Evaluation of Hygiene in Patients with Implant Supported Overdentures - An In-Vivo Study

Maintaining optimal oral hygiene is essential for the long-term success of implant-supported overdentures. The Denture Cleanliness Index (DCI) is a reliable tool to assess denture hygiene and bacterial plaque accumulation. In this study, we evaluated the hygiene status of implant-supported overdentures in 30 patients using the DCI. The findings showed that majority of patients had plaque accumulation on the impression surface of dentures within one year of using the dentures. Patients were given the denture cleaning instructions according to the DCI scores

A Scoping Review: Overview of Current Respectful Maternity Care Research by Research Approach and Study Location

Introduction: Disrespectful care during childbirth contributes to poor health outcomes, perpetuates disparities, and encourages childbirth outside of healthcare facilities. To measure disrespectful care, investigators use many research approaches. Most research has focused on low/low-middle income countries. This scoping review aims to 1) summarize current research and research approaches to analyze whether these approaches identify the same types of mistreatment and 2) identify gaps in current research analyzing disrespectful care during childbirth. Methods: Following PRISMA guidelines, this review utilized search terms to filter articles from the Pubmed database. Using specific criteria, articles were then excluded by title and abstract, then full article review. Included articles were organized by research approach and analyzed for study location and the presence of 9 types of mistreatment. Results: 102 included articles were organized by research approach, including direct labor observation, survey, interview, and focus groups, yielding 144 total studies to account for articles with more than one research approach. Each research approach identified all 9 types of mistreatment, with neglect/abandonment, verbal mistreatment, and physical mistreatment reported the most. Low-income countries represented 134/144 studies, with most research centered in East Africa and India. High-income countries represented only 7% of research. Discussion: This review is the first to organize current respectful maternity care research by research approach and study location. Analysis of study location shows gaps in research, particularly among high-income countries. Further research, particularly in high-income countries, is necessary to better this global health concern

An in-vitro study of effect of incorporation of antifungal drugs upon growth of candida and surface hardness in permanent soft liners

Introduction: - Long term soft liners (acrylic and silicone based) are used to prevent damage to the abused mucosa, but they have the disadvantage of becoming porous with time leading to a suitable environment for opportunistic infections. This study was aimed to examine the inhibitory effect of incorporation of antifungal drug clotrimazole into long term denture soft liners on the growth of Candida albicans in vitro and evaluate the change in the surface hardness of soft liners.Materials and Method: The present study was done for two different long term soft liners, acrylic based (Permasoft) and silicone-based (Mollosil), by addition of clotrimazole drug in their minimum inhibitory concentration. The properties –zone of inhibition and surface hardness(Shore A) were evaluated at time intervals of 1,7,14,21,35 and 42days. A total of 224 samples were prepared. The properties were analyzed and inter group and intra group data was analyzed statistically by using One way ANOVA, Tukey post hoc-test and Paired t test.Result: The results showed significant creation of zone of inhibition for samples containing clotrimazole with the zone of inhibition decreasing with time. The surface hardness of all the samples increases with time

Approaches and geographical locations of respectful maternity care research: A scoping review

Background Peripartum mistreatment of women contributes to maternal mortality across the globe and disproportionately affects vulnerable populations. While traditionally recognized in low/low-middle-income countries, the extent of research on respectful maternity care and the types of mistreatment occurring in high-income countries is not well understood. We conducted a scoping review to 1) map existing respectful maternity care research by location, country income level, and approach, 2) determine if high-income countries have been studied equally when compared to low/low-middle-income countries, and 3) analyze the types of disrespectful care found in high-income countries. Methods A systematic search for published literature up to April 2021 using PubMed/MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL Complete, and the Maternity & Infant Care Database was performed. Studies were included if they were full-length journal articles, published in any language, reporting original data on disrespectful maternal care received from healthcare providers during childbirth. Study location, country income level, types of mistreatment reported, and treatment interventions were extracted. This study was registered on PROSPERO, number CRD42021255337. Results A total of 346 included studies were categorized by research approach, including direct labor observation, surveys, interviews, and focus groups. Interviews and surveys were the most common research approaches utilized (47% and 29% of all articles, respectively). Only 61 (17.6%) of these studies were conducted in high-income countries. The most common forms of mistreatment reported in high-income countries were lack of informed consent, emotional mistreatment, and stigma/discrimination. Conclusions Mapping existing research on respectful maternity care by location and country income level reveals limited research in high-income countries and identifies a need for a more global approach. Furthermore, studies of respectful maternity care in high-income countries identify the occurrence of all forms of mistreatment, clashing with biases that suggest respectful maternity care is only an issue in low-income countries and calling for additional research to identify interventions that embrace an equitable, patient-centric empowerment model of maternity care