The Essential Volatile Oils for the Treatment of Candida infections

The use of plant extracts and especially essential oils is a traditional medicine method that is many centuries and even millenniums old. We summarized and analyzed the effects of some essential oils or their extracts on Candida fungal strains and the methods used in testing antifungal in laboratories. The use of such essential oils in laboratory experiments showed considerable therapeutic results and antifungal effects on different Candida strains. The modern medicine, reconsider it in order to use it as an alternative to the antimycotic medication in fungal infections. The newest research demonstrated that these natural origin substances can be used with success in many cases of fungal infections

THE EXTREMELY HALOPHILIC MICROORGANISMS, A POSSIBLE MODEL FOR LIFE ON OTHER PLANETS

Abstract The group of halophilic Archaea was discovered in the beginning of XX th century. They are able to live in more than 2-3 M of sodium chloride concentration that can be found in hypersaline natural lakes, in alkaline saline lakes, in man-made hypersaline mats, in rock salt, in very salted foods, on salted fish, on salted hides, in stromatolites, in saline soils. Their adaptations consist in resistance to high ionic contents with internal accumulation of K ions in order to face high Na ion content from the near environment. They belong to the Halobacteriaceae family. Their adaptation and their resistance to UV radiation and their resistance in oligotrophic conditions in rock salt, apparently over geological times, increase the possibility to find similar microorganisms in the Martian subsurface and in meteorites, and to support the panspermia theory. Some of the research of a working group in this field of activity and their possible uses are shortly reviewed here

Life / Halophilic archaea : life with desiccation, radiation and oligotrophy over geological times

Halophilic archaebacteria (Haloarchaea) can survive extreme desiccation, starvation and radiation, sometimes apparently for millions of years. Several of the strategies that are involved appear specific for Haloarchaea (for example, the formation of halomucin, survival in fluid inclusions of halite), and some are known from other prokaryotes (dwarfing of cells, reduction of ATP). Several newly-discovered haloarchaeal strategies that were inferred to possibly promote long-term survivalhalomucin, polyploidy, usage of DNA as a phosphate storage polymer, production of spherical dormant stagesremain to be characterized in detail. More information on potential strategies is desirable, since evidence for the presence of halite on Mars and on several moons in the solar system increased interest in halophiles with respect to the search for extraterrestrial life. This review deals in particular with novel findings and hypotheses on haloarchaeal long-term survival.(VLID)182925

Adaption of Microbial Life to Environmental ExtremesNovel Research Results and Application /

XII, 284 p.online resource

Control methods of Botrytis cinerea

Title: Control methods of Botrytis cinerea Authors & Affiliation: Sergiu Fendrihan, Marian Lixandru, Sorina Dinu Laboratory of Useful Organisms, Research Development Institute for Plant Protection, Ion Ionescu de la Brad no 8, s. 1, Bucharest, ROMANIA [email protected] ABSTRACT: Botrytis cinerea, the agent of gray mold, are attacking more of 200 plant species and produce losses in postharvest products. Methods of control of this damaging fungus are reviewed in this article. Copper derived products are used and organic fungicide of few kind (boscalid, bezimidazole, carbendazim, propiconazole, and so on) as spray, some inorganic pesticide ZnO as nanoparticles. Organic natural derived substances produced by fungi Penicillium brasilianum Trichoderma, and bacteria Paenibacillus sp., can be use against Botrytis. The most interesting idea is the use of antagonists (bacteria and fungi) in biological control. Key words: grey mold, chemical methods, copper sulphate, fungicides, biological control methods. URL: http://www.ijlst.org/Home/papers-published/ijlst-2018-volume-11-issue-

Evaluation of the LIVE/DEAD BacLight Kit for Detection of Extremophilic Archaea and Visualization of Microorganisms in Environmental Hypersaline Samples

Extremophilic archaea were stained with the LIVE/DEAD BacLight kit under conditions of high ionic strength and over a pH range of 2.0 to 9.3. The reliability of the kit was tested with haloarchaea following permeabilization of the cells. Microorganisms in hypersaline environmental samples were detectable with the kit, which suggests its potential application to future extraterrestrial halites

Responses of Haloarchaea to Simulated Microgravity

Various effects of microgravity on prokaryotes have been recognized in recent years, with the focus on studies of pathogenic bacteria. No archaea have been investigated yet with respect to their responses to microgravity. For exposure experiments on spacecrafts or on the International Space Station, halophilic archaea (haloarchaea) are usually embedded in halite, where they accumulate in fluid inclusions. In a liquid environment, these cells will experience microgravity in space, which might influence their viability and survival. Two haloarchaeal strains, Haloferax mediterranei and Halococcus dombrowskii, were grown in simulated microgravity (SMG) with the rotary cell culture system (RCCS, Synthecon). Initially, salt precipitation and detachment of the porous aeration membranes in the RCCS were observed, but they were avoided in the remainder of the experiment by using disposable instead of reusable vessels. Several effects were detected, which were ascribed to growth in SMG: Hfx. mediterranei's resistance to the antibiotics bacitracin, erythromycin, and rifampicin increased markedly; differences in pigmentation and whole cell protein composition (proteome) of both strains were noted; cell aggregation of Hcc. dombrowskii was notably reduced. The results suggest profound effects of SMG on haloarchaeal physiology and cellular processes, some of which were easily observable and measurable. This is the first report of archaeal responses to SMG. The molecular mechanisms of the effects induced by SMG on prokaryotes are largely unknown; haloarchaea could be used as nonpathogenic model systems for their elucidation and in addition could provide information about survival during lithopanspermia (interplanetary transport of microbes inside meteorites). Key Words: Haloferax mediterranei—Halococcus dombrowskii—Simulated microgravity—Rotary cell culture system—Antibiotic resistance—Lithopanspermia. Astrobiology 11, 199–205