Soil P Availability in Neutral and Alkaline Soils

The availability of soil P for plant growth depends on equilibrium reaction between several P forms in the soils, such as soil soluble, labile, non-labile, as well as organic P. The research that aimed to study soil P availability, form, and sorption, as well as soil properties that affect on P availability in neutral and alkaline soils was conducted in Soil Testing Laboratory, Indonesian Soil Research Institute using 91 topsoil samples (0-20 cm) which have pH neutral-alkaline taken from Java. The samplesconsisted of Inceptisols (13 samples), Vertisols (47 samples), and Alfisols (31 samples). Soil properties analyzed were soil pH H2O (1:5), clay content (pipette), organic-C (Kjeldahl), exch. Ca and Mg (NH4OAc 1 N pH=7), exch. Al (KCl 1 N), and P (HCl 25%, Olsen, and Bray I). Soil P fractionation and sorption were determined using Kuo (1996) and Fox and Kamprath (1970) procedures respectively. The result showed that according to HCl 25%, Olsen, and Bray I extractions, the availability of soil P among the soils was in order of Inceptisols > Vertisols > Alfisols. Whereas the soil P forms in tested soils was in order of residual-P > Ca-P > (Fe+Al)-P > organic-P. Buffering capacity, maximum sorption, as well as bonding energy constant of soil P was in order of Inceptisols > Vertisols > Alfisols. Furthermore, soil properties that effected significantly on the variables of soil P availability were soil clay content, organic-C, and exch. Mg in Inceptisols; clay content and organic-C in Vertisols; as well aspH, clay content, and exch. Ca in Alfisols

Temporal and Seasonal Variation of Sediment Movement in the Terraced Paddy Fields System

Temporal and seasonal variation of sediment movement in terraced paddy fields has been studied at Keji Village, in Semarang District for the Wet Season 2003-04 and the Dry Season 2004. Twelve terraced paddy fields with different number and size of terraces were used in this research,corresponding to four treatments and three replications. Terraces were flat, different in size, and descending to the river. The objective was to study the temporal and seasonal variations of sediment movement during rice growth in the wet season and the dry season. Measurements were conducted in the four treatments being tested including Farmer Practices, Farmer Practices + Rice Straw, Improved Technology, and Improved Technology + Rice Straw. Sampling and measuring of irrigation water discharge and suspended sediment were carried out at puddling, before planting, vegetative stage, and at generative stage. The highest temporal discharge as well as sediment concentration of irrigation water and suspended sediment both in wet and dry seasons were observed at the puddling stage and significantly different with the following rice growth stages. In contrast, the lowest temporal discharge and sediment concentration were found at the vegetative stage. Seasonal discharge and sediment concentration of irrigation water and suspended sediment in wet season were higher than in dry season. The highest incoming and outgoing sediments both in wet and dry season were observed at the vegetative stage and significantly different at generative stage, planting and puddling. The amount of seasonal incoming sediment were 4,422 ± 361 and 1,779 ± 126 kg ha-1 and the outgoing sediment were 3,345 ± 258 and 1,400 ± 113 kg ha-1 for the wet season 2003-04 and dry season 2004, respectively. The surplus of incoming sediment by outgoing sediment demonstrates the environmental services provided by terraced paddy fields system

The Decrease of Anxiety in Secsio Sesaria Mother with "Sayang Bunda" Model

Introduction: Mother with secsio sesaria will find an problem, both a physical and psychological problems. A psychological problem that often happen in mother with secsio sesaria is an Anxiety problem. The aimed of this study was to know the effectiveness of "SAYANG BUNDA" in reducing the anxiety of seccio caesaria mother. Method: Quasy Experimental Pretest-Postest with contol group design was used in this study. The population in this study was mother with electif sectio sesaria who pregnant examinated in Darmo Hospital, William Both Hospital, Suwandi Hospital, Bunda Hospital and Darus Syifa' Hospital of Surabaya. Total sample was 60 people divided into 30 of intervention group and 30 of control. The samples was taken by Quota sampling. The effectiveness of "SAYANG BUNDA" to decrease anxiety was analyzed by using t test (independent samples t-test). Result: The Results of homogeneity test found that between control and intervention groups were homogeneous (p ≥ 0.05). The results of this study indicate that there were signi fi cant differences on anxiety between control and intervention group (p = 0.00), the control group had an average higher anxiety than the intervention group after getting "SAYANG BUNDA". Similarly to the level of anxiety, anxiety levels decreased after getting "SAYANG BUNDA" (p = 0.018). Discussion: "SAYANG BUNDA" effective for reducing anxiety in women with secsio sesaria. The implication of this study is health education with "SAYANG BUNDA" can be applied to mothers with planned elective cesarean section at the time of antenatal education

