Assoziationen von Sexualhormonen mit physischen, laborchemischen und bildgebenden Parametern der Anthropometrie bei Frauen und Männern aus der Allgemeinbevölkerung

Ziel der vorliegenden Arbeit war es, Assoziationen von Sexualhormonen und anthropometrischen Parametern bei Frauen und Männern aus der Allgemeinbevölkerung zu untersuchen. Studiendesign und Methodik Es wurden Querschnittsdaten von 957 Frauen und Männern aus der bevölkerungsbasierten Gesundheitsstudie in Pommern „Study of Health in Pomerania“ (SHIP) verwendet. Assoziationen von Sexualhormonen mit physischen, laborchemischen und bildgebenden Parametern der Anthropometrie wurden in multivariablen Regressionsmodellen für die gesamte Stichprobe analysiert und nach Geschlecht stratifiziert. Sexualhormonmessungen umfassten Gesamttestosteron (TT), freies Testosteron (fT), Estron und Estradiol, Androstendion (ASD), Dehydroepiandrosteronsulfat (DHEAS) und Sexualhormon-bindendes Globulin (SHBG). Zu den anthropometrischen Parametern zählten Body-Mass-Index (BMI), Taillenumfang, Hüftumfang, Taille-zu-Höhe-Verhältnis und Taillen-Hüft-Verhältnis (WHR). Zu den Magnetresonanztomographie basierten Messgrößen zählten viszerales Fettgewebe und subkutanes Fettgewebe. Zu den laborchemisch bestimmten Fettgewebshormonen zählten Leptin und Vaspin. Ergebnisse Bei Männern wurden inverse Assoziationen zwischen allen berücksichtigten anthropometrischen Parametern mit TT gefunden: BMI (β-Koeffizient, Standardfehler (SE): -0,159, 0,037), Taillenumfang (β-Koeffizient, SE: -0,892, 0,292), subkutan Fettgewebe (β-Koeffizient, SE: -0,156, 0,023) und Leptin (β-Koeffizient, SE: -0,046, 0,009). Bei Frauen waren TT (β-Koeffizient, SE: 1,356, 0,615) und Estron (β-Koeffizient, SE: 0,014, 0,005) positiv mit dem BMI assoziiert. In Varianzanalysen waren BMI und Leptin bei Männern invers mit TT, ASD und DHEAS assoziiert, jedoch positiv mit Estron. Bei Frauen waren BMI und Leptin mit allen Sexualhormonen positiv assoziiert. Schlussfolgerung Zusammenfassend bestätigte und erweiterte die vorliegende Arbeit die zuvor beschriebenen geschlechtsspezifischen Assoziationen zwischen Sexualhormonen und verschiedenen anthropometrischen Parametern für Übergewicht und Adipositas.Objectives The aim of this study was to evaluate the association of sex hormones with anthropometry in a large population-based cohort, with liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LCMS)- based sex hormone measurements and imaging markers. Study design/Main outcome measures Cross-sectional data from 957 men and women from the population-based Study of Health in Pomerania (SHIP) were used. Associations of a comprehensive panel of LCMSmeasured sex hormones with anthropometric parameters, laboratory, and imaging markers were analyzed in multivariable regression models for the full sample and stratified by sex. Sex hormone measures included total testosterone (TT), free testosterone (fT), estrone and estradiol, androstenedione (ASD), dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEAS), and sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG). Domains of anthropometry included physical measures (body-mass-index (BMI), waist circumference, waist-to-height-ratio, waist-tohip- ratio, and hip circumference), laboratory measures of adipokines (leptin and vaspin), and magnet resonance imaging-based measures (visceral and subcutaneous adipose tissue). Results In men, inverse associations between all considered anthropometric parameters with TT were found: BMI (β-coefficient, standard error (SE): -0.159, 0.037), waist-circumference (β- coefficient, SE: -0.892, 0.292), subcutaneous adipose tissue (β-coefficient, SE: -0.156, 0.023), and leptin (β-coefficient, SE: -0.046, 0.009). In women TT (β-coefficient, SE: 1.356, 0.615) and estrone (β-coefficient, SE: 0.014, 0.005) were positively associated with BMI. In analyses of variance, BMI and leptin were inversely associated with TT, ASD, and DHEAS in men, but positively associated with estrone. In women, BMI and leptin were positively associated with all sex hormones. Conclusion The present population-based study confirmed and extended previously reported sex-specific associations between sex hormones and various anthropometric markers of overweight and obesity

Association of Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor and Vitamin D with Depression and Obesity: A Population-Based Study

