The Effects of High Dose Sugammadex on Rat Kidney Tissue Following Unilateral Ureteral Obstruction

Arslan, Mustafa/0000-0003-4882-5063WOS: 000445290000003Background: Unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) is commonly used model showed to imitate process of obstructive nephropathy in a feasible. The aim of this study is to evaluate the histopathological and biochemical effects of high doses sugammadex on kidney tissue of the rats those have early and late phase renal failure induced by UUO. Materials and Methods: Thirty male Wistar albino rats were randomly divided into five study groups. Control Group(C), UUO for 1 week Group(UUO-1), UUO-1 week treated with rocuronium and 96mg.kg(-1) Sugammadex Group(UUO-1 week-96S), UUO for 3 weeks Group(UUO-3) and UUO-3 weeks treated with rocuronium and 96mg.kg(-1 )Sugammadex Group(UUO-3 week-96S). The blood samples are stored at -20 degrees and MDA and NO were studied in the serum. Kidney tissue was removed for histopathological examination. Results: In the histopathological examination of all parameters (glomerular vacuolization(GV), tubular dilatation(TD), Vascular vacuolisation and hypertrophy(VVH), tubular cell degeneration and necrosis(TCDN), Bowman's space dilatation(BSD), tubular hyaline cylinders(THC), lymphocyte infiltration(LI), tubular cell sloughing(TCS), significant difference was observed for the kidney at the obstruction side. After 3 weeks, in the side of the all unobstructed groups' kidney tissues, significantly higher GV scores were detected compared with the GroupC. TD was observed more for the UUO1, UUO3 and UUO3S groups when compared with GroupC. And TCDN was observed more for the UUO1S and UUO3S groups when compared with GroupC. When the groups were compared with each other; it is observed that MDA and NO enzyme activities of UUO1S, UUO3 and UUO3S groups were significantly difference GroupC. Conclusion: High dose of sugammadex (96 mg.kg(-1)) can be used safely in UUO cases, on the other hand significant attention should be paid in bilateral ureteral obstruction cases. Our findings may be a guide for future animal and human studies investigating the effects of sugammadex on kidney tissue

Assessment of the effects of levosimendan and thymoquinone on lung injury after myocardial ischemia reperfusion in rats

Arslan, Mustafa/0000-0003-4882-5063WOS: 000433205000001PubMed: 29861626Aim: The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of levosimendan and thymoquinone (TQ) on lung injury after myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (I/R). Materials and methods: Twenty-four Wistar albino rats were included in the study. The animals were randomly assigned to 1 of 4 experimental groups. In Group C (control group), left anterior descending artery was not occluded or reperfused. Myocardial I/R was induced by ligation of the left anterior descending artery for 30 min, followed by 2 h of reperfusion in the I/R, I/R-levosimendan (24 mu g/kg) (IRL) group, and I/R-thymoquinone (0.2 mL/kg) (IRTQ) group. Tissue samples taken from the lungs of rats were histochemically stained with H&E and immunohistochemically stained with p53, Bcl 2, Bax, and caspase 3 primer antibodies. Results: Increased expression of p53 and Bax was observed (4+), especially in the I/R group. In IRTQ and IRL groups, expression was also observed at various locations (2+, 3+). H&E staining revealed that that the lungs were severely damaged and the walls of the alveoli were too thick, the number of areas examined was increased during the evaluation. Caspase 3 expression was observed to be at an (1+, 2+) intensity that was usually weak and diffuse in multiple areas. Bcl 2 was not found to be expressed in any of the tissues. H&E staining revealed that that the lungs were severely damaged in the I/R group, with the walls of the channels and alveoli thickened and edematous, and also an intense inflammatory cell migration was observed. Immunohistochemical staining was more prominent in inflammatory areas and structures around the terminal bronchioles. Conclusion: The findings in our study have shown that administration of levosimendan and TQ during I/R increases expression of caspase 3, p53, and Bax in lung tissue and has a protective effect on lung as distant organ. We suggest that findings of this study be elucidated with further large-scale clinical studies

Assessment of the Effects of Levosimendan and Nigella Sativa on Myocardial Ischemia Reperfusion Injury in Rats

WOS: 000437529600014Objective: Ischemia-reperfusion injury is a chain of events put in place by tissue ischemia. Reperfusion following the damage of cell causes an active inflammatory response. In our research we tried to evaluate the protective effect of Levosimendan and Nigella Sativa on myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats. Methods: We included twenty-four Wistar albino rats in our research. The rats were randomly divided into four experimental groups. The coronary arteries of rats in Group C (control group) were not occluded or reperfused. Left anterior descending coronary artery was ligated for 30 min to perform myocardial IR and then reperfused for 2 h in the IR (IR), IR-Levosimendan (24 mu g/kg) (IRL) and IR-Nigella Sativa (0.2 mL/kg) (IRNS) group. Results: Inflammation findings were significantly higher in the IR group compared with the C, IR-NS, and IR-L groups (p=0.001, p=0.019, p=0.019, respectively). Compared with the C, IR-NS, and IR-L groups, the microscopic myocardial disorganization was significantly higher among the IR group (p<0.0001, p=0.007, p=0.001, respectively). The light microscopic myocardial tissue interstitial fibrosis levels were significantly higher in the IR group than in the C, IR-NS, and IR-L groups (p<0.0001, p=0.044, p=0.003, respectively). Conclusion: Levosimendan and NS administration at the beginning of myocardial ischemia can provide varying degrees of protection against negative effects of variations in light microscopic inflammation findings, myocardial disorganization degrees and myocardial tissue interstitial fibrosis levels

