Investigation of myxomycetes in Selcen Mountain (Turkey) and its close environs

In this study, myxomycetes, which have an important place in forest ecosystem, were determined. Myxomycetes act as saprophyte in the forest ecosystem. In this context, the myxomycet diversity of Selcen Mountain and its close environs was determined. This study has been made on the specimens which were obtained from 11 different station areas of Selcen Mountain and its close environs in 2011-2012. The samples were acquired from barks of trees, leaves and the materials of decayed trees. These materials were employed the Moist Chamber Culture and it was tried to develop myxomycetes sporophore. In addition myxomycetes were obtained from natural environment. As a result of field and laboratory studies 57 taxa belonging to 10 families and 21 genera were identified, and they were added to the Turkish Myxobiota.In this study, myxomycetes, which have an important place in forest ecosystem, were determined. Myxomycetes act as saprophyte in the forest ecosystem. In this context, the myxomycet diversity of Selcen Mountain and its close environs was determined. This study has been made on the specimens which were obtained from 11 different station areas of Selcen Mountain and its close environs in 2011-2012. The samples were acquired from barks of trees, leaves and the materials of decayed trees. These materials were employed the Moist Chamber Culture and it was tried to develop myxomycetes sporophore. In addition myxomycetes were obtained from natural environment. As a result of field and laboratory studies 57 taxa belonging to 10 families and 21 genera were identified, and they were added to the Turkish Myxobiota.Bu çalışma 2011-2012 yılları arasında, Selcen Dağı ve yakın çevresini kapsayan 11 ayrı istasyondan toplanan numuneler üzerinde yapılmıştır. Örnekler ağaç kabukları, yaprak, çürümüş veya çürümemiş bitkisel materyallerden elde edilmiştir. Toplanan numunelere Nem Odası Tekniği uygulanmış ve miksomiset sporoforları geliştirilmeye çalışılmıştır. Ayrıca doğal ortamında gelişmiş olan miksomisetlerde toplanmıştır. Elde edilen örneklerden arazi ve laboratuvar çalışmaları sonucu 10 familyaya ait 21 cins toplam 57 takson tespit edilmiştir. Belirlenen taksonlar Türkiye Miksobiotasına ilave edilmiştirBu çalışma 2011-2012 yılları arasında, Selcen Dağı ve yakın çevresini kapsayan 11 ayrı istasyondan toplanan numuneler üzerinde yapılmıştır. Örnekler ağaç kabukları, yaprak, çürümüş veya çürümemiş bitkisel materyallerden elde edilmiştir. Toplanan numunelere Nem Odası Tekniği uygulanmış ve miksomiset sporoforları geliştirilmeye çalışılmıştır. Ayrıca doğal ortamında gelişmiş olan miksomisetlerde toplanmıştır. Elde edilen örneklerden arazi ve laboratuvar çalışmaları sonucu 10 familyaya ait 21 cins toplam 57 takson tespit edilmiştir. Belirlenen taksonlar Türkiye Miksobiotasına ilave edilmişti

Kastamonu İli çevresindeki Spalax leucodon Nordmann, 1840 (Mammalia: Rodentia) üsttürünün karyolojik ve bazı morfolojik özellikleri

