Investigating the Mediating Role of Market Orientation between Internal Marketing and the Development of Entrepreneurial Orientation within Private Sports Clubs

Purpose–This studyexamines the role of market orientation in the relationship between internal marketing and entrepreneurial orientation within private sports clubs. Design/methodology/approach–The research is a descriptive-correlational study based on private sports clubs employees within Iran (Sanandaj). A theoretical model was developed based on the literature and tested using SPSS and PLS-SEM software. Findings– The findings indicate a positive relationship between internal marketing and employees’ entrepreneurial orientation. Market orientation has also played a positive mediating role in the relationship between internal marketing and entrepreneurial orientation. Originality/value– The results suggest a higher level of market orientation in the organization can increase teamwork and, consequently, entrepreneurship development among employees. This is important in sports clubs as employees have a significant role in the success of the sports club. Club employees’ satisfaction, generated through internal marketing, provides is a prerequisite for customer satisfaction. This therefore creates an environment supportive of entrepreneurial orientation in the club

Humor coping and flourishing: investigating the mediating role of resilience and optimism

Bu çalışmada psikolojik sağlamlık ile iyimserliğin mizahla başa çıkma ve iyilik hali ilişkisinde aracılık rolünün olup olmadığı incelenmiştir. Çalışma 351 (201 kadın, 150 erkek; Yaşort = 20.26±1.75) üniversite öğrencisinin katılımıyla gerçekleştirilmiştir. Katılımcılar Mizah Yoluyla Başa Çıkma Ölçeği, Psikolojik İyi Oluş Ölçeği, Kısa Psikolojik Sağlamlık Ölçeği ve Yaşam Yönelimi Testi-R’ni doldurmuşlardır. Veriler Yapısal Eşitlik Modellemesi ve Bootstrapping İşlemiyle analiz edilmiştir. Yapısal model sonucunda; mizahla başa çıkmanın iyilik halini doğrudan değil, psikolojik sağlamlık ile iyimserliğin tam aracılığıyla yordadığı saptanmıştır. Bootstrapping işlemi de psikolojik sağlamlık ile iyimserliğin mizahla başa çıkma ve iyilik hali ilişkisinde tam aracı olduğu dolaylı yolun anlamlı olduğunu desteklemiştir. Olası açıklamalar ile çalışmanın doğurguları ve sınırlıkları tartışılmıştır.The purpose of this study was to examine whether resilience and optimism are mediator between humor coping and flourishing among Turkish university students. Totally 351 (201 females and 150 males, mean age = 20.26±1.75) students completed a self-report questionnaire including the Humor Coping Scale, the Flourishing Scale, the Brief Resilience Scale, and the Life Orientation Test-R Scale. The data were analyzed with structural equation modeling and bootstrapping method. Structural modeling showed that humor coping had not a direct effect on flourishing, fully mediated by resilience and optimism. The results of the bootstrap estimation procedure indicated that the indirect effect of resilience and optimism on the relationship between humor coping and flourishing was significant. The possible explanations and the research implications and limitations are discussed

Ergenlerin Kendilik Algıları ve Okul Doyumu: Öznel Zindeliğin Aracılık Rolünün Değerlendirilmesi

The purpose of this study was to examine whether subjective vitality is a mediator between self-perception and school satisfaction among adolescents. Totally 351 (176 girls and 175 boys, mean age = 13.87±1.57) adolescents completed a self-report questionnaire including the Children’s Overall Satisfaction with Schooling Scale, the Subjective Vitality Scale, and the Social Comparison Scale. The data were analyzed with using the structural equation modeling and bootstrapping method. Structural equation modeling showed that self-perception had an indirect effect on school satisfaction, fully mediated by subjective vitality. The results of the bootstrapping procedure indicated that the indirect effect of subjective vitality on the relationship between self-perception and school satisfaction was significant. The possible explanations, the research implication, limitations, and future directions are discussed.Bu çalışmada öznel zindeliğin ergenlerin kendilik algıları ile okul doyumları arasında aracılık rolünün olup olmadığı incelenmiştir. Araştırmaya katılan 351 (176 kız ve 175 erkek, Yaş ort = 13.87±1.57) ergen Çocuklar için Kapsamlı Okul Doyumu Ölçeği, Öznel Zindelik Ölçeği ve Sosyal Karşılaştırma Ölçeğini doldurmuştur. Verilerin analizi için Yapısal Eşitlik Modellemesi ile Bootstrapping İşlemi kullanılmıştır. Yapısal Eşitlik Modellemesine göre kendilik algısı okul doyumunu öznel zindeliğin tam aracılığı ile yordamaktadır. Bootstrapping işlemi sonucuna göre de öznel zindeliğin kendilik algısı ile okul doyumu ilişkisinde dolaylı etkisinin anlamlı olduğu belirlenmiştir. Olası açıklamalar ile çalışmanın doğurguları, sınırlıkları ve gelecek çalışmalara öneriler tartışılmıştır

Valeur de la méthode d'immunofluorescence indirecte dans le diagnostic des trypanosomiases bovines et leur étude épizootologique

Des épreuves d'immunofluorescence indirecte, pratiquées dans les trypanosomiases bovines, il ressort que cette méthode, quoique très sensible et utile dans les études d'épizootologie et les recherches sur les anticorps, a cependant un intérêt plus limité en matière de diagnostic du fait de l'impossibilité de déceler des infections précoces, des incertitudes quant aux espèces de trypanosomes en cause et aussi parce que la présence d'anticorps ne traduit pas nécessairement une infection présent

Hepatitis B screening practices and viral control among persons living with HIV in urban Senegal.

Chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection affects >10% of the general population and is the leading cause of liver cirrhosis and cancer in West Africa. Despite current recommendations, HBV is often not tested for in clinical routine in the region. We included all people living with HIV (PLWH) in care between March and July 2019 at Fann University Hospital in Dakar (Senegal) and proposed hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) test to those never tested. All HBsAg-positive underwent HIV and HBV viral load (VL) and liver stiffness measurement. We evaluated, using logistic regression, potential associations between patient characteristics and (a) HBV testing uptake; (b) HIV/HBV co-infection among individual HBsAg tested. We determined the proportion of co-infected who had HBV DNA >20 IU/ml on ART and sequenced HBV polymerase in those with HBV replication.of 1076 PLWH in care, 689 (64.0%) had never had an HBsAg test prior to our HBV testing intervention. Women and individuals >40 years old were less likely to have been previously tested. After HBV testing intervention,107/884 (12.1%) PLWH were HBsAg-positive. Seven of 58 (12.1%) individuals newly diagnosed with HIV/HBV co-infection had a detectable HBV VL, of whom five were HIV-suppressed. Two patients on ART including 3TC and AZT as backbone showed the presence of the triple resistance mutation 180M/204I/80V. In this Senegalese urban HIV clinic, the majority of patients on ART had never been tested for HBV infection. One in ten co-infected individuals had a detectable HBV VL despite HIV suppression, and 8% were not receiving a TDF-containing regimen

How gender, majors, religion and mental health affect the justified death attitude?

Background: Death penalty and euthanasia are disputed practices in the world. However, they are considered "justified" by their proponents. We newly developed a scale for assessment of the attitude toward justified death, which determines "hot cognition" using a number of scenarios. Objectives: This study aimed at assessing the effects of the major demographic items including gender, major, religion, and mental health on the justified death attitude. Methods: A total of 481 participants including 419 university students and 62 seminarians participated in the study in Tehran, Iran. The Persian versions of the justified death attitude scale and the general health questionnaire-12 were used for data collection. Data were analyzed using the multivariate analysis of variance. Results: Capital punishment was suggested more frequently for rape and drug trafficking and less frequently for murder, and infrequently for adultery. Men and religious subjects showed a more positive attitude toward execution. Furthermore, most of the subjects did not agree with euthanasia; surprisingly, active euthanasia was more acceptable than passive euthanasia. Finally, death penalty and euthanasia did not show an association with mental health. Conclusions: Individual characteristics like gender, major, and religiosity could significantly affect the attitude of people toward justified death. Further studies including neuropsychological methods are suggested. © 2017, Iranian Journal of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences

Chloroquine and Hydroxychloroquine for the Prevention or Treatment of Novel Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) in Africa: Caution for Inappropriate Off-Label Use in Healthcare Settings

The novel severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2 pandemic has spread to Africa, where nearly all countries have reported laboratory-confirmed cases of novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19). Although there are ongoing clinical trials of repurposed and investigational antiviral and immune-based therapies, there are as yet no scientifically proven, clinically effective pharmacological treatments for COVID-19. Among the repurposed drugs, the commonly used antimalarials chloroquine (CQ) and hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) have become the focus of global scientific, media, and political attention despite a lack of randomized clinical trials supporting their efficacy. Chloroquine has been used worldwide for about 75 years and is listed by the WHO as an essential medicine to treat malaria. Hydroxychloroquine is mainly used as a therapy for autoimmune diseases. However, the efficacy and safety of CQ/HCQ for the treatment of COVID-19 remains to be defined. Indiscriminate promotion and widespread use of CQ/HCQ have led to extensive shortages, self-treatment, and fatal overdoses. Shortages and increased market prices leave all countries vulnerable to substandard and falsified medical products, and safety issues are especially concerning for Africa because of its healthcare system limitations. Much needed in Africa is a cross-continental collaborative network for coordinated production, distribution, and post-marketing surveillance aligned to low-cost distribution of any approved COVID-19 drug; this would ideally be piggybacked on existing global aid efforts. Meanwhile, African countries should strongly consider implementing prescription monitoring schemes to ensure that any off-label CQ/HCQ use is appropriate and beneficial during this pandemic

BMC Psychiatry

Background Depression is one of the most common psychiatric disorders in people living with HIV (PLHIV). Depression has a negative impact on both mental and physical health and is mainly associated with suboptimal HIV treatment outcomes. To encourage successful aging and the achievement of the 3 × 90 objectives in older PLHIV, the psychological domain must not be neglected. In this context and as data are scarce in West Africa, this study aimed to evaluate the prevalence and the factors associated with severe depressive symptoms in older PLHIV living in this region of the world. Methods Data from PLHIV aged ≥50 years and on ART since ≥6 months were collected in three clinics (two in Côte d’Ivoire, one in Senegal) participating in the West Africa International epidemiological Databases to Evaluate AIDS (IeDEA) collaboration. The severity of depressive symptoms was measured using the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression scale (CES-D), and associated factors were identified using logistic regressions. Results The median age of the 334 PLHIV included in the study was 56.7 (53.5–61.1), 57.8% were female, and 87.1% had an undetectable viral load. The prevalence of severe depressive symptoms was 17.9% [95% Confidence Interval (95% CI): 13.8–22.0]. PLHIV with severe depressive symptoms were more likely to be unemployed (adjusted Odd Ratio (aOR) = 2.8; 95% CI: 1.4–5.7), and to be current or former tobacco smokers (aOR = 2.6; 95% CI: 1.3–5.4) but were less likely to be overweight or obese (aOR = 0.4; 95% CI: 0.2–0.8). Conclusions The prevalence of severe depressive symptoms is high among older PLHIV living in West Africa. Unemployed PLHIV and tobacco smokers should be seen as vulnerable and in need of additional support. Further studies are needed to describe in more details the reality of the aging experience for PLHIV living in SSA. The integration of screening and management of depression in the standard of care of PLHIV is crucial