Adaptation to Digitalization in Supply Chain Management

Abstract- The purpose of the study was to find out the possibilities of adapting states to global trends in the digital transformation of the main spheres of life for survival and development in an emerging multi-polar world. The work was done as part of a grant from the Russian Foundation for Basic Research and discloses the results of the initial stage of its implementation. Our task was to develop a conceptual vision for solving the problems of adapting states to global trends in digital transformation and to justify the mechanisms for its implementation in practice. Information for the study was compiled from scientific literature, the Internet, statistical reports, and other open sources available for use. In the theoretical part of the study, we needed to clarify such concepts as “digitalization in supply chain management ” and “adaptation”, justify the manifestation of their basic functions, identify and describe such new global trends in digitalization in supply chain management  that affect adaptation, as the dominant role of states in this issue over other participants in digital transformations; their massive, comprehensive nature, high speed and irreversibility of digital transformation; recognition of intellectual capital as the undivided dominant power of digital transformation and the displacement of cultural and spiritual factors of human development into the background. Contrary to expectations, we came to the conclusion that the adaptation of states to the global trends of digital transformation in the main areas of life is facilitated by the timely identification, understanding of global changes and the implementation of strategies for adapting institutions, business entities, the population and society to future changes using special rules, mechanisms and decisions set out in the paper. The recommendations arising from this study can be applied at the state and interstate levels of government when developing strategies, programs, regulatory documents, regulations and standards governing adaptation to digitalization in supply chain management. They are useful for business corporations and public organizations which professional interests extend to solving the problems of socialization and adaptation of people, taking into account the diversity of cultures and national identity of citizens

EVALUATION OF THE EFFECTIVENESS OF RING THERMAL INSULATION FOR PROTECTING A PIPELINE FROM THE HEAVING SOIL

Areas with heaving soil are one of the most complex hindrance for the design and construction of underground pipelines. Inhomogeneity of the geological structure of the base leads to irregular uplifts of soil and pipelines. At least these processes reduce the actual service life. In the worst case, frost heave can cause emergency depressurization, oil or oil products spill and natural gas emission 'into the atmosphere. At the present time, a quantitative evaluation of the of frost heaving dynamic and designing of the protection systems has low accuracy that is confirmed by a numerous accidents occurring on the pipelines every year. To investigate the interaction of pipelines with the heaving soil and the engineering protection system the authors have developed and for the first time ever applied in practice a numerical investigation procedure that allows calculating the stressstrain state of a pipeline taking into account the dynamics of heat and mass transfer and stress-strain state of the soil. The results of the article show the boundaries of applicability of ring thermal insulation for the pipeline in concrete geological conditions. Additionally it was found that in the short sections of frost heaving (length about 3 m) additional stresses from bending are 2.2 times more than in long sections (length 20 m and more). Since the exact location of heaving soil boundary is usually unknown, engineering protection must overlay a dangerous area with a significant margin on both sides to exclude unprotected sections up to 3 m in length

Novel Chromone-Containing Allylmorpholines Induce Anxiolytic-like and Sedative Effects in Adult Zebrafish

Chromone-containing allylmorpholines (CCAMs) are a novel class of compounds that have demonstrated acetyl- and butyryl-cholinesterase-inhibiting and N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor-blocking properties in vitro, but their in vivo pharmacological activity remains underexplored. In this work, we evaluated the psychotropic activity of five different CCAMs (1 (9a), 2 (9j), 3 (9l), 4 (33a), and 5 (33b)) using the novel tank test (NTT) and light/dark box (LDB) test in adult zebrafish. The CCAMs were screened in the NTT at a range of concentrations, and they were found to induce a dose-dependent sedative effect. Compound 4 (33a) was also evaluated using the LDB test, and it was found to have anxiolytic-like properties at low concentrations. To assess the potential contribution of the glutamate and cholinergic mechanisms in the effects of the CCAMs, we conducted experiments with pre-exposure to putative antagonists, NMDA and biperiden. Neither biperiden nor NMDA were able to diminish or cancel the effects of the CCAMs, countering the in vitro data obtained in previous studies. The apparent discrepancy could be related to the specifics of CCAM metabolism or to the interspecies differences between the putative target proteins, possibly due to the relatively low identity percentage of their sequences. Although further research in mammals is required in order to establish their pharmacological properties, novel CCAMs may represent an appealing group of psychoactive drug candidates

A Simple Algorithm for Semiquantitative Analysis of Scored Histology Data in the R Environment, on the Example of Murine Non-Alcoholic Steatohepatitis Pharmacotherapy

Despite the high medical and socioeconomic burden of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), treatments that could effectively reduce histological liver damage in this condition are lacking. As providing only qualitative data is a major limitation of most histological scoring systems, we aimed to develop a simple and straightforward algorithm for semiquantitative analysis of scored histology data using the extended Fisher’s exact test in the R environment. As an illustrative example, we used the effects of L-ornithine L-aspartate (LOLA) and empagliflozin (EMPA) in a 3-month chemical/dietary murine model of NAFLD. 100 C57Bl/6 mice were randomized into 4 groups: Intact (n = 10), Control (NAFLD; n = 30), LOLA (NAFLD + 1.5 g·kg−1 b.w./d LOLA orally; n = 30), and EMPA (NAFLD + 10 mg·kg−1 b.w./d EMPA orally; n = 30). LOLA reduced hepatitis activity (p p p p < 0.01). The statistical approach we suggest can be used as a simple complementary tool for exploratory analysis of scored histology data