Körfare Spalax leucodon Nordmann, 1840 üzerinde yapılan bu araştırmada Kastamonu çevresindeki 18 lokaliteden 98 örneğin karyolojisi ve morfolojisi incelendi. Kastamonu çevresinden incelenen körfare populasyonlarının 2n = 54, NF = 72; 2n = 56, NF = 74; 2n = 58, NF = 74; 2n =60, NF = 74 değerlerine sahip oldukları belirlendi. Bu karyolojik sonuçlara göre kromozom morfolojileri bakımından Kastamonu çevresinden belirlenen 2n = 56, 2n = 58 ve 2n = 60 kromozom sayıları Türkiye'deki Spalax leucodon için yeni değerlerdir. Bu populasyonların diploid kromozom sayıları Türkiye'den coğrafik olarak uzak bazı bölgelerde daha önce belirlendiği için bu çalışmada belirlenen değerleri aynı kromozom sayısına ancak farklı kromozom morfolojilerine sahip diğer formlardan ayırmak için 2n = 56N, 58N ve 60N olarak isimlendirildiler. t-testi analizleri sonucunda bütün kromozomal formların diploid kromozom sayıları yanında çok sayıda karakter ölçüsü bakımından da birbirlerinden ayrılabilmesi Spalax kromozomal formlarının ayrı biyolojik türler olarak değerlendirilmesi gerektiği şeklindeki yaklaşımı desteklemektedir.The karyotypes and morphology of 98 specimens of the subterranean mole rat Spalax leucodon Nordmann, 1840 across 18 localities in and around Kastamonu province were analysed. It was determined that S. leucodon has 2n = 54, NF = 72; 2n = 56, NF = 74; 2n = 58, NF = 74; 2n =60, NF = 74 in the populations from the Kastamonu region. According to these karyological findings based on chromosome morphology the diploid chromosome numbers of 2n = 56, 2n =58, and 2n = 60 determined here are new for Spalax leucodon in Turkey. Because diploid numbers of these populations were formerly found from geographically distant localities in Turkey, they were given as 2n = 56N, 58N, and 60N, to differentiate them from the other forms having the same diploid chromosome numbers but different chromosome morphology. As a result of t-test analysis, separation of all chromosomal forms from each other beside 2n values by many character measurements supported the opinion that each of the chromosomal forms of Spalax should be evaluated as good biological species

Chromosome Differentiation of Four 2n=50 Chromosomal Forms of Turkish Mole Rat, Nannospalax nehringi

Nannospalax is a genus of blind rodents adapted to living in underground. The species have numerous chromosomal forms in Turkey, and their taxonomic position is still unknown. In this study, 15 mole rats of four different 2n = 50 forms were used; C- and G- banding processes were applied; and a comparison was made accordingly. Karyological results showed that the 2n = 50S form is a new form for Turkish blind mole rats. 2n = 50S form is determined from Andirin (Kahramanmaras) and has NF = 70. The 2n = 50W form, on the other hand, differs from the others with NF = 74 form. C-banding results showed that heterochromatin blocks of all 2n = 50 are different, while only the 2n = 50W form has telomeric heterochromatin blocks. G-banding results, however, displayed homologies and differences among the chromosomal forms. After comparison, we determined that Robertsonian fusion is an efficient force on chromosomal evolution in blind mole rats in Turkey, and that telomeric heterochromatin is a distinctive character for the 2n = 50W form. We suggest that the chromosomal changing mechanism should be independent from climatic peculiarities. These results support the theory that ancestral karyotype should have the largest distribution in a chromosomally variable species

Two new cytotypes and additional karyological records for blind mole rats, Nannospalax xanthodon and N. ehrenbergi (Mammalia, Rodentia) in Turkey

Blind mole rats are model organisms for studies of chromosomal evolution, and have a variety of chromosomal forms in Turkey. This study was performed on subterranean mole rats of Nannospalax xanthodon (Satunin, 1898) and N. ehrenbergi (Nehring, 1898) in Turkey. Karyotypes of 63 specimens originating from 30 localities were analysed. Two new cytotypes with 2n = 54 from Adana and 2n = 56 from Karaman, two different populations of the cytotypes 2n = 54C and 2n = 58S, and four different chromosomal arm numbers of the 2n = 60 cytotype (NF = 74, 76, 78 and 80) were determined in N. xanthodon. The cytotypes characterized by 2n = 54, NF = 74 from Tufanbeyli and Saimbeyli in the Adana province (54S), and by 2n = 56, NF = 70 from Karaman (56K) are new for N. xanthodon in Turkey. A population of N. ehrenbergi from the Osmaniye province in southern Anatolia had a complement with 2n = 56, NF = 70. Additional karyological records for other cytotypes have extended their known distribution areas, and filled most karyological gaps in Turkey

