Performance of cashew types under Bhubaneswar condition

An experiment was conducted at the Cashew Research Station of Orissa University of Agriculture and Technology, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India during 1994 to 2011 to identify the cashew types for commercial cultivation under Odisha condition. Evaluation of the 13 cashew types over fourteen years revealed significant variations for nut yield among the types. The result indicated a wide range of variation for different parameters under study. The maximum average number of nuts panicle-1 was recorded in H 303 (4.19). Highest weight (g) of nut as well as apple was observed in H 367 (9.7 and 92.7). All the cashew types under study exhibited shelling percentage more than 28 but maximum kernel recovery was observed in H 255 (31.7). BPP 30/1 and M44/3 were the early flowering types that recorded panicle initiation during 4th week of November, whereas NRCC Sel.-1 and H 255 were late flowering types that flowered during first week of January. The flowering period ended first in M 15/4 (1st week February) while it was during 3rd week of March in H 255 and BPP 3/28. Maximum flowering duration was observed in BPP 30/1 (96 days) and minimum in NRCC Sel.-2 (59 days). The cumulative nut yield (kg plant-1) at 14th harvest was observed in H 303 (106.8) followed by NRCC Sel.-2 (100.0), H 68 (93.1) and lowest in M 15/4 (37.5)

Comparative Molecular Analysis of Gastrointestinal Adenocarcinomas

We analyzed 921 adenocarcinomas of the esophagus, stomach, colon, and rectum to examine shared and distinguishing molecular characteristics of gastrointestinal tract adenocarcinomas (GIACs). Hypermutated tumors were distinct regardless of cancer type and comprised those enriched for insertions/deletions, representing microsatellite instability cases with epigenetic silencing of MLH1 in the context of CpG island methylator phenotype, plus tumors with elevated single-nucleotide variants associated with mutations in POLE. Tumors with chromosomal instability were diverse, with gastroesophageal adenocarcinomas harboring fragmented genomes associated with genomic doubling and distinct mutational signatures. We identified a group of tumors in the colon and rectum lacking hypermutation and aneuploidy termed genome stable and enriched in DNA hypermethylation and mutations in KRAS, SOX9, and PCBP1. Liu et al. analyze 921 gastrointestinal (GI) tract adenocarcinomas and find that hypermutated tumors are enriched for insertions/deletions, upper GI tumors with chromosomal instability harbor fragmented genomes, and a group of genome-stable colorectal tumors are enriched in mutations in SOX9 and PCBP1

Surface waves in non-homogeneous, general magnetothermo, viscoelastic media of higher order

The aim of the present paper is to investigate surface waves in a non-homogeneous, isotropic, visco-elastic solid medium of n-th order including the time rate of strain. The theory of generalised surface waves has firstly been developed and then it has been employed to investigate particular cases of waves, viz., Stoneley, Rayleigh and Love type. The wave velocity equations have been obtained for different cases and are in well agreement with the corresponding classical result, when the effects of viscosity, temperature, magnetism as well as nonhomogeneity of the material medium are ignored

Hsp70 modulates immune response in pancreatic cancer through dendritic cells

Heat shock protein 70 (Hsp70), a protein chaperone, is known to promote cell survival and tumor progression. However, its role in the tumor microenvironment (TME) is largely unknown. We specifically evaluated Hsp70 in the TME by implanting tumors in wild-type (WT) controls or Hsp70 −/- animals, thus creating a TME with or without Hsp70. Loss of Hsp70 led to significantly smaller tumors; there were no differences in stromal markers, but interestingly, depletion of CD8 + T-cells abrogated this tumor suppressive effect, indicating that loss of Hsp70 in the TME affects tumor growth through the immune cells. Compared to WT, adoptive transfer of Hsp70 −/- splenocytes exhibited greater antitumor activity in immunodeficient NSG and Rag 1 −/- mice. Hsp70 −/- dendritic cells showed increased expression of MHCII and TNF-α both in vitro and in vivo. These results suggest that the absence of Hsp70 in the TME inhibits tumors through increased dendritic cell activation. Hsp70 inhibition in DCs may emerge as a novel therapeutic strategy against pancreatic cancer