI. The findings of this study imply that advertisers should carefully consider the endorser's credibility before the selection. In contrast, ignoring these factors could lead to adverse effects on consumer responses. Theoretical implications are also discussed, which are presented in the proceeding sections

iTAML: An Incremental Task-Agnostic Meta-learning Approach

Humans can continuously learn new knowledge as their experience grows. In contrast, previous learning in deep neural networks can quickly fade out when they are trained on a new task. In this paper, we hypothesize this problem can be avoided by learning a set of generalized parameters, that are neither specific to old nor new tasks. In this pursuit, we introduce a novel meta-learning approach that seeks to maintain an equilibrium between all the encountered tasks. This is ensured by a new meta-update rule which avoids catastrophic forgetting. In comparison to previous meta-learning techniques, our approach is task-agnostic. When presented with a continuum of data, our model automatically identifies the task and quickly adapts to it with just a single update. We perform extensive experiments on five datasets in a class-incremental setting, leading to significant improvements over the state of the art methods (e.g., a 21.3% boost on CIFAR100 with 10 incremental tasks). Specifically, on large-scale datasets that generally prove difficult cases for incremental learning, our approach delivers absolute gains as high as 19.1% and 7.4% on ImageNet and MS-Celeb datasets, respectively.Comment: Accepted to CVPR 202

Distribution of pesticides in different commonly grown vegetables of Cameron Highlands, Pahang, Malaysia

Gas chromatography-electron capture detector (GC-ECD) is used to extract and analyse pesticides in vegetable samples collected from Cameron Highlands, Pahang, Malaysia. The limit of detection (LOD) for all pesticides was in the range of 0.03 to 4.5 ng g-1. Recoveries in cabbage, lettuce, and celery ranged from 61.8%-121%, 60-128% and 60%-114%, respectively. The relative standard deviation (RSD) ranged 0.2-15% in cabbage, 0.5-18% in lettuce and 3-19.8% in celery. Organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) concentrations increased down the valley with dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene (DDE) having the highest concentration at 233 μg kg-1. Organophosphorus pesticides (OPPs) were found to be dispersed throughout the valley, with the highest concentration of parathion ethyl (133 μg kg-1) whereas the pyrethroid pesticides (PYRs) concentrations were comparatively less. The detection frequency in the wet season was highest (5 < - < 100 μg kg-1) for most pesticides. However, in the dry season the pesticides concentrations were higher, at < 5 μg kg-1. PCA analysis indicated that farmers were using a mixture of pesticides

ТЕМПЕРАТУРНЫЕ АНОМАЛИИ ПЕРЕД ЗЕМЛЕТРЯСЕНИЕМ В ПРОВИНЦИИ ГОРКХА (НЕПАЛ) В 2015 Г., УСТАНОВЛЕННЫЕ ПО ЗНАЧЕНИЯМ ТЕМПЕРАТУРЫ ПОВЕРХНОСТИ ЗЕМЛИ MODIS И УХОДЯЩЕГО ДЛИННОВОЛНОВОГО ИЗЛУЧЕНИЯ

Earthquakes can generate thermal anomalies in the atmosphere at low altitudes. Pending well-focused detailed studies, such phenomenon may be referred to as a precursor for earthquake prediction. However, today the pre-earthquake thermal anomalies are not clear enough. In this paper, the thermal anomalies prior to the April 25, 2015 Mw 7.8 Gorkha (Nepal) earthquake are investigated from the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) land surface temperature (LST), air temperature and Outgoing Longwave Radiations (OLR) data. The 2D and 3D wavelet transformation techniques are used to interpret the real time enhancement of the daily MODIS and OLR data before the impending earthquake. Using the wavelet density spectrum, pre-earthquake anomalies in MODIS and OLR are found in connection to the impending earthquake. The spatial images of MODIS and OLR show the evolutionary pattern of the emanation of ions from the epicenter and the surrounding area. The most important feature revealed by the spatial analysis is the eastward migration of temperature clouds due to a strong electric field. The satellite based LST data showed deviation, which crosses the upper bound by 5 °C. All the observations in our case study strongly support the notion of pre-earthquake thermal anomalies. Based on the analysis of the results, it can be concluded that the overabundance of ions from the seismogenic zone is responsible for prompting large temperature perturbations in atmospheric layers.Землетрясения способны создавать тепловые аномалии в атмосфере на малых высотах. Такие аномалии могут рассматриваться в качестве вероятного предвестника при прогнозирования землетрясений, в связи с чем требуются целенаправленные детальные исследования. На сегодня знаний о тепловых аномалиях, появляющихся перед землетрясениями, недостаточно. В статье представлены результаты изучения термических аномалий, имевших место перед землетрясением в провинции Горкха (Непал) (Mw=7.8) 25 апреля 2015 г., как свидетельствуют значения температуры поверхности Земли, зарегистрированные сканирующими спектрорадиометрами среднего разрешения MODIS, а также данные о температуре атмосферного воздуха и уходящего длинноволнового излучения (OLR). Метод вейвлет-преобразования в двух- и трехмерном пространстве использован для интерпретации повышения суточных значений MODIS и OLR в реальном времени накануне землетрясения. По спектральной плотности накануне реального сейсмического события установлены аномальные значения MODIS и OLR, связанные с приближением этого землетрясения. Пространственные снимки MODIS и OLR показывают эволюционирующий характер эманации ионов из эпицентра и прилегающей области. Наиболее важной особенностью, выявленной посредством пространственного анализа, следует считать миграцию температурных облаков в восточном направлении вследствие усилившегося электрического поля. Спутниковые данные LST показывают отклонение от верхней границы значений на 5 °C. Все наблюдения в нашем исследовании подтверждают понятие тепловых аномалий накануне землетрясения. Исходя из анализа результатов, можно сделать вывод, что избыток ионов из сейсмогенной зоны обусловливает появление больших температурных возмущений в слоях атмосферы