Effect of dexmedetomidine on ischemia-reperfusion injury of liver and kidney tissues in experimental diabetes and hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury induced rats

Arslan, Mustafa/0000-0003-4882-5063WOS: 000403851700006Background: Reperfusion following ischemia can lead to more injuries than ischemia itself especially in diabetic patients. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of dexmedetomidine on ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) in rats with have hepatic IRI and diabetes mellitus. Methodology: Twenty-eight Wistar Albino rats were randomised into four groups as control (C), diabetic (DC), diabetic with hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury (DIR), and diabetic but administered dexmedetomidine followed by hepatic IRI (DIRD) groups. Hepatic tissue samples were evaluated histopathologically by semiquantitative methods. Malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathion s-transpherase (GST), and catalase (CAT) enzyme levels were investigated in liver and kidney tissues as oxidative state parameters. Results: In Group DIR; hepatocyte degeneration, sinusoidal dilatation, pycnotic nucleus, and necrotic cells were found to be more in rat hepatic tissue; while mononuclear cell infiltration was higher in the parenchyme. MDA levels were significantly lower; but SOD levels were significantly higher in Group DIRD with regard to Group DIR. In the IRI induced diabetic rats' hepatic and nephrotic tissues MDA levels, showing oxidative injury, were found to be lower. SOD levels, showing early antioxidant activity, were higher. Conclusion: The enzymatic findings of our study together with the hepatic histopathology indicate that dexmedetomidine has a potential role to decrease IRI

Investigation of Effects of Propofol and Vitamin C Administration on Hepatic and Renal Tissue in Diabetic Rats

Arslan, Mustafa/0000-0003-4882-5063WOS: 000217477300007Obective: A close relationship between diabetic complications and lipid peroxidation is known. It was shown that in diabetic rat pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics of propofol was changed. We aim to investigate effects of application propofol and vitamin C on liver and kidney tissue in diabetic rats. Method: Twenty eight wistar albino rats were randomly divided into 4 study groups. Rats in control group were treated only with saline intra peritonealy. Experimental diabetes was induced with a single dose of streptozotocin (60 mg/kg). In propofol adminastrated diabetic rat group (DP) 150 mg/kg propofol was given intraperitoneally. In both propofol and vitamin C adminastrated rats group (DP+Vit C), 100 mg/kg vitamin C was given before 30 minutes administration of 150 mg/kg propofol. In the diabetic control group (DC) administartion of intraperitoneally saline solution alone to the diabetic rats was achieved. Rats were sacrified and liver and kidney tissue were removed. Liver and renal tissue was obtained for histological and biochemical determination. Antioxidant enzymes SOD, CAT, GST activities and MDA concentration were determined in liver and renal tissue. Results: Liver MDA levels in group DC was found to be significantly higher than DP, DP+Vit C and C groups (p=0.024, p=0.008, p=0.016). Liver SOD activity in group 3 was found to be significantly lower in groups DP+Vit C and C (p=0.011, p=0.038). Liver GST activity in group DP+Vit C was found to be significantly lower when compared with group C (p = 0.011). Liver CAT activity showed no difference among groups. Renal MDA levels in group DC was found to be significantly higher in groups DP+Vit C and C (p=0.016, p=0.010). Renal SOD activity in DC was found to be significantly lower than groups DP, DP+Vit C and C (p=0.028, p=0.019, p=0.009). Renal GST and CAT activity showed no difference among groups. Histopathalogically group DP was more damaged than in group C. Conclusion: Diabetes increased lipid peroxidation and reduced the antioxidant activity. However, application of vitamin C reduced lipid peroxidation and increased antioxidant activity. Results of our study have to be supported other experimental studies

Effect of Dexmedetomidine on Lung Tissue Lower Extremity Ischemia Reperfusion Injury in Streptozotocin Induced Diabetic Rats

