Relationship between theory of planned behavior factors and optimistic bias and vegetable and fruit intake in college students.

The purpose of this study is to verify the validity of the theory of planned behavior on the vegetable and fruit consumption behavior of college students and to explore the influence of the theory of planned behavior variables on the vegetable and fruit consumption behavior and the role of optimism bias in the relationship. The participants in this study were 249 college students (male: 107, female: 142), and their average age was 20.57 (SD = 2.14) years. In this study, we used a vegetable and fruit consumption frequency list based on Korean nutritional intake standards, the Fruit and Vegetable Module questionnaire, and a questionnaire measuring attitudes toward vegetable and fruit consumption, subjective norms, perceived behavioral control and intention, and optimistic bias. As a result of the analysis, it was verified that it was appropriate to adopt the theory of planned behavior model, which includes a direct path from perceived behavioral control to vegetable and fruit consumption behavior. In hierarchical regression analysis, the Theory of Planned Behavior variables explained about 28.8% of vegetable and fruit consumption behavior, and perceived behavioral control was the strongest predictor, and optimism bias accounted for an additional 1.9% of vegetable and fruit consumption behavior. appeared to explain it. In addition, optimistic bias moderated the relationship between attitude toward vegetable and fruit consumption and vegetable and fruit consumption behavior. Considering the results, it is reasonable to explain vegetable and fruit consumption behavior with the theory of planned behavior, and it was found that optimistic bias plays an important role in the relationship between attitudes toward vegetable and fruit consumption and vegetable and fruit consumption behavior.

Reliable Multivalued Conductance States in TaOx, Memristors through Oxygen Plasma-Assisted Electrode Deposition with in Situ-Biased Conductance State Transmission Electron Microscopy Analysis

Transition metal oxide-based memristors have widely been proposed for applications toward artificial synapses. In general, memristors have two or more electrically switchable stable resistance states that device researchers see as an analogue to the ion channels found in biological synapses. The mechanism behind resistive switching in metal oxides has been divided into electrochemical metallization models and valence change models. The stability of the resistance states in the memristor vary widely depending on: oxide material, electrode material, deposition conditions, film thickness, and programming conditions. So far, it has been extremely challenging to obtain reliable memristors with more than two stable multivalued states along with endurances greater than similar to 1000 cycles for each of those states. Using an oxygen plasma-assisted sputter deposition method of noble metal electrodes, we found that the metal-oxide interface could be deposited with substantially lower interface roughness observable at the nanometer scale. This markedly improved device reliability and function, allowing for a demonstration of memristors with four completely distinct levels from similar to 6 x 10(-6) to similar to 4 x 10(-8) S that were tested up to 10(4) cycles per level. Furthermore through a unique in situ transmission electron microscopy study, we were able to verify a redox reaction-type model to be dominant in our samples, leading to the higher degree of electrical state controllability. For solid-state synapse applications, the improvements to electrical properties will lead to simple device structures, with an overall power and area reduction of at least 1000 times when compared to SRAM.11Ysciescopu

TRIP13 Participates in Immediate-Early Sensing of DNA Strand Breaks and ATM Signaling Amplification through MRE11

Thyroid hormone receptor-interacting protein 13 (TRIP13) participates in various regulatory steps related to the cell cycle, such as the mitotic spindle assembly checkpoint and meiotic recombination, possibly by interacting with members of the HORMA domain protein family. Recently, it was reported that TRIP13 could regulate the choice of the DNA repair pathway, i.e., homologous recombination (HR) or nonhomologous end-joining (NHEJ). However, TRIP13 is recruited to DNA damage sites within a few seconds after damage and may therefore have another function in DNA repair other than regulation of the pathway choice. Furthermore, the depletion of TRIP13 inhibited both HR and NHEJ, suggesting that TRIP13 plays other roles besides regulation of choice between HR and NHEJ. To explore the unidentified functions of TRIP13 in the DNA damage response, we investigated its genome-wide interaction partners in the context of DNA damage using quantitative proteomics with proximity labeling. We identified MRE11 as a novel interacting partner of TRIP13. TRIP13 controlled the recruitment of MDC1 to DNA damage sites by regulating the interaction between MDC1 and the MRN complex. Consistently, TRIP13 was involved in ATM signaling amplification. Our study provides new insight into the function of TRIP13 in immediate-early DNA damage sensing and ATM signaling activation

The complete mitochondrial genome of Labidocera rotunda Mori, 1929 (Copepoda: Calanoida) from Jeju Island, Korea

We sequenced the complete mitochondrial genome of the copepod Labidocera rotunda (family Pontellidae) collected from Ihotaewoo Beach in Jeju, Korea. The mitochondrial genome was 16,564 bp in length and contained 13 protein-coding genes (PCGs), 22 transfer RNAs, and two ribosomal RNAs. The concatenated phylogenetic tree of L. rotunda was reconstructed using the maximum-likelihood method based on the eight PCGs obtained from eight species of copepods including L. rotunda. The results of the phylogeny analysis showed that L. rotunda was closely related to the family Temoridae among the three families. The complete mitochondrial genome of L. rotunda analyzed for the first time in this study provides insight into the phylogenetic and evolutionary relationship of Labidocera

