Connected-Dense-Connected Subgraphs in Triple Networks

Finding meaningful communities - subnetworks of interest within a large scale network - is a problem with a variety of applications. Most existing work towards community detection focuses on a single network. However, many real-life applications naturally yield what we refer to as Triple Networks. Triple Networks are comprised of two networks, and the network of bipartite connections between their nodes. In this paper, we formulate and investigate the problem of finding Connected-Dense-Connected subgraph (CDC), a subnetwork which has the largest density in the bipartite network and whose sets of end points within each network induce connected subnetworks. These patterns represent communities based on the bipartite association between the networks. To our knowledge, such patterns cannot be detected by existing algorithms for a single network or heterogeneous networks. We show that finding CDC subgraphs is NP-hard and develop novel heuristics to obtain feasible solutions, the fastest of which is O(nlogn+m) with n nodes and m edges. We also study different variations of the CDC subgraphs. We perform experiments on a variety of real and synthetic Triple Networks to evaluate the effectiveness and efficiency of the developed methods. Employing these heuristics, we demonstrate how to identify communities of similar opinions and research interests, and factors influencing communities

Evaluate Effects of Different Curing Methods on Compressive Strength, Modulus of Elasticity and Durability of Concrete

Construction industry utilizes plenty of water in the name of curing. Looking at the present scenario, the days are not so far when all construction industries will have to switch over to an alternative-self curing system, not only to save water for sustainable development of the environment but also to promote indoor and outdoor construction activities even in water scarce areas. At the same time, curing is essential for the development of proper strength and durability. IS 456-2000 recommends a curing period of 7 days for ordinary Portland cement concrete, and 10 to 14 days for concrete prepared using mineral admixtures or blended cements. But, being the last act in the concreting operations, it is often neglected or not fully done. Consequently, the quality of hardened concrete suffers, more so, if the freshly laid concrete gets exposed to the environmental conditions of low humidity, high wind velocity and high ambient temperature. To avoid the adverse effects of neglected or insufficient curing, which is considered a universal phenomenon, concrete technologist and research scientists have come up with curing compounds. Concrete is said to be self-cured, if it is able to retain its water content to perform chemical reaction for the development of its strength. Curing compounds are liquids which are either incorporated in concrete or sprayed directly onto concrete surfaces and which then dry to form a relatively impermeable membrane that retards the loss of moisture from the concrete. They are an efficient and cost-effective means of curing concrete and may be applied to freshly placed concrete or that which has been partially cured by some other means. However, they may affect the bond between concrete and subsequent surface treatments. Special care in the choice of a suitable compound needs to be exercised in such circumstances. Curing compounds are generally formulated from wax emulsions, chlorinated rubbers, synthetic and natural resins, and from PVA emulsions. Their effectiveness varies quite widely, depending on the material and strength of the emulsion

Evaluate Effects of Different Curing Methods on Compressive Strength, Modulus of Elasticity and Durability of Concrete

Construction industry utilizes plenty of water in the name of curing. Looking at the present scenario, the days are not so far when all construction industries will have to switch over to an alternative-self curing system, not only to save water for sustainable development of the environment but also to promote indoor and outdoor construction activities even in water scarce areas. At the same time, curing is essential for the development of proper strength and durability. IS 456-2000 recommends a curing period of 7 days for ordinary Portland cement concrete, and 10 to 14 days for concrete prepared using mineral admixtures or blended cements. But, being the last act in the concreting operations, it is often neglected or not fully done. Consequently, the quality of hardened concrete suffers, more so, if the freshly laid concrete gets exposed to the environmental conditions of low humidity, high wind velocity and high ambient temperature. To avoid the adverse effects of neglected or insufficient curing, which is considered a universal phenomenon, concrete technologist and research scientists have come up with curing compounds. Concrete is said to be self-cured, if it is able to retain its water content to perform chemical reaction for the development of its strength. Curing compounds are liquids which are either incorporated in concrete or sprayed directly onto concrete surfaces and which then dry to form a relatively impermeable membrane that retards the loss of moisture from the concrete. They are an efficient and cost-effective means of curing concrete and may be applied to freshly placed concrete or that which has been partially cured by some other means. However, they may affect the bond between concrete and subsequent surface treatments. Special care in the choice of a suitable compound needs to be exercised in such circumstances. Curing compounds are generally formulated from wax emulsions, chlorinated rubbers, synthetic and natural resins, and from PVA emulsions. Their effectiveness varies quite widely, depending on the material and strength of the emulsion

Effect of High Volume processed Fly Ash on Engineering Properties of Concrete

As everyone knows, fly ash is a residual material we get upon energy production using coal. It has found numerous advantages for use in the concrete industry like improved workability, increased ultimate strength, reduced bleeding, reduced permeability, better finish and reduced heat of hydration. Types of fly ash depend on the type of coal and the coal combustion process. It is a pozzolanic material and has mainly two classes, F and C, based on the chemical composition. The fly ash used for this experimental work contains significant amount of lime and would be categorized as type F fly ash. Generally all types of fly ash have particle size less than 0.075mm. The fineness and lime content of fly ash are very important as they will affect the air content and water demand of the concrete, thereby affecting the durability and strength of the concrete. The present work has been done to optimize the use of fly ash to produce concrete with improved results and added benefits. A series of tests are carried out, analyzed and compared with concrete manufactured using only Portland cement as a binder. The present study is carried out for concrete mix with replacement of cement with different proportions of fly ash. Two concrete mixes M25 and M30 were studied with six replacements of cement with fly ash i.e. 40%, 45%, 50%, 55%, 60% and 65% for 7-day, 14-day, 28-day, 56-day and 90-day. Study focused on compressive strength, split tensile strength, modulus of elasticity and modulus of rupture of concrete. Study clearly revealed that cement replacement by any proportion of fly ash failed to achieve early strength. Replacement of 40% and 45% succeeded in achieving required flexural strength for M25 and M30 grade of concrete

