Формирование энергетических свойств поверхности глинистых частиц, модифицированных высоким давлением

The article considers the issues of changing the energy activity of the surface of clay particles modified by pressure up to 800 MPa. The energy properties of the surface were evaluated by measuring the adhesion force between the surface of clay samples and the silicon cantilever of an atomic force microscope. It has been proved that when clay soils are modified by stress pressure, the adhesion force changes in different directions in clays with different mineral composition. So, in kaolin clay, with an increase in pressure from 25 to 800 MPa, the adhesion force increases, respectively, from 0.25 to 0.78 nN. In clays of montmorillonite composition, an increase in pressure to 150 MPa leads to an increase in the adhesive interaction, and a further increase in the load to 800 MPa leads to its decrease.Рассматриваются вопросы изменения энергетической активности поверхности глинистых частиц, модифицированных давлением величиной до 800 МПа. Энергетические свойства поверхности оценивалась путем измерения силы адгезии между поверхностью глинистых образцов и кремниевым кантилевером атомно-силового микроскопа. Доказано, что при модифицировании глинистых грунтов стрессовым давлением, сила адгезии изменяется разнонаправлено в глинах с различным минеральным составом. Так, в каолиновой глине при увеличении давления от 25 до 800 МПа, сила адгезии возрастает соответственно от 0,25 до 0,78 нН. В глинах монтмориллонитового состава рост давления до 150 МПа приводит к усилению адгезионного взаимодействия, а дальнейшее увеличение нагрузки до 800 МПа − к его снижени

Преобразование адсорбционных свойств бентонитовых глин путем комплексного техногенного воздействия

The results of study of the change in the sorption index by chemical, thermal and mechanical treatment of bentonite clay have been obtained. They showed that during the complex processing of samples with mechanical pressure, temperature and cationic solutions, there is a general tendency to an increase in the sorption index. It was found that the greatest effect on the activation of sorption properties is exerted by vertical pressure, heat treatment of samples at 200 оС and saturation with a cationic solution of ferric chloride, which allows us to consider this processing of samples as the most effective for the samples of this study.Получены результаты исследования бентонитовой глины на изменение показателя сорбции химической, термической и механической обработкой. Результаты показали, что при комплексной обработке образцов с механическим давлением температурой и катионными растворами наблюдается общая тенденция увеличения показателя сорбции. Установлено, что наибольшее воздействие на активацию сорбционных свойств оказывает вертикальное давление, термообработка образцов в 200℃ и насыщение катионным раствором хлорида железа, что позволяет считать данную обработку образцов наиболее эффективной для образцов данного исследования

Случай первичной солитарной плазмоцитомы трахеи

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Изменение энергетических свойств поверхности глин при активации давлением

The article presents the results of study of the surface energy properties of the clays activated by high pressure using atomic force microscopy. Graphs of changes in the average values of the determined characteristics are constructed. Correlation relationship was determined.Приведены результаты исследования энергетических свойств поверхности глин, активированных высоким давлением с использованием атомно-силовой микроскопии. Построены графики изменения средних значений определяемых характеристик, выявлены корреляционные зависимости

Mechanism of interaction among nanocrystalline carbonate-substituted hydroxyapatite and polar amino-acids for the biomimetic composite technology: Spectroscopic and structural study

This study investigated changes in the interaction of B-type non-stoichiometric nanocrystalline carbonate-substituted hydroxyapatite (nano-CHAP) with polar amino acids (AA) with respect to CHAP-AA linking. Molecular vibrational spectroscopy revealed for the first time that the surface interaction of polar amino acids with defective nano-CHAP is determined not only by the charge state of AA but can be mediated by a foreign ion conjugated with the lateral bonds of amino acids. Understanding this mechanism of CHAP-AA interaction is required for the development of the new generation of dental biomimetic materials based on HAP as well as for their qualitative integration with the amino acid matrix of the dental tissues. © 2020Russian Foundation for Basic Research, RFBR: MK-419.2019.2, 18-29-11008The study was performed under support of Russian Foundation for Basic Research (RFBR) grant №18-29-11008 mk and grant of the President of Russian Federation №MK-419.2019.2

The state and main directions of onion crop breeding of FSBSI FSVC

The article presents information about the research directions, the results of work and achievements in the selection of onion crops in the Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution "Federal Scientific Vegetable Center". Brief historical information is given about the work of the outstanding scientists who headed the laboratory – V.V. Ordynsky, A.D. Plinka, I. I. Yershov, A.F. Agafonov. At present, new varieties and hybrids of onion crops of domestic selection that meet all the requirements are required for industrial production.The FSBSI FSVC is working on studying the breeding material of onion crops and identifying promising ones with a complex of economically valuable characteristics for creating fundamentally new, competitive varieties and hybrids for various zones of the Russian Federation. Selection of individual types of bows is carried out: onions – for early maturation, consistently high yield, high dry matter content (17-22%), keeping quality, resistance to peronosporosis, cervical and bacterial rot, with a different rate of reaction to the length of the day, for winter and spring crops, in sowing culture – with a cold method of storing sowing, good keeping quality; perennial onions – winter hardiness, high productivity of green mass, high content of biologically active substances and high resistance to diseases; winter garlic – winter hardiness, yield, resistance to fusarium and bacteriosis, keeping quality during storage; spring garlic – high yield of large cloves, high shelf life; shallots –ultra-fast ripeness, high productivity, keeping quality during storage. The results of the long-term work of the FSVC were 140 varieties of 16 types of onion crops of various uses. Modern varieties of onion for industrial cultivation were created and submitted to the State Variety Testing in 2020: F1 Drakon, AFBAK

XANES Investigation of the Influence of a Coordinating Atomic Environment in Biomimetic Composite Materials

In our work, the influence of the coordination environment of the Ca atom states in biomimetic mineralizing composite dental materials integrated with dental tissue was investigated. Biomimetic composites as well as natural dental tissue samples were investigated using synchrotron X-ray absorption near edge structure (XANES) spectroscopy. Energy structure studies revealed a number of important features related to the different type of calcium atom environment. the surface of nanocrystalline calcium carbonate-substituted hydroxyapatite (nano-cHAp) crystals in natural enamel and dentin involved in the formation of bonds with the organic matrix is more characterized by the coordination environment of the calcium atom corresponding to its location in the CaI position, i.e. bound through common oxygen atoms with PO4 tetrahedrons. At the same time, on the surface of nano-cHAp crystals in bioinspired dental materials, the calcium atom is more characteristically located in the CaII position, bound to the hydroxyl OH group. The detected features in the coordination atomic environment in nano-cHAp play a fundamental role for engineering a biomimetic dental composite of the natural organomineral interaction in the mineralized tissue. © 2022 The Authors.This work was funded by the grant of Russian Science Foundation, grant number 21-75-10005. The access to scientific equipment and methodology was provided under support of the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of Russia, Agreement N 075-15-2021-1351