Chromosome Differentiation of Four 2n=50 Chromosomal Forms of Turkish Mole Rat, Nannospalax nehringi

WOS: 000285462400010PubMed: 21186949Nannospalax is a genus of blind rodents adapted to living in underground. The species have numerous chromosomal forms in Turkey, and their taxonomic position is still unknown. In this study, 15 mole rats of four different 2n = 50 forms were used; C- and G- banding processes were applied; and a comparison was made accordingly. Karyological results showed that the 2n = 50S form is a new form for Turkish blind mole rats. 2n = 50S form is determined from Andirin (Kahramanmaras) and has NF = 70. The 2n = 50W form, on the other hand, differs from the others with NF = 74 form. C-banding results showed that heterochromatin blocks of all 2n = 50 are different, while only the 2n = 50W form has telomeric heterochromatin blocks. G-banding results, however, displayed homologies and differences among the chromosomal forms. After comparison, we determined that Robertsonian fusion is an efficient force on chromosomal evolution in blind mole rats in Turkey, and that telomeric heterochromatin is a distinctive character for the 2n = 50W form. We suggest that the chromosomal changing mechanism should be independent from climatic peculiarities. These results support the theory that ancestral karyotype should have the largest distribution in a chromosomally variable species.Zonguldak Karaelmas UniversityBulent Ecevit University [2004-13-06-08, 2008-13-06-01]; TUBITAKTurkiye Bilimsel ve Teknolojik Arastirma Kurumu (TUBITAK) [TBAG-106T225]This study was supported by Zonguldak Karaelmas University (Nr: 2004-13-06-08, 2008-13-06-01) and by TUBITAK (TBAG-106T225)

Cytotypes of Nannospalax xanthodon (Satunin, 1898) (Rodentia: Spalacidae) from western Anatolia

We performed this study on the subterranean mole rat Nannospalax xanthodon (Nehring, 1898) in western Turkey and we analyzed karyotypes of 121 specimens from 54 localities. We determined that N. xanthodon has 2n = 36, NF = 70; 2n = 38, NF = 74; 2n = 40, NF = 72; 2n = 50, NF = 70; 2n = 50, NF = 74; 2n = 52, NF = 70; 2n = 56, NF = 72; and 6 different cytotypes of 2n = 60, NF = 74, 76, 78, 80, 82, 84 in the specimens analyzed from western Turkey. We filled most of the karyological gaps in western Anatolia and documented distributional areas of cytotypes.We performed this study on the subterranean mole rat Nannospalax xanthodon (Nehring, 1898) in western Turkey and we analyzed karyotypes of 121 specimens from 54 localities. We determined that N. xanthodon has 2n = 36, NF = 70; 2n = 38, NF = 74; 2n = 40, NF = 72; 2n = 50, NF = 70; 2n = 50, NF = 74; 2n = 52, NF = 70; 2n = 56, NF = 72; and 6 different cytotypes of 2n = 60, NF = 74, 76, 78, 80, 82, 84 in the specimens analyzed from western Turkey. We filled most of the karyological gaps in western Anatolia and documented distributional areas of cytotypes

Cytotypes of Nannospalax xanthodon (Satunin, 1898) (Rodentia: Spalacidae) from western Anatolia

We performed this study on the subterranean mole rat Nannospalax xanthodon (Nehring, 1898) in western Turkey and we analyzed karyotypes of 121 specimens from 54 localities. We determined that N. xanthodon has 2n = 36, NF = 70; 2n = 38, NF = 74; 2n = 40, NF = 72; 2n = 50, NF = 70; 2n = 50, NF = 74; 2n = 52, NF = 70; 2n = 56, NF = 72; and 6 different cytotypes of 2n = 60, NF = 74, 76, 78, 80, 82, 84 in the specimens analyzed from western Turkey. We filled most of the karyological gaps in western Anatolia and documented distributional areas of cytotypes