The Arab Spring: Membaca Kronologi Dan Faktor Penyebabnya

The Arab States has faced political turbulence since January 0f 2011. This political event began by suicide action from a youth named Mohammed Bouazizi (Tunisia)until it spread to the other states such as Egypt, Syria, and the like. The political event became the beginning of the people power to fight against dictator regime in most of the Arab States. The rise of the people power succeeded to end the power of some tyrannical regimes, beginning from Tunisia, Zein Al-Abidin Ben Ali, followed by the end of Mubarak's regime in Egypt, Syria still having political turbulence until now in order to overthrow Bashar al-Assad's regime, and some other Arab States which can't be irrespective from the political turbulence. This political event is called “The Arab Spring”, that is the coming of the hope for the better life with a democratic system. This writing tries to discuss chronology of that event and also tries to find out factors becoming cause of the political turbulence

Questioning Corporate Criminal Liability and Criminal Abolition in the Anti-Corruption Law According to the Bill of Indonesian Criminal Code

As a “lex generalis”, matters that are not regulated shall refer to the Bill of Indonesian Criminal Code. Whereas the stipulations within the Bill of Indonesian Criminal Code are not yet mature in manifesting corporate criminal liability. The problem raised in this thesis is on the status quo of corporate criminal liability in the Anti-Corruption Law in Article 49 and 50 of the Bill of Indonesian Criminal Code and its prospects in the future. The result of this thesis is that the formulation of Article 49 results in overlapping criminal liability, thus it is necessary to see whether there is independence in giving commands. Meanwhile, Article 50 related to criminal abolition applied to corporations cannot be equated with persons so it requires to be further formulated in detail

Dietary Free Glutamine Supplementation to Increase Physiological Responses and Survival Rate of Clown Loach Juvenile, Chromobotia Macracanthus Bleeker, 1852

Clown loach Chromobotia macracanthus is one of Indonesian native species and as a key species for ornamental aquaculture. The problem in mass production of this species are the low of growth rate which causes a long period of rearing and low of survival rate. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate free glutamine supplementation at different doses in diet to increase physiological response, growth performance and survival rate of clown loach. Expe-rimental diets contained four different free glutamine levels, viz 0, 1, 2 and 3%. These diets were given to six repli-cate groups of 50 juvenile clown loaches. The fish were reared in each aquarium with dimensions of 40×30×30 cm3 for 60 days. Fish were fed four times a day at satiation. Parameters observed including intestinal glutamine concen-tration, villous and intestinal morphometry, intestinal protease activity, feed efficiency, nutrient retention, growth performance, survival rate, superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, and malondialdehyde (MDA). The results showed that supplementation of 1% free glutamine significantly affected the morphometry of villi. The length and surface area of villi at a dose of 1% showed the highest values i.e., 320.44 ± 10.39 μm and 27,046.79 ± 250.54 μm2, respect-ively. The 1% dose also had a significant effect on protease activity (13.57 ± 1.92 mg units of protein-1) compared to the 0% dose. The 2% dose showed the highest SOD activity (0.82 ± 0.07 mg protein-1 unit) and the lowest MDA level was found at a dose of 3% (0.25 ± 0.02 nmol mg protein-1). Feed consumption with the supplementation of free glutamine has a significant effect on survival rate with the highest value reached 97.00 ± 1.00%, but no significant effect on intestinal morphometry, feed efficiency, nutrient retention and growth performance. Dietary with the sup-plementation of free glutamine is not able to improve growth performance, but can improve the physiological res-ponse and survival rate

Tantangan Kroasia Menjadi Anggota Uni Eropa

As the biggest and the most integrated regional organization, European Union attracts the non-members to join them. Croatia is one of the attracted countries. Croatia applied for European Union membership in 2003, and was given the status of candidate country in 2004. In order to become one of the members, Croatia needed to face two challenges. They were Acquis Communautaire adoption and European Union members� acceptance, including Slovenia, with whom Croatia had disputes. This thesis will elaborate those challenges as focus issues while depicting Croatia�s accession process