Value in the territorial brand: The case of champagne

Purpose– The aim of this study is to consider how key actors in a territorial brand view the creation of value, and how it is balanced between the territorial and individual brands – using champagne as a means of exploring this.Design/methodology/approach– The project was exploratory and a qualitative process involving interviews with key actors in the region was adopted.Findings– Members of the champagne industry adopt a range of views about the nature of value, focusing on image, reputation and perceived quality, but varying between an individualist approach (which considers that value creation lies with the proprietary brands) and a more collectivist perspective, which considers it is predominantly the result of the territorial brand.Research limitations/implications– Research into the organisation of territorial brands is just beginning; while merely exploratory this research suggests that issues around value merit further consideration.Practical implications– Actors within a territorial brand need to clearly negotiate how they view value in order to maintain coherence and a common message. They may also need to pay more attention to issues around brand co-creation.Originality/value– No research in this precise field has previously been carried out and this study highlights variations in the perceptions of key actors within a territorial brand.</jats:sec

Математическая модель однопользовательской компьютерной игры, воспроизводящей дуэльный бой танков

In improving computer games, which reproduce a battle of tanks, two tasks can be distinguished: increasing a collection of game tools to represent virtual prototypes of real tank models and ensuring a realistic game. To solve these problems, a tool is necessary that allows us to compare gaming capabilities of virtual tank brands with combat capabilities of their real prototypes. A mathematical model of a computer game that reproduces a duel battle of tanks can be used as the tool. The specified model satisfies the following requirements: the sequence of operations reproduced in the model is in line with the sequence of operations implemented by the player in the course of the game; the maximum amount of ammunition that a tank can use in a model must correspond to the amount of tank ammunition. The duel lasts until one of the tanks is hit, or until all the gunshots available to hit the enemy are expended. It is necessary to find the probabilities of possible outcomes of a duel battle, the mathematical expectation of its duration, the mathematical expectation of the ammunition consumption of each side.The solution to the problem is obtained by constructing a mathematical model according to the scheme of Markov random process with discrete states and continuous time. It is implemented as a program for a model of a duel battle of tanks and can be used when developing a computer game of the genre of tank simulators to assess the gaming capabilities of the virtual tanks in a duel battle from the data on the amount of their ammunition and on the intensity of the game process transition from one state to another; for selecting the intensity values of the game process transition from one state to another, based on the data on the estimated game capabilities of virtual tanks in a duel battle. Thus, game participants can use this model to conduct their own research. Developers of computer games can use it for setting up the game and setting such intensity values of the game process transition from one state to another, at which the gaming capabilities of virtual tanks will correspond to the combat capabilities of their real prototypes on the battlefield.В совершенствовании компьютерных игр, воспроизводящих бой танков, можно выделить две задачи: увеличение коллекции игровых средств, представляющих собой виртуальные прототипы реальных образцов танков; обеспечении реалистичности игры. Для решения этих задач необходим инструмент, позволяющий сопоставить игровые возможности виртуальных марок танков с боевыми возможностями их реальных прототипов, в качестве которого можно использовать математическую модель компьютерной игры, воспроизводящую дуэльный бой танков. Указанная модель удовлетворяет следующим требованиям: последовательность операций, воспроизводимых в модели, соответствует последовательности операций, реализуемых игроком в процессе игры; максимальное количество боеприпасов, которое может использоваться танком в модели, должно соответствовать размеру боекомплекта танка. Дуэль продолжается до тех пор, пока не будет поражён один из танков, или пока не будут израсходованы все имеющиеся для поражения противника пушечные выстрелы. Необходимо найти вероятности возможных исходов дуэльного боя, математическое ожидание его продолжительности, математическое ожидание расхода боеприпасов каждой из сторон.Решение задачи получено путём построения математической модели по схеме Марковского случайного процесса с дискретными состояниями и непрерывным временем. Реализовано в виде программы модели дуэльного боя танков и может быть использовано при разработке компьютерной игры жанра танковых симуляторов для оценки игровых возможностей виртуальных танков в дуэльном бою по данным о размерах их боекомплектов и интенсивностях перехода игрового процесса из одного состояния в другое; для подбора значений интенсивностей перехода игрового процесса из одного состояния в другое, исходя из данных о предполагаемых игровых возможностях виртуальных танков в дуэльном бою. Таким образом, данная модель может быть использована участниками игры для проведения собственных исследований; разработчиками компьютерных игр, для настройки игры, задания таких значений интенсивностей перехода игрового процесса из одного состояния в другие, при которых игровые возможности виртуальных танков, будут соответствовать боевым возможностям их реальных прототипов на поле боя

Mathematical Single-Player Computer Game Model to Reproduce Duel Fight of Tanks

In improving computer games, which reproduce a battle of tanks, two tasks can be distinguished: increasing a collection of game tools to represent virtual prototypes of real tank models and ensuring a realistic game. To solve these problems, a tool is necessary that allows us to compare gaming capabilities of virtual tank brands with combat capabilities of their real prototypes. A mathematical model of a computer game that reproduces a duel battle of tanks can be used as the tool. The specified model satisfies the following requirements: the sequence of operations reproduced in the model is in line with the sequence of operations implemented by the player in the course of the game; the maximum amount of ammunition that a tank can use in a model must correspond to the amount of tank ammunition. The duel lasts until one of the tanks is hit, or until all the gunshots available to hit the enemy are expended. It is necessary to find the probabilities of possible outcomes of a duel battle, the mathematical expectation of its duration, the mathematical expectation of the ammunition consumption of each side.The solution to the problem is obtained by constructing a mathematical model according to the scheme of Markov random process with discrete states and continuous time. It is implemented as a program for a model of a duel battle of tanks and can be used when developing a computer game of the genre of tank simulators to assess the gaming capabilities of the virtual tanks in a duel battle from the data on the amount of their ammunition and on the intensity of the game process transition from one state to another; for selecting the intensity values of the game process transition from one state to another, based on the data on the estimated game capabilities of virtual tanks in a duel battle. Thus, game participants can use this model to conduct their own research. Developers of computer games can use it for setting up the game and setting such intensity values of the game process transition from one state to another, at which the gaming capabilities of virtual tanks will correspond to the combat capabilities of their real prototypes on the battlefield