112 research outputs found
TJ-17 (Goreisan) mitigates renal fibrosis in a mouse model of folic acid-induced chronic kidney disease
Background and purpose: TJ-17 (Goreisan), a traditional Japanese Kampo medicine, has been generally used to treat edema, such as heart failure, due to its diuretic effect. In the present study, we investigate the effects of TJ-17 on chronic kidney disease (CKD).
Methods: We the preventive action of TJ-17 against acute kidney injury (AKI) transition to CKD in vivo using a folic acid (FA)-induced mouse model. Mice were treated with food containing TJ-17 at 48 h after FA intraperitoneal injection (AKI phase).
Results: Histological analysis, as well as renal function and renal injury markers, deteriorated in mice with FA-induced CKD and were ameliorated by TJ-17 treatment. Increased levels of inflammatory cytokines and macrophage infiltration were also alleviated in mice treated with TJ-17. Renal fibrosis, a crucial factor in CKD, was induced by FA administration and inhibited by TJ-17 treatment. Pretreatment with TJ-17 did not exert an inhibitory effect on FA-induced AKI. The increase in urinary volume in FA-induced CKD mice was ameliorated by TJ-17 treatment, with a concurrent correction of reduced aquaporins expression in the kidney.
Conclusion: TJ-17 may have a novel preventive effect against inflammation, oxidative stress, and fibrosis, contributing to innovation in the treatment of CKD
Pre-DECIGO can get the smoking gun to decide the astrophysical or cosmological origin of GW150914-like binary black holes
Pre-DECIGO consists of three spacecraft arranged in an equilateral triangle
with 100km arm lengths orbiting 2000km above the surface of the earth. It is
hoped that the launch date will be in the late 2020s.
Pre-DECIGO has one clear target: binary black holes (BBHs) like GW150914 and
GW151226. Pre-DECIGO can detect BBH mergers up to
redshift . The cumulative event rate is in the Pop III origin model of BBHs like GW150914, and it
saturates at , while in the primordial BBH (PBBH) model, the
cumulative event rate is at
even if only of the dark matter consists of PBHs, and it is
still increasing at . In the Pop I/II model of BBHs, the cumulative event
rate is and it saturates at . We present the requirements on orbit accuracy, drag free techniques, laser
power, frequency stability, and interferometer test mass. For BBHs like
GW150914 at 1Gpc, SNR is achieved with the definition of Pre-DECIGO in
the Hz band. Pre-DECIGO can measure the mass spectrum and the
-dependence of the merger rate to distinguish various models of BBHs like
GW150914.
Pre-DECIGO can also predict the direction of BBHs at with an accuracy
of and a merging time accuracy of s at about a
day before the merger so that ground-based GW detectors further developed at
that time as well as electromagnetic follow-up observations can prepare for the
detection of merger in advance. For intermediate mass BBHs at a large redshift
, the QNM frequency after the merger can be within the Pre-DECIGO band
so that the ringing tail can also be detectable to confirm the Einstein theory
of general relativity with SNR.
[abridged]Comment: 17 pages, 10 figures, added some references, modifications to match
the published version in PTE
Electronic and Magnetic Phase Diagram of a Superconductor, SmFeAsO1-xFx
A crystallographic and magnetic phase diagram of SmFeAsO1-xFx is determined
as a function of x in terms of temperature based on electrical transport and
magnetization, synchrotron powder x-ray diffraction, 57Fe Mossbauer spectra
(MS), and 149Sm nuclear resonant forward scattering (NRFS) measurements. MS
revealed that the magnetic moments of Fe were aligned antiferromagnetically at
~144 K (TN(Fe)). The magnetic moment of Fe (MFe) is estimated to be 0.34
myuB/Fe at 4.2 K for undoped SmFeAsO; MFe is quenched in superconducting
F-doped SmFeAsO. 149Sm NRFS spectra revealed that the magnetic moments of Sm
start to order antiferromagnetically at 5.6 K (undoped) and 4.4 K (TN(Sm)) (x =
0.069). Results clearly indicate that the antiferromagnetic Sm sublattice
coexists with the superconducting phase in SmFeAsO1-xFx below TN(Sm), while
antiferromagnetic Fe sublattice does not coexist with the superconducting
phase.Comment: Accepted in New Journal of Physic
Understanding camouflaging, stigma, and mental health for autistic people in Japan Running head: Autism and camouflaging, stigma, and mental health