Effect of High Volume processed Fly Ash on Engineering Properties of Concrete

As everyone knows, fly ash is a residual material we get upon energy production using coal. It has found numerous advantages for use in the concrete industry like improved workability, increased ultimate strength, reduced bleeding, reduced permeability, better finish and reduced heat of hydration. Types of fly ash depend on the type of coal and the coal combustion process. It is a pozzolanic material and has mainly two classes, F and C, based on the chemical composition. The fly ash used for this experimental work contains significant amount of lime and would be categorized as type F fly ash. Generally all types of fly ash have particle size less than 0.075mm. The fineness and lime content of fly ash are very important as they will affect the air content and water demand of the concrete, thereby affecting the durability and strength of the concrete. The present work has been done to optimize the use of fly ash to produce concrete with improved results and added benefits. A series of tests are carried out, analyzed and compared with concrete manufactured using only Portland cement as a binder. The present study is carried out for concrete mix with replacement of cement with different proportions of fly ash. Two concrete mixes M25 and M30 were studied with six replacements of cement with fly ash i.e. 40%, 45%, 50%, 55%, 60% and 65% for 7-day, 14-day, 28-day, 56-day and 90-day. Study focused on compressive strength, split tensile strength, modulus of elasticity and modulus of rupture of concrete. Study clearly revealed that cement replacement by any proportion of fly ash failed to achieve early strength. Replacement of 40% and 45% succeeded in achieving required flexural strength for M25 and M30 grade of concrete

Finding densest subgraph in a bi-partite graph

Finding the densest subgraph in a bi-partite graph is a polynomial time problem. Also, each bi-partite graph has a densest connected subgraph. In this paper, we first prove that each bi-partite graph has a densest connected subgraph. This proof is different than that of an undirected graph, since our definition of the density is different. We then provide a max-flow min-cut algorithm for finding a densest subgraph of a bi-partite graph and prove te correctness of this binary search algorithm

Finding Connected-Dense-Connected Subgraphs and variants is NP-Hard

Finding Connected-Dense-Connected (CDC) subgraphs from Triple Networks is NP-Hard. finding One-Connected-Dense (OCD) sub- graphs from Triple Networks is also NP-Hard. We present formal proofs of these theorems hereby

Moderators of bicultural self-efficacy and mental health among Asian Americans

Thesis (Ph.D.) University of Alaska Fairbanks, 2019The relationship between acculturation and mental health among Asian Americans has been established. For example, the integration strategy, often associated with bicultural competence, has been shown to positively predict well-being and self-esteem, and negatively predict various indicators of distress (Nguyen, Messe, & Stollak, 1999; Oh, Koeske, & Sales, 2002; Yoon, Lee, & Goh, 2008). Further, biculturalism (Chen, Benet-Martinez, & Bond, 2008) and bicultural self-efficacy (David, Okazaki, & Saw, 2009) have been associated with positive mental health outcomes among Asian Americans. That is, perceiving oneself as capable of navigating various domains (e.g., values, behaviors) within two cultures is associated with better mental health. Little is known, however, regarding the factors that may influence the strength of this relationship. Thus, the present study aimed to identify some moderating factors of the relationship between bicultural self-efficacy and mental health among Asian Americans. Considering previous research examining the factors associated with acculturation and mental health (Berry, 1980; Nguyen & Benet-Martinez, 2007; Padilla, 2006), it was hypothesized that bicultural identity integration, cognitive flexibility, psychological flexibility, and resilience would each moderate the relationship between bicultural self-efficacy and satisfaction with life, and between bicultural self-efficacy and psychological distress. Results indicated that bicultural identity integration approached significance, indicating that of all the hypotheses presented in this study, it may be the only moderator of the relationship between bicultural self-efficacy and life satisfaction. Thus, viewing two cultures as compatible may act as a protective factor, or buffer, against the negative effects of low bicultural self-efficacy on some aspects of mental health. Further, the null findings suggest that the relationships between the measured variables may be more complex than simple moderation. It is recommended that future research continue to explore and test moderation and mediation models, while considering alternative measures and specific subscales. Recommended service implications for Asian Americans include interventions geared to increase one's level of bicultural identity integration or bicultural selfefficacy, as well as to encourage systems or communities to provide the appropriate resources needed to do so

Measles, mumps and rubella vaccine as an intralesional immunotherapy in treatment of warts

Background: To observe the efficacy and safety of intralesional Measles Mumps and Rubella (MMR) vaccine in the treatment of warts.Methods: 50 patients with single or multiple warts more than 06 months duration in all age groups were included in the study. The patients received intralesional MMR vaccine 0.5ml into a single wart or the largest wart in case of multiple lesions at interval of two weeks for three treatments. The response was evaluated as 0-49% as no response, 50-99% as partial response and 100% as complete response. Follow up was made every 02 weeks for 06 weeks and then monthly for 06 months to detect any recurrence.Results: Complete response was seen in 36 (72%), partial response in 08 (16%) and no response in 06 (12%) patients. No recurrence was observed. Pain at the site of injection in 18 (36%) and flu like symptoms in 02 (04%) patients were observed.Conclusions: Intralesional immunotherapy with MMR vaccine was found to be a simple, effective, and safe treatment for warts. This study proved to be cost effective as patients can be treated with just 03 doses of MMR vaccine given at the interval of two weeks.