A Simple Algorithm for Semiquantitative Analysis of Scored Histology Data in the R Environment, on the Example of Murine Non-Alcoholic Steatohepatitis Pharmacotherapy

Despite the high medical and socioeconomic burden of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), treatments that could effectively reduce histological liver damage in this condition are lacking. As providing only qualitative data is a major limitation of most histological scoring systems, we aimed to develop a simple and straightforward algorithm for semiquantitative analysis of scored histology data using the extended Fisher&rsquo;s exact test in the R environment. As an illustrative example, we used the effects of L-ornithine L-aspartate (LOLA) and empagliflozin (EMPA) in a 3-month chemical/dietary murine model of NAFLD. 100 C57Bl/6 mice were randomized into 4 groups: Intact (n = 10), Control (NAFLD; n = 30), LOLA (NAFLD + 1.5 g&middot;kg&minus;1 b.w./d LOLA orally; n = 30), and EMPA (NAFLD + 10 mg&middot;kg&minus;1 b.w./d EMPA orally; n = 30). LOLA reduced hepatitis activity (p &lt; 0.05), cholestasis, necrosis, and fibrosis severity (p &lt; 0.01), and EMPA prevented necrosis (p &lt; 0.05) and reduced fibrosis severity (p &lt; 0.01). The statistical approach we suggest can be used as a simple complementary tool for exploratory analysis of scored histology data

Changes in Brain Electrical Activity after Transient Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion in Rats

Objectives. Ischemic stroke is a leading cause of death and disability worldwide. To search for new therapeutic and pharmacotherapeutic strategies, numerous models of this disease have been proposed, the most popular being transient middle cerebral artery occlusion. Behavioral and sensorimotor testing, biochemical, and histological methods are traditionally used in conjunction with this model to assess the effectiveness of potential treatment options. Despite its wide overall popularity, electroencephalography/electrocorticography is quite rarely used in such studies. Materials and methods. In the present work, we explored the changes in brain electrical activity at days 3 and 7 after 30- and 45-min of transient middle cerebral artery occlusion in rats. Results. Cerebral ischemia altered the amplitude and spectral electrocorticogram characteristics, and led to a reorganization of inter- and intrahemispheric functional connections. Ischemia duration affected the severity as well as the nature of the observed changes. Conclusions. The dynamics of changes in brain electrical activity may indicate a spontaneous partial recovery of impaired cerebral functions at post-surgery day 7. Our results suggest that electrocorticography can be used successfully to assess the functional status of the brain following ischemic stroke in rats as well as to investigate the dynamics of functional recovery

Development of an Atmospheric Pressure Ion Mobility Spectrometer–Mass Spectrometer with an Orthogonal Acceleration Electrostatic Sector TOF Mass Analyzer

Recently developed ion mobility mass spectrometer is described. The instrument is based on a drift tube ion mobility spectrometer and an orthogonal acceleration electrostatic sector time-of-flight mass analyzer. Data collection is performed using a specially developed fast ADC-based recorder that allows real-time data integration in an interval between 3 and 100 s. Primary tests were done with positive ion electrospray. The tests have shown obtaining 100 ion mobility resolving power and 2000 mass resolving power. Obtained for 2,6-di-<i>tert</i>-butylpyridine in electrosprayed liquid samples during 100 s analysis and full IMS/MS data collection mode were 4 nM relative limits of detection and a 1 pg absolute limit of detection (S/N=3). Characteristic ion mobility/mass distributions were recorded for selected antibiotics, including amoxicillin, ampicillin, lomefloxacin, and ofloxacin. At studied conditions, lomefloxacin forms only a protonated molecule-producing reduced ion mobility peak at 1.082 cm²/(V s). Both amoxicillin and ampicillin produce [M + H]⁺, [M + CH₃OH + H]⁺, and [M + CH₃CN + H]⁺. Amoxicillin shows two peaks at 0.909 cm²/(V s) and 0.905 cm²/(V s). Ampicillin shows one peak at 0.945 cm²/(V s). Intensity of protonated methanol containing cluster for both ampicillin and amoxicillin has a clear tendency to rise with sample keeping time. Ofloxacin produces two peaks in the ion mobility distribution. A lower ion mobility peak at 1.051 cm²/(V s) is shown to be formed by [M + H]⁺ ions. A higher ion mobility peak appearing for samples kept more than 48 h is shown to be formed by both [M + H]⁺ ion and a component identified as the [M + 2H + M]⁺² cluster. The cluster probably partly dissociates in the interface producing the [M + H]⁺ ion

Le Conservateur bazadais : journal politique, commercial, agricole et financier

11 novembre 19051905/11/11 (N1223)-1905/11/11

Trimethyl(phenyl)silane — a precursor for gas phase processes of SiCx:H film deposition: Synthesis and characterization

The technique of synthesis and purification of trimethyl(phenyl)silane PhSiMe3, allowing to obtain the product with high yield. Individuality of the product was confirmed by elemental analysis for C, H, Si was developed. IR, UV and 1H NMR-spectroscopic studies were used to define its spectral characteristics. Complex thermal analysis and thermogravimetry defined thermoanalytical behavior of PhSiMe3 in an inert atmosphere. Tensimetric studies have shown that the compound has sufficient volatility and thermal stability for use as a precursor in the process of chemical vapor deposition (CVD). The composition and temperature limits of the possible crystalline phase complexes in equilibrium with the gas phase of different composition has been determined by method of thermodynamic modeling. Calculated CVD diagrams allow us to select the optimal conditions of film deposition. The possibility of using trimethyl(phenyl)silane in CVD processes for producing dielectric films of hydrogenated silicon carbide has been demonstrated