CHEK2 1100 delC mutation in Russian ovarian cancer patients

BRCA1 and BRCA2 germ-line mutations occur in a significant number of unselected ovarian cancer (OC) patients, thus making a noticeable contribution to OC morbidity. It is of interest whether CHEK2, which is frequently regarded as a third breast cancer specific gene, is also relevant to ovarian cancer pathogenesis. In this report we analyzed the presence of CHEK2 1100 delC founder mutation in 268 randomly recruited OC patients. The mutation was identified in 2 women with OC (0.8%) as compared to 1/448 (0.2%) healthy middle-aged and 0/373 elderly tumour-free women. Taken together this result and the negative findings of two other published reports on an association of CHEK2 with ovarian cancer indicate that there is no justification for intensive ovarian cancer screening in CHEK2 1100 delC carriers

Моделирование функциональных кист яичников путем введения фолликулостимулирующего гормона

Aim. To study the morphofunctional state of ovaries after the introduction of recombinant FSH. Materials and methods. Two groups of mature female Wistar rats were used in the study. The experimental group consisted of 35 rats with a model of follicular ovarian cysts, while 25 rats were in the control group.Rats were taken out of the experiment on days 3, 7, 15, 30 and 60. Paraffin slides of ovaries were stained with hematoxylin and eosin by Van Gieson. Histological and morphometric investigations were performed.Results. On day 7 of FSH administration, the maximum increase in the size of the ovaries was observed due to the formation of single-cell follicular cysts. Rats in the experimental group showed a marked decrease in the number of growing follicles on day 7 and 15. The increase in atretic bodies and follicles in comparison with the control group was observed on day 7 and lasted until the end of the experiment. Additionally, on day 7 of the experiment, hyperemia and vasoconstriction were noted. The number of yellow bodies decreased during the experiment, and an increase in collagen formation occurred starting from day 15 of the experiment.Conclusion. The introduction of follicle-stimulating hormone for 7 days leads to disruption of folliculogenesis, strengthening of atresia in the ovaries, and the formation of functional cysts.Цель исследования. Изучить морфологические изменения яичников при введении рекомбинантного фолликулостимулирующего гормона.Материал и методы. Эксперимент проведен на половозрелых белых самках крыс линии Wistar. Основную группу составили 35 животных с моделью функциональных кист яичников, контрольную – 25 интактных животных. Крысы выводились из эксперимента на 3-и, 7-е, 15-, 30- и 60-е сут. Проведены гистологическое и морфометрическое исследования на депарафинированных срезах яичников, окрашенных гематоксилином и эозином и по Ван Гизону.Результаты. На 7-е сут введения фолликулостимулирующего гормона наблюдалось максимальное увеличение размеров яичников за счет формирования однокамерных функциональных кист. У животных основной группы отмечалось выраженное снижение количества растущих фолликулов на 7- и 15-е сут.Увеличение количества атретических фолликулов и тел по сравнению с таковым в группе контроля наблюдалось с 7-х сут и продолжалось до 60-х сут эксперимента. На 7-е сут эксперимента отмечались гиперемия и полнокровие сосудов. Количество желтых тел уменьшалось в ходе эксперимента. Отмечалось усиление процессов коллагенообразования, начиная с 15-х сут эксперимента.Заключение. Введение фолликулостимулирующего гормона в течение 7 сут приводит к нарушению процессов фолликулогенеза, усилению процессов атрезии в яичниках и формированию функциональных кис

State, problems and prospects for the development of sugar beet seed production in the Krasnodar Territory

A retrospective analysis of the state of sugar beet seed production in the Krasnodar Territory has been carried out. The problems are reflected and the factors of intensification of the seed-growing process are named as a necessary condition for the restoration of domestic seedgrowing and an increase in the proportion of seeds of the Kuban selection in the crops of sugar beet in the North-Caucasian region. The results of production testing of sugar beet hybrids selected by the FSBSI “Pervomaysky Selection und Experimental Station of Sugar Beets” in 2019-2020 are presented

Suppression of Age-Related Macular Degeneration-like Pathology by c-Jun N-Terminal Kinase Inhibitor IQ-1S

Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is the leading cause of irreversible visual impairment worldwide. The development of AMD is associated with inflammation, oxidative stress, and progressive proteostasis imbalance, in the regulation of which c-Jun N-terminal kinases (JNK) play a crucial role. JNK inhibition is discussed as an alternative way for prevention and treatment of AMD and other neurodegenerative diseases. Here we assess the retinoprotective potential of the recently synthesized JNK inhibitor 11H-indeno[1,2-b]quinoxalin-11-one oxime sodium salt (IQ-1S) using senescence-accelerated OXYS rats as a model of AMD. The treatment with IQ-1S (50 mg/kg body weight intragastric) during the period of active disease development (from 4.5 to 6 months of age) improved some (but not all) histological abnormalities associated with retinopathy. IQ-1S improved blood circulation, increased the functional activity of the retinal pigment epithelium, reduced the VEGF expression in the endothelial cells, and increased the expression of PEDF in the neuroretina. The result was a decrease in the degeneration of photoreceptors and neurons of the inner layers. IQ-1S significantly improved the retinal ultrastructure and increased the number of mitochondria, which were significantly reduced in the neuroretina of OXYS rats compared to Wistar rats. It seems probable that using IQ-1S can be a good prophylactic strategy to treat AMD

