Down-regulation of phosphoglucomutase 3 mediates sulforaphane-induced cell death in LNCaP prostate cancer cells

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Sulforaphane (SFN) is an isothiocyanate found in cruciferous vegetables that exerts anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer and radio-sensitizing activities. Nonetheless, the mechanism responsible for SFN-induced cell death is not fully understood. In the present study, anti-cancer mechanism of SFN was elucidated in LNCaP prostate cancer cells.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>SFN exerted cytotoxicity and increased TUNEL positive cells in a concentration-dependent manner in LNCaP cells. Proteomics study revealed that levels of nine proteins including tubulin β-2, phosphoglucomutase-3 (PGM3), melanoma-derived leucine zipper containing extra-nuclear factor, activin A type I receptor precursor, smoothelin-A, KIA0073, hypothetical protein LOC57691 and two unnamed proteins were changed over 8 folds in SFN treated LNCaP cells compared to untreated control. We have further confirmed that SFN reduced PGM3 expression with western blotting and showed that PGM3 siRNA enhanced cytotoxicity demonstrated by cell morphology and TUNEL assays in LNCaP cells.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>Taken together, these findings suggest that PGM3 plays a role in mediating SFN-induced cell death in LNCaP cells, and is a potential molecular therapeutic target for prostate cancer.</p

New Classification of Polydactyly of the Foot on the Basis of Syndactylism, Axis Deviation, and Metatarsal Extent of Extra Digit

Background  Polydactyly of the foot is one of the most frequent anomalies of the limbs.However, most classification systems are based solely on morphology and tend to be inaccu­rate and lessrelevantto surgical methods and results. The purpose ofthisstudy isto presentour newclassification of polydactyly ofthe foot,which can serve as a predictor oftreatmentand prognosis.Methods  To find a correlation between the various morphologic traits of polydactyly ofthe foot and the treatment plan and outcomes,we reviewed 532 cases of polydactyly ofthefoot in 431 patients treated in our hospital, expanding on our previous study that describedpolydactyly based on the importance of metatarsal bone status and varus deformity. Therecords of patientswere evaluated and comparedwith previousstudies at other centers.Results  Unsatisfactory results were seen in 36 cases, which included 5 cases of incompleteseparation due to syndactylism, 23 cases of axis deviation, and 8 cases ofremnants of extra­digit metatarsal bones. The locus of the polydactyly, or the digit which wasinvolved, did notseemto affectthe final postoperative outcomesin ourstudy. Three factors­syndactylism, axisdeviation, and metatarsal extension­are the major factors related to treatment strategy andprognosis. Therefore,we developed a newclassification systemusing three characters(S,A,M)followed by three groups(0, 1, 2),to describe the complexity of polydactyly ofthe foot,suchas S1A2M2.Conclusions  Our newclassification could provide a communicable description to help deter­mine the surgical plan and predict outcomes

A Study on the Risk Probability of Risk Mitigation Alternatives at Non-Compliance Airport with Runway Strip Criteria

A runway strip is defined as the surface surrounding a runway established or suitable for reducing the risk of damage to aircraft in the event of a runway excursion. This study aims to implement the RSARA and LRSARA models at an airport not meeting the runway strip dimension criteria required by standards for aerodrome physical characteristics. The airport is considering alternatives to secure the runway strip criteria such as the displaced threshold and runway length extension, which is predicted to reduce the runway excursion probability. As the results of this study, it was discovered that the risk probability increases with the increases of the displaced runway distance due to relatively reduced runway length. Therefore, a reduced runway length to meet runway strip criteria may not be the most effective risk mitigation alternative, and it should be acknowledged that such a strategy can harm aviation Safety

일측성 구순열 환자에서 3차원 수치사진측량 스캔과 직접계측 방법의 비교

Background: In cleft lip patients, the necessity of a thorough preoperative analysis of facial deformities before reconstruction is unquestioned. The surgical plan of cleft lip patient is based on the information gained from our preoperative anthropometric evaluation. A variety of commercially available three-dimensional (3D) surface imaging systems are currently introduced to us in plastic surgery for these use. However, few studies have been published on the soft tissue morphology of unrepaired cleft infants described by these 3D surface imaging systems.Methods: The purpose of this study is to determine the accuracy of facial anthropometric measurements obtained through digital 3D photogrammetry and to compare with direct anthropometry for measurement in unilateral cleft lip patients. We compared our patients with three measurements of dimension made on both sides: heminasal width, labial height, and transverse lip length.Results: The preoperative measurements were not significantly different in both side of labial height and left side of heminasal width. Statistically significant differences were found on both side of transverse lip length and right side of heminasal width. Although the half of preoperative measurements were significantly different, trends of results showed average results were comparable.Conclusion: This is the first study in Korea to simultaneously compare digital 3D photogrammetry with traditional direct anthropometry in unilateral cleft lip patients. We desire this study could contribute the methodological choice of the many researchers for proper surgical planning in cleft lip reconstruction field.OAIID:oai:osos.snu.ac.kr:snu2013-01/102/0000004298/10SEQ:10PERF_CD:SNU2013-01EVAL_ITEM_CD:102USER_ID:0000004298ADJUST_YN:YEMP_ID:A072100DEPT_CD:852FILENAME:김석화-3d-nose-2013.pdfDEPT_NM:치의과학과SCOPUS_YN:NCONFIRM:

Successful removal of kinked J-guide wire under fluoroscopic guidance during central venous catheterization -A case report-

Guidewire-associated complications that occur during the process of central venous catheterization include its kinking, looping, knotting and breakage. The removal of a looped or knotted guidewire is problematic because it can cause vessel damage, major hemorrhage, or embolization of a fractured guidewire. We report a case of guidewire kinking and its successful removal under fluoroscopic guidance

Abnormalities of Otoacoustic Emissions in Myasthenia Gravis: Association With Serological and Electrophysiological Features

Objective: To investigate whether otoacoustic emissions (OAEs) are impaired in patients with myasthenia gravis (MG) and whether such dysfunction is associated with serological and electrophysiological features of MG.Methods: We tested 15 patients with MG (30 ears) and 10 healthy age- and sex-matched subjects (20 ears) for transiently evoked OAE (TEOAE) and distortion product OAE (DPOAE).Results: Compared with controls, MG patients revealed a significant reduction in the amplitude of TEOAEs (p &lt; 0.05) and DPOAEs at higher frequencies between 2,026 and 4,053 Hz (p &lt; 0.05). In the subgroup analysis, TEOAE and DPOAE amplitudes were significantly lower in the acetylcholine receptor (AChR) antibody-positive group (p &lt; 0.05) as well as in the repetitive nerve stimulation (RNS)-positive (p &lt; 0.05) group. In particular, the OAE alteration significantly correlated with anti-AChR antibody titers. No significant difference of the OAEs was found between thymomatous and non-thymomatous MG or between purely ocular and generalized MG.Conclusions: Our study confirms that OAEs reveal subclinical dysfunction of the cholinergic neurotransmission of cochlear outer hair cells and correlate well with electrophysiological and serological characteristics of MG patients. Our findings imply that the measurement of OAEs might increase the diagnostic accuracy and help to monitor the severity of MG