Evidence for the Globalization of Mass Culture through Advertising: A Rhetorical Analysis of Selected United States and Turkish Magazine Advertisement Headlines

A thesis presented to the faculty of the College of Arts and Sciences at Morehead State University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree of Master of Arts by Necip Serdar Sever in June of 1993

Is improvement in depression in patients attending cardiac rehabilitation with new-onset depressive symptoms determined by patient characteristics?

BACKGROUND: Patients with cardiovascular disease (CVD) commonly experience depressive symptoms which is associated with adverse outcome and increased mortality. Examining the baseline characteristics of cardiac rehabilitation (CR) patients that determine Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) depression outcome may facilitate adjustments in CR programme delivery. This study aims to investigate whether comorbidities, demographic and clinical characteristics of patients, with new-onset post-cardiac event depressive symptoms, determine change in their depression following CR. METHODS: Analysing the routine practice data of British Heart Foundation National Audit of Cardiac Rehabilitation between April 2012 and March 2018, an observational study was conducted. Patients with new-onset post-cardiac event depressive symptoms and no previous documented history of depression constituted the study population. RESULTS: The analyses included 64 658 CR patients (66.24±10.69 years, 75% male) with new-onset HADS measures, excluding patients with a history of depression. The comorbidities determining reduced likelihood of improvement in depression outcomes after CR were angina, diabetes, stroke, emphysema and chronic back problems. In addition, higher total number of comorbidities, increased weight, a higher HADS anxiety score, smoking at baseline, physical inactivity, presence of heart failure and being single were other significant determinants. However, receiving coronary artery bypass graft treatment was associated with better improvement. CONCLUSION: The study identified specific baseline comorbid conditions of patients with new-onset depressive symptoms including angina, diabetes, stroke, emphysema and chronic back problems that were determinants of poorer mental health outcomes (HADS) following CR. Higher total number of comorbidities, increased weight, physical inactivity, smoking, presence of heart failure and being single were other determinants of a negative change in depression. These findings could help CR programmes focus on tailoring the CR intervention around comorbidity, physical activity status, weight management and smoking cessation in patients with new-onset depressive symptoms

ALDIKLARI EĞİTİMLE İLGİLİ ÜNİVERSİTE ÖĞRENCİLERİNİN ALGI, GÖRÜŞ VE DEĞERLENDİRMELERİ

ÖZET Bu çalışmada, Anadolu Üniversitesi İletişim Bilimleri Fakültesi lisans öğrencilerinin aldıkları eğitim ile Merrill’in öğretimin temel ilkelerinin ne kadar uyumlu olduğu araştırılmıştır.   Merrill’in öğretimin temel ilkelerininin yanı sıra Kirkpatric’in eğitimi değerlendirme aşamaları da uyumlaştırılarak kullanılmıştır. Araştırmada öğrencilerle yüz yüze görüşülerek aldıkları eğitim hakkındaki görüşleri Merrill ve  Kirkpatric’in modelleri doğrultusunda değerlendirilmiştir. Araştırmadan elde edilen sonuçlara göre üniversiteye giriş sınavında ilk üç tercihleri İletişim Fakültesi olan öğrencilerin derslerinde daha gayretli oldukları görülmektedir. Bununla birlikte bu öğrenciler, aldıkları derslerin büyük bir bölümünün gerçek dünya sorunları ile ilgili olmadığını ve buna bağlı olarak da derslerin içeriklerinin yeniden gözden geçirilmesi gerektiğini söylemektedirler. Sınavlardan, ödevlerden, etkinlik ve projelerden yeterince geribildirim alamayan öğrenciler, uygulama ve öğrenilen bilgileri işe koşma ilkelerinin gerçekleştirilmesinin zorluğundan söz etmektedirler. Öğretim elemanlarının kendilerini geliştirmemesi ve eski bilgileri tekrar sunması öğrenciler tarafından olumlu algılanmamaktadır. Öğrenciler tarafından sözü edilen eksiklikler üniversite eğitiminin iyileştirilmesi, yeniden düzenlenmesi için bir fırsat olarak değerlendirilebilir. Bu fırsatı akademisyenler, yeni ders tasarım yaklaşımları gibi bilimsel verileri işe koşarak değerlendirebilirler

Levels of depressive symptoms in cardiac patients attending cardiac rehabilitation with a history of depression : pre Covid-19 and Covid-19 period comparison