Kualitas Buah Tomat Pada Pertanaman Dengan Mulsa Plastik Berbeda

. Setyorini, D., D. Indradewa, and E. Sulistyaningsih. 2009. Fruit Quality of Tomato Planted inDifferent Plastic Mulch. Environment conditions is one of important factor that may affect plant growth. Modificationof environment conditions will not only affect plant growth, but also fruit quality. This study was carried out in TheExperimental Garden and Horticultural Laboratory of College of Agriculture, Gadjah Mada University. The experimentwas set up in a randomize block design with 5 levels of treatments (plastic mulch color) and 4 replications. Parameterobserved were fruit number per plant, damaged fruit per plot, fruit weight, diameter and length of fruit, fruit firmness,coefficient of fruit ripening, total soluble solid, vitamin C, and dominant acid. The results showed that the color ofplastic mulch had a specific effect on tomatoes fruit quality parameter. The use of red plastic mulch reduce thepercentage of damage fruits but decreased the coefficient of fruit ripening. The blue plastic mulch had a significanteffect on increase fruit firmnes. Meanwhile, the silvery black plastic mulch could increase the dominant acid contentthat was suitable for growing processing tomatoes

Kohesi Gramatikal dan Kohesi Leksikal dalam Cerita Anak Berjudul Buku Mini Dea Karya Watiek Ideo dan Yuli Rahmawati

Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian deskriptif. Adapun data dalam penelitian ini adalah data-data kualitatif berupa kata, frase, klausa, atau kalimat dalam bentuk kohesi leksikal dan gramatikal dalam cerpen Buku Mini Dea Karya Watiek Ideo dan Yuli Rahmawati. Sumber data dalam penelitian ini adalah wacana cerpen Buku Mini Dea Karya Watiek Ideo dan Yuli Rahmawati. Teknik yang digunakan untuk mengumpulkan data dalam penelitian ini adalah teknik dokumentasi. Teknik pengolahan data dalam penelitian ini menggunakan analisa kualitatif. Hasil dan pembahasan menunjukan bahwa cerpen yang berjudul Buku Mini Dea karya Watiek Ideo dan Yuli Rahmawati ditemukan adanya kohesi gramatikal dan kohesi leksikal. Kohesi gramatikal yang ditemukan adalah substitusi (penggantian), konjungsi subordinatif cara, konjungsi subordinatif sebab, referensi personal, referensi anafora, referensi demonstratif, konjungsi koordinatif, konjungsi subordinatif, konjungsi antar kalimat. Kohesi leksikal yang ditemukan adalah repetisi epistrofa dan antonim

Adsorpsi logam timbal dalam limbah elektroplating dengan sekam padi

Limbah Elektroplating merupakan salah satu limbah yang banyak mengandung logam logam berat yang sangat berbahaya bagi lingkungan. Limbah ini masih mengandung logam timbal (Pb) yang sangat tinggi, sehingga sebelum dibuang perlu dilakukan pengolahan. Salah satu cara pengolahannya adalah dengan proses adsorbsi dengan menggunakan sekam padi. Sekam padi sebelum dipakai direndam terlebih dahulu dengan menggunakan NaOH 3% selama 3 hari. Setelah itu dicuci, dieringkan dan di hancurkan sampai ukuran 40 mesh. Air limbah mula mula dengan kandungan Pb 10,766 mg/l dicampur dengan sekam padi kemudian diaduk dengan kecepatan dan waktu tertentu. Kemudian disaring dan filtratnya dianalisa kandungan Pb. Peubah yang di tetapkan adalah volume airlimbah 200ml, kecepatan pengadukan 250 rpm, ukuran sekam padi 40 mesh, pH =5,5. Sedangkan peubah dilakukan dalam penelitian ini adlah berat sekam ( 2-10 gram ). Hasil penelitian menunjukan hasil baikterjadi pada pemakaian sekam sebanyak 10 gram, waktu kontak 45 menit, dengan % Adsorbsi logam Pb sebesar 95,24% Kata kunci : air limbah elektroplating, sekam padi, timbal,adsorbsi

Efektivitas Pelatihan Keterampilan Kualitas Pelayanan Terhadap Kualitas Pelayanan Front Liners PT. Perusahaan Listrik Negara (Pln) Kota Ambon

Salah satu faktor yang menentukan keberhasilan suatu oganisasi atau Perusahaan adalah kemampuan organisasi atau Perusahaan dalam memberikan pelayanan yang terbaik untuk pelanggan-pelanggannya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan perilaku kualitas pelayanan pada front liners PT. PLN Kota Ambon dalam melayani pelanggan. Metode penelitian dalam penelitian ini menggunakan quasi eksperiment dengan onegroup pretest postes desain. Materi pelatihan yang diberikan meliputi lima aspek kualitas pelayanan menurut Parasuraman (1985) yaitu aspek empati, bukti fisik, daya tanggap, jaminan dan keandalan. Pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini menggunakan skala perilaku kualitas pelayanan, tes pengetahuan kualitas pelayanan dan lembar evaluasi reaksi. Data yang terkumpul dianalisis menggunakan analisis kuantitatif dengan wilcoxon t-test. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya peningkatan perilaku kualitas pelayanan yang sangat signifikan antara sebelum dan sesudah mengikuti pelatihan, kualitas pelayanan mengalami peningkatan dengan nilai z = -4,288 ; p = 0 (p>0,01)