Biodegradation of metalworking fluids

Call number: LD2668 .T4 1986 L437Master of ScienceChemical Engineerin

Effect of Fresh Azolla (Azolla pinnata) on Growth and Yield of TR8 Rice Variety under Reduced Nitrogen Rates

Nitrogen is required practically throughout the vegetative phase of rice especially during tillering and panicle initiation stage. Therefore, many synthetic fertilizers are required in rice cultivation. However, synthetic chemical fertilizers are extremely expensive. In addition, the use of chemical fertilizers has detrimental effects on the environment and human health over time. Thus, the use of Azolla as a biofertilizer can replenish nitrogen in the rice field. However, the effect of fresh Azolla in promoting TR8 rice variety growth and yield has not been reported. This experiment was conducted in the insect-proof rain shelter at the Faculty of Sustainable Agriculture, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Sandakan Campus, Sabah, from August until December 2022. The experiment was laid in a completely randomized design (CRD) for six treatments with five replications. The treatments used in this study were: T1: 60 kg ha-1 N, 30 kg ha-1 P2O5, 30 kg ha-1 K2O + 0% Azolla, T2: 50 kg ha-1 N, 30 kg ha-1 P2O5, 30 kg ha-1 K2O + 10% Azolla, T3: 40 kg ha-1 N, 30 kg ha-1 P2O5, 30 kg ha-1 K2O + 20% Azolla, T4: 30 kg ha-1 N, 30 kg ha-1 P2O5, 30 kg ha-1 K2O + 30% Azolla, T5: 20 kg ha-1 N, 30 kg ha-1 P2O5, 30 kg ha-1 K2O + 40% Azolla, T6: 100% Azolla (50 g). The rice plants were cultivated on the same planting medium of topsoil and goat dung with a ratio of 3:1. The plant height, number of tillers, panicle number per plant, spikelet number per panicle, grain weight per panicle and 1000 grain weight showed significant differences (p<0.05) among the treatments. Results revealed T4 recorded the highest number of tillers (41) compared to T6 (27, negative control) and T1 (32, positive control). There were 51% and 28% differences between T4 and T6 and T1, respectively. In addition, the T3 and T4 produced higher panicle number per plant (47%), spikelet number per panicle (9.4%), grain weight per panicle (27.1%) and 1000 grain weight (9%) compared to T6 (negative control), but showed a similar performance as T1 (positive control). Therefore, T4 is recommended for TR8 rice production with lower chemical fertilizer application with the addition of Azolla

Does design make a difference : an analysis of the conditions under which youth centers operate

Thesis (M.C.P.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Urban Studies and Planning, 2005.Includes bibliographical references (p. 125-126).This paper looks at youth centers, specifically Boston-based Boys & Girls Clubs, as neighborhood-scale enclosed public spaces. Due to the lower income and high-risk populations the Boys & Girls Clubs of America serves, these clubhouses serve as field subjects for scrutinizing what conditions must be present for youth centers, an age- specific community space, to function and serve their intended populations. A series of interviews with Boys & Girls Clubs staff-persons and youth and observational studies were conducted to analyze how the clubhouses are used in the Boston area. Physical clubhouse designs, as well as programs, policies, users and personnel were compared. These analyses have led to a number of conclusions and recommendations concerning the establishment and function of youth centers. The variables found to be in common or have some relationship to each other include architectural process and design, staff, programs, accessibility, bureaucracy, facilities, seasonal adaptability, and neighborhood risk. Overall, design concerning clubhouse interiors was found to make a significant difference in how youth centers work while exterior architecture did not.by Sarah Shin.M.C.P

A Reconfigurable Readout Integrated Circuit for Heterogeneous Display-Based Multi-Sensor Systems

This paper presents a reconfigurable multi-sensor interface and its readout integrated circuit (ROIC) for display-based multi-sensor systems, which builds up multi-sensor functions by utilizing touch screen panels. In addition to inherent touch detection, physiological and environmental sensor interfaces are incorporated. The reconfigurable feature is effectively implemented by proposing two basis readout topologies of amplifier-based and oscillator-based circuits. For noise-immune design against various noises from inherent human-touch operations, an alternate-sampling error-correction scheme is proposed and integrated inside the ROIC, achieving a 12-bit resolution of successive approximation register (SAR) of analog-to-digital conversion without additional calibrations. A ROIC prototype that includes the whole proposed functions and data converters was fabricated in a 0.18 ??m complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) process, and its feasibility was experimentally verified to support multiple heterogeneous sensing functions of touch, electrocardiogram, body impedance, and environmental sensors.ope

Efficient use of Ferrate(VI) in the remediation of aqueous solutions contaminated with potential micropollutants: Simultaneous removal of triclosan and amoxicillin

532-542Ferrate(VI) is a safer oxidant compared to the often used oxidant in various wastewater treatment plants since the ferrate(VI) is devoid with the generation of harmful by-products. Hence, the present study is aimed to obtain laboratory experimental data for the treatment of water adulterated with emerging micro-pollutant (triclosan and amoxicillin) using the ferrate(VI). The parametric studies enabled us to deduce the kinetics of ferrate(VI) removal. The molar stoichiometry of ferrate(VI) and micro-pollutant was obtained as 2:1. Further, the mineralization of triclosan and amoxicillin is obtained which further enhances the applicability of ferrate(VI) in the waste water treatment. The simultaneous removal of these two pollutants (triclosan and amoxicillin) are extensively studied using the ferrate(VI). Moreover, the pH dependent degradation using ferrate(VI) is enabled to deduce the mechanism of removal. Additionally, the real matrix samples using the natural spring water (Tuikhur water) spiked with these micro-pollutants showed that the ferrate(VI) efficiency is almost unaffected at least in the removal of these two micro-pollutants. This showed the selectivity of the ferrate(VI) in the treatment process

Removal of emerging micropollutants from water using hybrid material precursor to natural sericite clay

602-610The occurrence of a wide range of micropollutants in natural aquatic environment has been reported in different parts of the world. These compounds are harmful for the aquatic life and human beings. Diclofenac and clofibric acid are the two common toxic micropollutants due to very large production and high consumption by humans. The present communication addresses the removal of diclofenac and clofibric acid from aqueous solutions using the hybrid material obtained by incorporating 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTES) onto the activated sericite clay. Initially, sericte clay was treated for activation and further modified with organosilane to obtain hybrid material. The materials were characterized using SEM, BET surface area, XRD, and FT-IR analyses. SEM and BET surface area analyses showed that the textural property of sericite clay was greatly changed after activation and the surface area was immensely increased from 3.65 to 62.92 m2/g. The organosilane was anchored on the activated clay and confirmed with FTIR analysis. Batch adsorption experiments showed that the diclofenac and clofibric acid removal is maximum at pH 6.0 to 7.0 and the adsorption of these two micropollutants were observed to be very fast and the time dependent adsorption data were best fitted to pseudo-second order kinetic model. The maximum adsorption capacity of diclofenac and clofibric acid using APTES-sericite hybrid material was found to be 1.868 and 1.749 mg/g, respectively. Furthermore, the loading capacities of the column packed with APTES-sericite hybrid material were found to be 0.789 and 1.095 mg/g. Therefore, this study indicated that the APTES-sericite hybrid material must be an useful material for the effective removal of diclofenac and clofibric acid from aqueous waste