BACKGROUND: The large-scale changes in cardiac rehabilitation (CR) programme delivery in response to COVID-19 has led to diminished provision. The influence of these service changes on the depression symptoms of patients in CR programmes is unknown. Our study investigated the extent of depressive symptoms prior to and during the COVID-19 periods in patients with a previous history of depression at the start of CR. METHODS: Use of Registry routine practice data, National Audit of Cardiac Rehabilitation (NACR), from COVID-19 period Feb 2020 and Jan 2021, as well as pre COVID-19 period Feb 2019 and Jan 2020, was extracted. Depressive symptoms were defined according to Hospital Anxiety and Depression Score ≥ 8. Chi-square tests and independent samples t-tests were used to investigate baseline characteristics. Additionally, a binary logistic regression to examine the factors associated with high levels of depressive symptoms. RESULTS: In total 3661 patients with a history of depression were included in the analysis. Patients attending CR during COVID-19 were found to be 11% more likely to have high levels of acute depressive symptoms compared to patients attending CR prior to COVID-19. Physical inactivity, increased anxiety, a higher total number of comorbidities, increased weight, and living in the most deprived areas were statistically significant factors associated with high levels of acute depressive symptoms at the start of CR following multivariate adjustments. CONCLUSION: Our research suggests that following a cardiac event patients with prior history of depression have high levels of acute depressive symptoms at CR baseline assessment. This finding exists in both the pre Covid-19 and Covid-19 periods in patients with a history of depression

To what extent is multi-morbidity associated with new onset depression in patients attending cardiac rehabilitation?

BACKGROUND: Depression is associated with increased mortality and poor prognosis in patients with cardiovascular disease (CVD). However, little is known about the patient characteristics associated with new onset post heart event depressive symptoms, specifically medical comorbidities, among cardiac rehabilitation (CR) participants. Therefore, this paper examines the comorbidity profile and characteristics associated with new onset depressive symptoms in patients attending CR. METHODS: An observational study using the routine practice data of British Heart Foundation National Audit of Cardiac Rehabilitation (NACR) from the last six years between April 2012 and March 2018. Patients with new onset post heart event depression and no previous documented history of depression were selected as the study population. An independent samples t-test and chi square tests were used to compare the association between new onset depressive symptoms and patient variables including demographics, clinical measures and comorbidities. A binary logistic regression was conducted to investigate the predictors of new onset depressive symptoms employing log-likelihood ratio statistic. RESULTS: The analyses included 109,055 CR patients with new onset depression measured by Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS). At baseline assessment, comorbidity measures associated with new onset depressive symptoms were increased total number of comorbidities and a range of comorbidities - including diabetes, angina, arthritis, chronic back problems, asthma, stroke, anxiety, rheumatism, claudication, osteoporosis, chronic bronchitis and emphysema. After multivariate adjustments were done, at the start of CR, the significant predictors of new onset depressive symptoms were physical inactivity, high HADS anxiety score measurement, increased weight, total number of comorbidities, diabetes, stroke, chronic back problems, being from areas with higher levels of social deprivation, being single, and male. CONCLUSION: The research findings establish new insights into the association between patient demographic and clinical variables across a range of comorbidities in patients with new onset post heart event depressive symptoms. At the start of CR, patients with new onset depressive symptoms need to be assessed skilfully as they tend to have a complex multi-morbid presentation linked to psychosocial risk factors known to hinder CR engagement

Determinants of depression in patients with comorbid depression following cardiac rehabilitation

Background A prior history of depression, at the point patients start cardiac rehabilitation (CR), is associated with poor outcomes; however, little is known about which factors play a part in determining the extent of benefit following CR. Therefore, we aim to identify and evaluate determinants of CR depression outcomes in patients with comorbid depression. Methods An observational study of routine practice using the British Heart Foundation National Audit of Cardiac Rehabilitation data between April 2012 and March 2017. Baseline characteristics were examined with independent samples t-test and χ2 test. A binary logistic regression was used to predict change in depression outcome following CR. Results The analysis included 2715 CR participants with depression history. The determinants of Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) depression measurement post-CR were higher total number of comorbidities (OR 0.914, 95%CI 0.854 to 0.979), a higher HADS anxiety score (OR 0.883, 95%CI 0.851 to 0.917), physical inactivity (OR 0.707, 95%CI 0.514 to 0.971), not-smoking at baseline (OR 1.774, 95%CI 1.086 to 2.898) and male gender (OR 0.721, 95%CI 0.523 to 0.992). Conclusion Baseline characteristics of patients with comorbid depression such as higher anxiety, higher total number of comorbidities, smoking, physical inactivity and male gender were predictors of their depression levels following CR. CR programmes need to be aware of comorbid depression and these related patient characteristics associated with better CR outcomes

Anaerobic Capacity Changes of the National Freestyle Wrestlers during the Olympic Qualification Competition Period