Background: Depression and obesity are widespread and closely linked. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and vitamin D are both assumed to be associated with depression and obesity. Little is known about the interplay between vitamin D and BDNF. We explored the putative associations and interactions between serum BDNF and vitamin D levels with depressive symptoms and abdominal obesity in a large population-based cohort. Methods: Data were obtained from the population-based Study of Health in Pomerania (SHIP)-Trend (n = 3,926). The associations of serum BDNF and vitamin D levels with depressive symptoms (measured using the Patient Health Questionnaire) were assessed with binary and multinomial logistic regression models. The associations of serum BDNF and vitamin D levels with obesity (measured by the waist-to-hip ratio [WHR]) were assessed with binary logistic and linear regression models with restricted cubic splines. Results: Logistic regression models revealed inverse associations of vitamin D with depression (OR = 0.966; 95% CI 0.951–0.981) and obesity (OR = 0.976; 95% CI 0.967–0.985). No linear association of serum BDNF with depression or obesity was found. However, linear regression models revealed a U-shaped association of BDNF with WHR (p < 0.001). Conclusion: Vitamin D was inversely associated with depression and obesity. BDNF was associated with abdominal obesity, but not with depression. At the population level, our results support the relevant roles of vitamin D and BDNF in mental and physical health-related outcomes

Prevalence in running events and running performance of endurance runners following a vegetarian or vegan diet compared to non-vegetarian endurance runners: the NURMI Study

BACKGROUND: Beneficial and detrimental effects of various vegetarian and vegan diets on the health status are well known. Considering the growing background numbers of vegetarians and vegans, the number of vegetarian and vegan runners is likely to rise, too. Therefore, the Nutrition and Running High Mileage (NURMI) Study was designed as a comparative study to investigate the prevalence of omnivores, vegetarians, and vegans in running events and to detect potential differences in running performance comparing these three subgroups. METHODS/DESIGN: The NURMI Study will be conducted in three steps following a cross-sectional design. Step 1 will determine epidemiological aspects of endurance runners (any distance) using a short standardized questionnaire. Step 2 will investigate dietary habits and running history from eligible participants (capable of running a half-marathon at least) using an extended standardized questionnaire. Step 3 will collect data after a running event on finishing time and final ranking as well as a post-race rating of perceived exertion, mood status, nutrient and fluid intake during the race. DISCUSSION: Our study will provide a major contribution to overcome the lack of data on the prevalence and running performance of vegetarian and vegan runners in endurance running events. We estimate the prevalence of vegetarians and vegans participating in a running event to be less compared to the respective proportion of vegetarians and vegans to the general population. Furthermore we will validate the subject's self-assessment of their respective diet. This comparative study may identify possible effects of dietary behavior on running performance und may detect possible differences between the respective subgroups: omnivorous, vegetarian and vegan runners. Trial registration Current controlled trials, ISRCTN73074080

Association of sex hormones with physical, laboratory, and imaging markers of anthropometry in men and women from the general population

The aim of this study was to evaluate the association of sex hormones with anthropometry in a large population-based cohort, with liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LCMS)-based sex hormone measurements and imaging markers.Cross-sectional data from 957 men and women from the population-based Study of Health in Pomerania (SHIP) were used. Associations of a comprehensive panel of LCMS-measured sex hormones with anthropometric parameters, laboratory, and imaging markers were analyzed in multivariable regression models for the full sample and stratified by sex. Sex hormone measures included total testosterone (TT), free testosterone (fT), estrone and estradiol, androstenedione (ASD), dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEAS), and sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG). Domains of anthropometry included physical measures (body-mass-index (BMI), waist circumference, waist-to-height-ratio, waist-to-hip-ratio, and hip circumference), laboratory measures of adipokines (leptin and vaspin), and magnet resonance imaging-based measures (visceral and subcutaneous adipose tissue).In men, inverse associations between all considered anthropometric parameters with TT were found: BMI (β-coefficient, standard error (SE): -0.159, 0.037), waist-circumference (β-coefficient, SE: -0.892, 0.292), subcutaneous adipose tissue (β-coefficient, SE: -0.156, 0.023), and leptin (β-coefficient, SE: -0.046, 0.009). In women TT (β-coefficient, SE: 1.356, 0.615) and estrone (β-coefficient, SE: 0.014, 0.005) were positively associated with BMI. In analyses of variance, BMI and leptin were inversely associated with TT, ASD, and DHEAS in men, but positively associated with estrone. In women, BMI and leptin were positively associated with all sex hormones.The present population-based study confirmed and extended previously reported sex-specific associations between sex hormones and various anthropometric markers of overweight and obesity

Association between sex hormones and anthropometry in men and women.

<p>Association between sex hormones and anthropometry in men and women.</p

Associations of sex hormones with leptin.

<p>Analysis of testosterone, estrone, androstendione, and dehydroepiandrosterone-sulfate (DHEAS) with body-mass-index (BMI) and leptin among men (upper part) and women (lower part). Linear regression adjusted for age, sex, smoking, physical activity, type 2 diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and cholesterol.</p

Baseline characteristics of the study population, stratified by sex.

<p>Baseline characteristics of the study population, stratified by sex.</p

MRI post-processing figure depicting the fat quantification pipeline.

<p>Subcutaneous adipose tissue is highlighted red, visceral adipose tissue is highlighted green, other fat tissue is highlighted yellow.</p

Flow chart of the study sample.

<p>DHEAS, dehydroepiandrosterone-sulfate; SHBG, sex hormone-binding globulin; Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical Classification System Code for Urologicals: LO2B and for Testosterone-5-alpha-reductase-inhibitors: G04CB.</p