Suppression of Age-Related Macular Degeneration-like Pathology by c-Jun N-Terminal Kinase Inhibitor IQ-1S

Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is the leading cause of irreversible visual impairment worldwide. The development of AMD is associated with inflammation, oxidative stress, and progressive proteostasis imbalance, in the regulation of which c-Jun N-terminal kinases (JNK) play a crucial role. JNK inhibition is discussed as an alternative way for prevention and treatment of AMD and other neurodegenerative diseases. Here we assess the retinoprotective potential of the recently synthesized JNK inhibitor 11H-indeno[1,2-b]quinoxalin-11-one oxime sodium salt (IQ-1S) using senescence-accelerated OXYS rats as a model of AMD. The treatment with IQ-1S (50 mg/kg body weight intragastric) during the period of active disease development (from 4.5 to 6 months of age) improved some (but not all) histological abnormalities associated with retinopathy. IQ-1S improved blood circulation, increased the functional activity of the retinal pigment epithelium, reduced the VEGF expression in the endothelial cells, and increased the expression of PEDF in the neuroretina. The result was a decrease in the degeneration of photoreceptors and neurons of the inner layers. IQ-1S significantly improved the retinal ultrastructure and increased the number of mitochondria, which were significantly reduced in the neuroretina of OXYS rats compared to Wistar rats. It seems probable that using IQ-1S can be a good prophylactic strategy to treat AMD

Low-Molecular Weight BDNF Mimetic, Dimeric Dipeptide GSB-106, Reverses Depressive Symptoms in Mouse Chronic Social Defeat Stress

A mimetic of the BDNF loop 4, bis (N-monosuccinyl-L-seryl-L-lysine) hexamethylenediamide, named GSB-106, was designed and synthesized in our scientific group. The compound activated TrkB, MAPK/ERK, PI3K/AKT, and PLCγ in in vitro experiments. In vivo experiments with rodents revealed its antidepressant-like activity in the forced swim and the tail suspension tests at the dose range of 0.1–5.0 mg/kg (i.p., p.o.). However, GSB-106 was not studied in depression models modulating major depression in humans. In the present study, the GSB-106 antidepressant-like activity was revealed in mice at the depression model induced by 28-day social defeat stress with 21-days oral administration (0.1 mg/kg) after stress. At the same time, GSB-106 restored reduced locomotor activity and completely eliminated the anhedonia manifestations. The compound also restored reduced levels of synaptophysin and CREB in the hippocampus. In addition, the Trk receptor antagonist K252A, and the PLC inhibitor U73122, were found to completely block the antidepressant-like activity of GSB-106 in the forced swimming test in mice. Thus, the present results demonstrate the dipeptide BDNF mimetic GSB-106 reversed depressive-like behavior and restored hippocampal neuroplasticity in a rodent depression model. These effects of GSB-106 are probably regulated by TrkB signaling

Modeling of functional ovarian cysts by introducing a follicle-stimulating hormone

Aim. To study the morphofunctional state of ovaries after the introduction of recombinant FSH. Materials and methods. Two groups of mature female Wistar rats were used in the study. The experimental group consisted of 35 rats with a model of follicular ovarian cysts, while 25 rats were in the control group.Rats were taken out of the experiment on days 3, 7, 15, 30 and 60. Paraffin slides of ovaries were stained with hematoxylin and eosin by Van Gieson. Histological and morphometric investigations were performed.Results. On day 7 of FSH administration, the maximum increase in the size of the ovaries was observed due to the formation of single-cell follicular cysts. Rats in the experimental group showed a marked decrease in the number of growing follicles on day 7 and 15. The increase in atretic bodies and follicles in comparison with the control group was observed on day 7 and lasted until the end of the experiment. Additionally, on day 7 of the experiment, hyperemia and vasoconstriction were noted. The number of yellow bodies decreased during the experiment, and an increase in collagen formation occurred starting from day 15 of the experiment.Conclusion. The introduction of follicle-stimulating hormone for 7 days leads to disruption of folliculogenesis, strengthening of atresia in the ovaries, and the formation of functional cysts

CHEK2 1100 delC mutation in Russian ovarian cancer patients

Abstract BRCA1 and BRCA2 germ-line mutations occur in a significant number of unselected ovarian cancer (OC) patients, thus making a noticeable contribution to OC morbidity. It is of interest whether CHEK2, which is frequently regarded as a third breast cancer specific gene, is also relevant to ovarian cancer pathogenesis. In this report we analyzed the presence of CHEK2 1100 delC founder mutation in 268 randomly recruited OC patients. The mutation was identified in 2 women with OC (0.8%) as compared to 1/448 (0.2%) healthy middle-aged and 0/373 elderly tumour-free women. Taken together this result and the negative findings of two other published reports on an association of CHEK2 with ovarian cancer indicate that there is no justification for intensive ovarian cancer screening in CHEK2 1100 delC carriers.</p