This study aimed to evaluate the national level wrestlers’ anaerobic capacity through the preparation and qualification periods for Rio 2016 summer Olympic Games. For this manner, 10 national level freestyle wrestlers’(age 22,10 ± 3,21; weight 64,75 ±6,34; height 164,31 ± 4,75) anaerobic outputs measured 3 times in three month intervals with Bosco repeated jump test. Peak Jump(cm), Flight time, average power, average power/weight, first 15sec average jump height, last 15sec average jump height, fatigue index scores analyzed with repeated measures Anova. Mean power/weight output of the wrestlers increased from 20,42 W/kg to 21,28 W/kg(4,21 %) and fatigue index is decreased from 1,185 to 1,142 (3,62 %). However, this increase was not statistically significant (p<0,05). In six months of qualification and preparation period wrestlers’ anaerobic capacity did not changed and it is thought to have been caused by some reasons such as having already reached a certain anaerobic peak level or athletes’ competition level and frequency which might made it difficult for them to have a proper periodization during the year

Factors associated with acute depressive symptoms in patients with comorbid depression attending cardiac rehabilitation

Background: The literature suggests that comorbid depression, defined in this paper as a history of depression prior to a cardiovascular event, has an impact on later onset depression as well as constituting increased risk of mortality and adverse cardiac events. However, which factors are associated with depression, specifically in patients with comorbid depression, is unclear. Therefore, this paper investigates the factors associated with depression in patients with comorbid depression attending cardiac rehabilitation (CR). Methods: This observational study used routinely collected data from the British Heart Foundation National Audit of Cardiac Rehabilitation for the time period between April 2012 and March 2017. CR participants with comorbid depression were selected as the study population. An independent t-test and chi-square test were used to compare the association between acute depression symptoms and baseline characteristics in this population. Results: A total of 2715 CR patients with comorbid depression were analysed. Characteristics associated with acute depressive symptoms in patients with comorbid depression were found to be: young age (MD: 2.71, 95% CI 1.91, 3.50), increased number of comorbidities (MD: -0.50, 95% CI -0.66, -0.34), increased weight (MD: -1.94, 95% CI -3.35, -0.52), high BMI (MD: -1.94, 95% CI -3.35, -0.52), HADS anxiety (MD: -5.17, 95% CI -5.47, -4.87), comorbid anxiety (52.4%, p < 0.001), physical inactivity (150 minutes moderate physical activity a week and 75 minutes vigorous exercise a week; 27.5%, p < 0.001; 5.6%, p < 0.001 respectively), smoking (12.7%, p < 0.001), and being less likely to be partnered (63.6%, p < 0.001). Conclusion: The study demonstrated the association between a variety of clinical and socio-demographic factors and depression. The findings of the research indicated that, at CR baseline assessment, caution must be taken with patients with comorbid depression, specifically those with higher level depressive symptoms at the start of rehabilitation. Furthermore, their multi-comorbid condition must also be taken into account. Patients with higher depression symptoms and comorbid depression scored five points higher on the HADS anxiety scale in comparison to patients with lower level depression symptoms at the start of CR, which demonstrated that anxiety and depression are interrelated and present together

Depression in Cardiac Rehabilitation

Abstract Aim: History of comorbid depression (HCD) and new onset depressive symptoms following cardiac event are associated with adverse cardiac events and increased mortality. The purpose of this thesis is to investigate the factors associated with depressive symptoms in patients with HCD and patients with new onset depressive symptoms at baseline cardiac rehabilitation (CR) assessment. In addition, it is also aimed to examine which baseline characteristics determine improvement in depression levels following CR in depressed patients with and without a HCD. Methods: Observational studies using routine clinical data from National Audit of Cardiac Rehabilitation were conducted following a critical review of the literature that identify the known determinants of depression in patients with cardiovascular disease. Logistic regression models were constructed to identify determinants of depressive symptoms measured by hospital anxiety and depression scale (HADS). A survey of CR centres also investigated the extent of psychosocial support offered to CR patients. Results: Around 45% of patients with HCD experienced high levels of depressive symptoms at the start of CR whereas this percentage was around 20% in patients with new onset depression. In patients with HCD, the determinants of reduced likelihood of improvement in depression levels following CR were; smoking, physical inactivity, higher total number of comorbidities, male gender and HADS anxiety score, aligned with the findings of critical review. For those patients with new onset depression the key determinants were; comorbidities of emphysema, stroke, angina, diabetes, higher total number of comorbidities, HADS anxiety score, physical inactivity, and smoking. Conclusion: The baseline characteristics of the patients determining depression outcome following CR has been identified in patients with HCD and patients with new onset depressive symptoms. In order to optimise outcome these patient groups need to be assessed adeptly accounting for their complex multimorbid condition and psychosocial risk factors

Takıyye Şîa Rivâyet Kültüründeki Derin Paradoks

[Abstract Not Available