Background: Camouflaging refers to behaviors in which autistic individuals mask their autistic characteristics and “pass” as non-autistic people. It is postulated that camouflaging is a response to stigma, and preliminary evidence supports this hypothesis. However, research on this topic outside of Western countries is limited. This study replicated and extended previous work in the West that examined the relationships between camouflaging, stigma, and mental health of autistic adults, with a Japanese sample. Methods: Two-hundred eighty-seven autistic people living in Japan (146 men, 120 women, 14 non-binary, 5 other gender identities, 2 preferred not to say; mean age = 37.5 years, standard deviation = 9.8 years) completed an online survey on camouflaging, perceived stigma, coping strategies for stigma, mental well-being, generalized anxiety, social anxiety, and depression. We used hierarchical multiple regression analyses to investigate the relationships between camouflaging and stigma and coping strategies for stigma. Mediation analyses were also employed to examine whether camouflaging mediated the relationships between stigma and autistic people’s mental health. Results: Replicating previous work, we found that higher camouflaging was associated with higher perceived stigma. Both coping strategies of hiding/denying and valuing/embracing stigmatized characteristics were positively related to camouflaging. Camouflaging mediated the association of stigma with depression, generalized anxiety, and social anxiety (but not well-being). Conclusion: Our findings support the hypothesis that camouflaging is closely related to autism-related stigma and can influence the impact of stigma on mental health. More work around social outreach and addressing autism-related stigma would be beneficial to reduce the negative role of camouflaging.Output Status: Forthcomin
Formal total syntheses of classic natural product target molecules via palladium-catalyzed enantioselective alkylation
Pd-catalyzed enantioselective alkylation in conjunction with further synthetic elaboration enables the formal total syntheses of a number of “classic” natural product target molecules. This publication highlights recent methods for setting quaternary and tetrasubstituted tertiary carbon stereocenters to address the synthetic hurdles encountered over many decades across multiple compound classes spanning carbohydrate derivatives, terpenes, and alkaloids. These enantioselective methods will impact both academic and industrial settings, where the synthesis of stereogenic quaternary carbons is a continuing challenge
Understanding camouflaging, stigma, and mental health for autistic people in Japan Running head: Autism and camouflaging, stigma, and mental health
Background: Camouflaging refers to behaviors in which autistic individuals mask their autistic characteristics and “pass” as non-autistic people. It is postulated that camouflaging is a response to stigma, and preliminary evidence supports this hypothesis. However, research on this topic outside of Western countries is limited. This study replicated and extended previous work in the West that examined the relationships between camouflaging, stigma, and mental health of autistic adults, with a Japanese sample. Methods: Two-hundred eighty-seven autistic people living in Japan (146 men, 120 women, 14 non-binary, 5 other gender identities, 2 preferred not to say; mean age = 37.5 years, standard deviation = 9.8 years) completed an online survey on camouflaging, perceived stigma, coping strategies for stigma, mental well-being, generalized anxiety, social anxiety, and depression. We used hierarchical multiple regression analyses to investigate the relationships between camouflaging and stigma and coping strategies for stigma. Mediation analyses were also employed to examine whether camouflaging mediated the relationships between stigma and autistic people’s mental health. Results: Replicating previous work, we found that higher camouflaging was associated with higher perceived stigma. Both coping strategies of hiding/denying and valuing/embracing stigmatized characteristics were positively related to camouflaging. Camouflaging mediated the association of stigma with depression, generalized anxiety, and social anxiety (but not well-being). Conclusion: Our findings support the hypothesis that camouflaging is closely related to autism-related stigma and can influence the impact of stigma on mental health. More work around social outreach and addressing autism-related stigma would be beneficial to reduce the negative role of camouflaging
A case of esophageal cancer with mesojejunal lymph node metastasis after total gastrectomy
A 56-year-old man was diagnosed with esophageal cancer by upper gastrointestinal endoscopy for examination of dysphagia. The patient had undergone total gastrectomy and jejunal interposition 4 years previously for a gastric cancer at the pT1N0M0 stage according to the UICC-TNM classification. Enhanced CT findings revealed a 3-cm-diameter mass located near the superior mesenteric artery. We conducted subtotal esophagectomy associated with partial jejunectomy including mesojejunectomy. The mass was histologically diagnosed to be mesojejunal lymph node metastasis from esophageal cancer. Mesojejunal lymph node metastasis from esophageal cancer developing after total gastrectomy has been reported in only three cases including ours. The present lymph node metastases may have occurred via the newly developed lymphatic drainage route through the esophagojejunostomy, and this metastatic lymph node can be considered the regional lymph node. Therefore, resection of the interposed jejunal limb with mesojejunectomy may be rational in surgery on esophageal cancer developing after total gastrectomy
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