Investigating the Relationship between Emotional Intelligence and Entrepreneurship Competencies of Third Year High Schools Students in the City of Langarod

The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between emotional intelligence and entrepreneurship competencies of third year high schools students in the city of Langarod in 2012-2013 academic years. The research method is correlation. The statistical population of this study includes third year high school students in the city of Langarod. The population consists of 409 members. A sample of 300 students has been selected from this population through simple random sampling method. The questionnaires of entrepreneurship personality characteristics and emotional intelligence have been used for collecting the research data. The first questionnaire has been developed and standardized by Kordnaeich et al. in 2007. They reported reliabilitycoefficient of the questionnaire 0.92 and its validity coefficient 0.74. On the other hand, emotional intelligence of Shiring (1999) has been used for measuring emotional intelligence. They reported reliability of the questionnaire 0.85 and its validity coefficient 0.63. In order to analyze the research data and test the hypotheses, SPSS has been used. The results of this study revealed that there is a significant relationship between emotional intelligence and entrepreneurship competencies (r= 0.148, p=0.019). Another part of the results revealed that there is a significant relationship between self-consciousand entrepreneurship competencies (r= 0.152, p= 0.016). But any significant relationship has not been observed between self-regulatory and entrepreneurship competencies (r= 0.188, p= 0.083). In addition, the relationship between motivation and entrepreneurship competencies was significant (r= 0.557, p= 0.037). Based on another part of our findings, there is a significant relationship between empathy and entrepreneurship competencies (r= 0.222, p= 0.000). Finally, a significant relationship was observed between social skills and entrepreneurship competencies (r= 0.806, p= 0.016). Keywords: entrepreneurship, entrepreneurship competencies, emotional intelligence, third year high school student

Comparative Analysis of Paulo Freire & Al-Ghazali’s Pedagogical Comments

The goal of the present research was a comparative-analytic examination of common features existed between Paulo Freire & Al-Ghazali’s pedagogical comments. Such examination is of great importance in the sense that first, the common features between these two scientists in the area of pedagogy has been able to cause some reformation and changes in the field; and secondly, while living in two totally different cultures and eras, their attitudes toward pedagogy issue seem to resemble each other in a particular manner. Among such common ideas, the two scientists’ attention to the role of politics in pedagogy, the congruity between theory and practice, highlighting active teaching, critical pedagogy, anti-superstition during the flow of pedagogy and the importance of teacher training can be pointed out. However, some distinctions are observed between thoughts provoked by these great trainers in areas of adult pedagogy and dialogue-based pedagogy. Keywords: Al-Ghazali, Paulo Freire, active teaching, teacher training, dialogue

The Effectiveness of the Harm Reduction Group Therapy Based on Bandura's Self-Efficacy Theory on Risky Behaviors of Drug-Dependent Sex Worker Women

Background: The aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of the harm reduction group therapy based on Bandura's self-efficacy theory on risky behaviors of sex workers in Kerman, Iran.Methods: A quasi-experimental two-group design (a random selection with pre-test and post-test) was used. A risky behaviors questionnaire was used to collect. The sample was selected among sex workers referring to drop-in centers in Kerman. Subjects were allocated to two groups and were randomly classified into two experimental and control groups. The sample group consisted of 56 subjects. The experimental design was carried out during 12 sessions, and the post-test was performed one month and two weeks after the completion of the sessions. The results were analyzed statistically.Findings: By reducing harm based on Bandura's self-efficacy theory, the risky behaviors of the experimental group, including injection behavior, sexual behavior, violence, and damage to the skin, were significantly reduced in the pre-test compared to the post-test (P < 0.010).Conclusion: The harm reduction group therapy based on Bandura's self-efficacy theory can reduce the risky behaviors of sex workers

Designing A Model of Educational Guidance for the First Period of Secondary School Students (Tehran City Case Study)

This study aimed to design an educational guidance model for the students in the first period of secondary school students in Tehran. The field of research included experts in the field of academic guidance who were selected by purposeful sampling. The sample size after reaching the theoretical saturation stage was 21 people. A semi structure interview was applied to collecting data. Data analysis was through open, central and selective coding. The results revealed six dimentions and 18 components. In the first dimension (student), three components were identified include: 1- intelligence and talent 2- motivation, interest, desire and spirit of the student 3- abilities and skills. In the second (family) three components were identified include:  1- providing comprehensive information to parents 2- family economy 3- cultural and social background of parents. In the third dimension (the teacher) three components were identified include: 1- access to expert teachers 2- professional commitment of teachers in correct guidance 3- continuous training of teachers. In the fourth dimension (counselor) three components were identified include: 1- Desirable counseling and psychological services 2- Using an expert in the field of educational guidance planning 3- Improving the level of knowledge and qualification of educational guides. In the fifth identified dimension (school) three components were identified include: 1- Implementation of intelligence and talent tests 2- Academic records of students 3- Providing counseling and online tests. Finally in the sixth dimension (society) three components were identified include: 1- Considering the needs of the country 2- Guiding the student without compulsion, 3- Paying attention to the labor market. In general, our findings contribute to the development of an native model of educational guidance for use in the first period of secondary schools in Iran

Prevalence of Violence in Iranian Pregnant Women: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Violence against pregnant women is a significant public health problem, resulting in disability and various physical and mental health disorders. This systematic review and meta-analysis explored the prevalence of physical, verbal, sexual, psychological, emotional, economic, and other types of violence among pregnant women in Iran. Methods Bibliographic databases including PubMed, Embase, Web of Science (WoS), and Scopus, and also Iranian databases including Scientific Information Database (SID), Magiran, and Civilica were searched from 2002 to September 16, 2020. Following a random-effects meta-analysis, we estimated the pooled prevalence of exposure to different types of violence among Iranian pregnant women. Overall, 61 articles that met the inclusion criteria were analyzed in this systematic review. Results The prevalence of physical violence was 19.0% (95% confidence intervals [CI]: 14.0, 24.0), verbal violence was 42.0% (95% CI: 24.0, 61.0), sexual violence was 26.0% (95% CI: 20.0, 32.0), psychological violence was 37.0% (95% CI: 28.0, 46.0), emotional violence was 51.0% (95% CI: 40.0, 62.0), economic 39.0% (95% CI: 19.0, 60.0), and the prevalence of other types of violence was 54.0% (95% CI: 46.0, 62.0). Conclusions This study revealed that Iranian pregnant women are often exposed to different types of violence. Therefore, screening for violence in this vulnerable group seems necessary due to the sensitive nature of pregnancy and its importance in maternal ‎health. This alarming rate of violence calls for adopting upstream policies and interventions to reduce violent practices against pregnant women in Iran