Celik, ilknur Aytekin/0000-0003-0754-680X;WOS:000541649000005Objective: The aim of our study was to investigate the effects of dexmedetomidine on lung tissue in rat's lower extremity after undergoing an ischemia reperfusion (I/R) injury. Material and methods: After obtaining ethical committee approval, 24 Wistar albino rats (200-270 gr) were randomly divided into four groups: (Control (Group C), diabetes-control (Group DC), diabetes I/R (Group DIR), and diabetes-I/R-dexmedetomidine (Group DIRD). In diabetes groups, single-dose (55 mg/kg) streptozotocin was administered intraperitoneally. Rats with a blood glucose level above 250 mg/dl at the 72nd hour were accepted as diabetic. At the end of four weeks, laparotomy was performed in all rats. Nothing else was done in Group C and DC. In Group DIR, ischemia reperfusion was produced via two-hour periods of clamping and subsequent declamping of infra-renal abdominal aorta. In Group DIRD, 100 mu g/kg of dexmedetomidine were administered intraperitoneally. Results: When the groups' lung tissue neutrophil infiltration/aggregation light microscopic findings were compared to each other, a significant difference was observed among the groups (p=0.003). When the groups' lung tissue injury score light microscopic findings were compared, a significant difference was observed among the groups (p=0.001). When groups were compared to each other in terms of lung tissue MDA levels and SOD activities, a significant difference was observed (p=0.002, p=0.018, respectively). Conclusion Our results confirm that dexmedetomidine has protective effects against the lung damage resulting from IR in diabetic rats. However, future studies should be conducted to evaluate these effects

Effects of dexmedetomidine on renal tissue after lower limb ischemia reperfusion injury in streptozotocin induced diabetic rats

Aim: The aim of this study was to investigate whether dexmedetomidine - administered before ischemia - has protective effects against lower extremity ischemia reperfusion injury that induced by clamping and subsequent declamping of infra-renal abdominal aorta in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Material and Methods: After obtaining ethical committee approval, four study groups each containing six rats were created (Control (Group C), diabetes-control (Group DM-C), diabetes I/R (Group DM-I/R), and diabetes-I/R-dexmedetomidine (Group DM-I/R-D). In diabetes groups, single-dose (55 mg/kg) streptozotocin was administered intraperitoneally. Rats with a blood glucose level above 250 mg/dl at the 72nd hour were accepted as diabetic. At the end of four weeks, laparotomy was performed in all rats. Nothing else was done in Group C and DMC. In Group DM-I/R, ischemia reperfusion was produced via two-hour periods of clamping and subsequent declamping of infra-renal abdominal aorta. In Group DM-I/R-D, 100 mu g/kg dexmedetomidine was administered intraperitoneally 30 minutes before ischemia period. At the end of reperfusion, period biochemical and histopathological evaluation of renal tissue specimen were performed. Results: Thiobarbituric acid reactive substance (TBARS), Superoxide dismutase (SOD), Nitric oxide synthase (NOS), Catalase (CAT) and Glutathion S transferase (GST) levels were found significantly higher in Group DM-I/R when compared with Group C and Group DM-C. In the dexmedetomidine-treated group, TBARS, NOS, CAT, and GST levels were significantly lower than those measured in the Group D-I/R. In histopathological evaluation, glomerular vacuolization (GV), tubular dilatation (TD), vascular vacuolization and hypertrophy (VVH), tubular cell degeneration and necrosis (TCDN), tubular hyaline cylinder (THC), leucocyte infiltration (LI), and tubular cell spillage (TCS) in Group DM-I/R were significantly increased when compared with the control group. Also, GV, VVH, and THC levels in the dexmedetomidine-treated group (Group DM-I/R-D) were found significantly decreased when compared with the Group DM-I/R. Conclusion: We found that dexmedetomidine - 100 mu g/kg intraperitoneally - administered 30 minutes before ischemia in diabetic rats ameliorates lipid peroxidation, oxidative stress, and I-R-related renal injury. We suggest that dexmedetomidine administration in diabetic rats before I/R has renoprotective effects

Assessment of the effects of levosimendan and thymoquinone on lung injury after myocardial ischemia reperfusion in rats

Aim: The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of levosimendan and thymoquinone (TQ) on lung injury after myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (I/R). Materials and methods: Twenty-four Wistar albino rats were included in the study. The animals were randomly assigned to 1 of 4 experimental groups. In Group C (control group), left anterior descending artery was not occluded or reperfused. Myocardial I/R was induced by ligation of the left anterior descending artery for 30 min, followed by 2 h of reperfusion in the I/R, I/R-levosimendan (24 mu g/kg) (IRL) group, and I/R-thymoquinone (0.2 mL/kg) (IRTQ) group. Tissue samples taken from the lungs of rats were histochemically stained with H\&E and immunohistochemically stained with p53, Bcl 2, Bax, and caspase 3 primer antibodies. Results: Increased expression of p53 and Bax was observed (4+), especially in the I/R group. In IRTQ and IRL groups, expression was also observed at various locations (2+, 3+). H\&E staining revealed that that the lungs were severely damaged and the walls of the alveoli were too thick, the number of areas examined was increased during the evaluation. Caspase 3 expression was observed to be at an (1+, 2+) intensity that was usually weak and diffuse in multiple areas. Bcl 2 was not found to be expressed in any of the tissues. H\&E staining revealed that that the lungs were severely damaged in the I/R group, with the walls of the channels and alveoli thickened and edematous, and also an intense inflammatory cell migration was observed. Immunohistochemical staining was more prominent in inflammatory areas and structures around the terminal bronchioles. Conclusion: The findings in our study have shown that administration of levosimendan and TQ during I/R increases expression of caspase 3, p53, and Bax in lung tissue and has a protective effect on lung as distant organ. We suggest that findings of this study be elucidated with further large-scale clinical studies