25 research outputs found
Cyclopropenium Salts as Cyclable, HighâPotential Catholytes in Nonaqueous Media
Peer Reviewedhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/136488/1/aenm201602027-sup-0001-S1.pdfhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/136488/2/aenm201602027.pdfhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/136488/3/aenm201602027_am.pd
Closed Aromatic Tubes-Capsularenes
In this study, we describe a synthetic method for incorporating arenes into closed tubes that we name capsularenes. First, we prepared vase-shaped molecular baskets 4â7. The baskets comprise a benzene base fused to three bicycle[2.2.1]heptane rings that extend into phthalimide (4), naphthalimide (6), and anthraceneimide sides (7), each carrying a dimethoxyethane acetal group. In the presence of catalytic trifluoroacetic acid (TFA), the acetals at top of 4, 6 and 7 change into aliphatic aldehydes followed by their intramolecular cyclization into 1,3,5-trioxane (1H NMR spectroscopy). Such ring closure is nearly a quantitative process that furnishes differently sized capsularenes 1 (0.7Ă0.9 nm), 8 (0.7Ă1.1 nm;) and 9 (0.7Ă1.4 nm;) characterized by X-Ray crystallography, microcrystal electron diffraction, UV/Vis, fluorescence, cyclic voltammetry, and thermogravimetry. With exceptional rigidity, unique topology, great thermal stability, and perhaps tuneable optoelectronic characteristics, capsularenes hold promise for the construction of novel organic electronic devices
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Iridium-Catalyzed Oxidative Olefination of Furans with Unactivated Alkenes
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Iridium-Catalyzed Intermolecular Asymmetric Hydroheteroarylation of Bicycloalkenes
Iridium-Catalyzed Oxidative Olefination of Furans with Unactivated Alkenes
The oxidative coupling of arenes
and alkenes is an attractive strategy
for the synthesis of vinylarenes, but reactions with unactivated alkenes
have typically occurred in low yield. We report an Ir-catalyzed oxidative
coupling of furans with unactivated olefins to generate branched vinylfuran
products in high yields and with high selectivities with a second
alkene as the hydrogen acceptor. Detailed mechanistic experiments
revealed catalyst decomposition pathways that were alleviated by the
judicious selection of reaction conditions and application of new
ligands
Iridium-Catalyzed, Intermolecular Hydroetherification of Unactivated Aliphatic Alkenes with Phenols
Metal-catalyzed
addition of an OâH bond to an alkene is
a desirable process because it allows for rapid access to ethers from
abundant starting materials without the formation of waste, without
rearrangements, and with the possibility to control the stereoselectivity.
We report the intermolecular, metal-catalyzed addition of phenols
to unactivated α-olefins. Mechanistic studies of this rare catalytic
reaction revealed a dynamic mixture of resting states that undergo
OâH bond oxidative addition and subsequent olefin insertion
to form ether products
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Iridium-Catalyzed Intermolecular Hydroamination of Unactivated Aliphatic Alkenes with Amides and Sulfonamides
Iridium-Catalyzed Intermolecular Asymmetric Hydroheteroarylation of Bicycloalkenes
Catalytic hydroarylation of alkenes is a desirable process
because
it can occur under neutral conditions with regioselectivity complementary
to that of acid-catalyzed reactions and stereoselectivity derived
from the catalyst. We report an intermolecular asymmetric addition
of the CâH bonds of indoles, thiophenes, pyrroles, and furans
to bicycloalkenes in high yield with high enantiomeric excess. These
heteroarene alkylations occur ortho to the heteroatom. This selectivity
is observed even with unprotected indoles, which typically undergo
alkylation at the C3 position. Initial mechanistic studies revealed
that oxidative addition of a heteroarene CâH bond to a neutral
Ir<sup>I</sup> species occurs within minutes at room temperature and
occurs in the catalytic cycle prior to the turnover-limiting step.
Products from syn addition of the CâH bond across the olefin
were observed
Iridium-Catalyzed Intermolecular Asymmetric Hydroheteroarylation of Bicycloalkenes
Catalytic hydroarylation of alkenes is a desirable process
because
it can occur under neutral conditions with regioselectivity complementary
to that of acid-catalyzed reactions and stereoselectivity derived
from the catalyst. We report an intermolecular asymmetric addition
of the CâH bonds of indoles, thiophenes, pyrroles, and furans
to bicycloalkenes in high yield with high enantiomeric excess. These
heteroarene alkylations occur ortho to the heteroatom. This selectivity
is observed even with unprotected indoles, which typically undergo
alkylation at the C3 position. Initial mechanistic studies revealed
that oxidative addition of a heteroarene CâH bond to a neutral
Ir<sup>I</sup> species occurs within minutes at room temperature and
occurs in the catalytic cycle prior to the turnover-limiting step.
Products from syn addition of the CâH bond across the olefin
were observed