Limited in vitro differentiation of porcine induced pluripotent stem cells into endothelial cells

Background: Pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) including embryonic stem cells (ESCs) and induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) offer the immense therapeutic potential in stem cell-based therapy of degenerative disorders. However, clinical trials of human ESCs cause heavy ethical concerns. With the derivation of iPSCs established by reprogramming from adult somatic cells through the transgenic expression of transcription factors, this problems would be able to overcome. In the present study, we tried to differentiate porcine iPSCs (piPSCs) into endothelial cells (ECs) for stem cell-based therapy of vascular diseases. Methods: piPSCs (OSKMNL) were induced to differentiation into ECs in four differentiation media (APEL-2, APEL-2 + 50 ng/mL of VEGF, EBM-2, EBM-2 + 50 ng/ mL of VEGF) on cultured plates coated with matrigel® (1:40 dilution with DMEM/F-12 medium) for 8 days. Differentiation efficiency of these cells were exanimated using qRT-PCR, Immunocytochemistry, Western blotting and FACS. Results: As results, expressions of pluripotency-associated markers (OCT-3/4, SOX2 and NANOG) were higher observed in all porcine differentiated cells derived from piPSCs (OSKMNL) cultured in four differentiation media than piPSCs as the control, whereas endothelial-associated marker (CD-31) in the differentiated cells was not expressed. Conclusions: It can be seen that piPSCs (OSKMNL) were not suitable to differentiate into ECs in the four differentiation media unlike porcine epiblast stem cells (pEpiSCs). Therefore, it would be required to establish a suitable PSCs for differentiating into ECs for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases

Improved magnetic relaxivity via hierarchical surface structure of dysprosium-engineered superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles in ultra-high magnetic field

To date, it is unknown whether the combination of Dy ions and superparamagnetic iron oxide (SPIO: Fe3O4) NPs can offer improved performance in UHF-MRI. In this work, we provide a paradigm of hierarchical surface-structured (His) DyxFe3-xO4 NPs as T-2 MRI nanoprobes at UHF (9.4T). We found that His-DyxFe3-xO4 NPs (x = 0.2) possess a higher transverse relaxivity than unmodified His-SPIO NPs and a significantly enhanced r(2)/r(1) ratio (up to10.4 times higher) than those of reported Dy-based T-2 MRI probes at 9.4 T. Furthermore, we demonstrate the effects of surface design of DyxFe3-xO4 NPs on their magnetic relaxivity and in vivo performance at UHF. The markedly enhanced r(2)/r(1) of His-DyxFe3-xO4 NPs (x = 0.2) at 9.4 T is mainly attributed to decreased r(1) relaxivity owing to the surface design and the possible disturbance of the Dy-Fe superexchange interaction. This work could provide an insightful strategy for the design of lanthanide-doped magnetic nanosystems as potential T-2 MRI nanoprobes in UHF. (C) 2019 The Korean Society of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.11Nsciescopuskc

Heterologous expression in E. coli and functional characterization of the tomato CPR enzymes

Abstract NADPH-cytochrome P450 reductase (CPR) is a key enzyme transferring electrons to cytochrome P450. In tomatoes (Solanum lycopersicum), two CPR genes, SlCPR1 and SlCPR2, were identified. In all the tested tomato tissues, SlCPR2 showed higher expression levels than SlCPR1. SlCPR2 expression increased significantly with jasmonic acid treatment. No significant changes were observed with salicylic acid or drought stress treatment. The cDNA of SlCPRs were expressed in Escherichia coli without any amino acid modification. And the heterologously expressed SlCPR enzymes were reacted with several protein and chemical substrates. SlCPR2 was more active than SlCPR1. Both SlCPR1 and SlCPR2 exhibited strong activity across a pH range of 6.0 to 9.0, with peak activity at pH 8.0. The study opens possibilities for CPR control, biocatalyst development, and exploring oxidase enzyme functions

Dimensionality Dependent Plasticity in Halide Perovskite Artificial Synapses for Neuromorphic Computing

The hysteretic behavior of organic-inorganic halide perovskites (OHPs) are exploited for application in neuromorphic electronics. Artificial synapses with 2D and quasi-2D perovskite are demonstrated that have a bulky organic cation (phenethylammonium (PEA)) to form structures of (PEA)(2)MA(n)(-1)Pb(n)Br(3)(n)(+1). The OHP films have morphological properties that depend on their structure dimensionality (i.e., n value), and artificial synapses fabricated from them show synaptic responses such as short-term plasticity, paired-pulse facilitation, and long-term plasticity. The operation mechanism of OHP artificial synapses are also analyzed depending on the dimensionality and it is found that quasi-2D (n = 3-5) OHP artificial synapses show much longer retention than 2D and 3D OHP counterparts. The calculated energy consumption of a 2D OHP artificial synapse (approximate to 0.7 fJ per synaptic event) is comparable to that of biological synapses (1-10 fJ per synaptic event). These OHP artificial synapses may enable development of neuromorphic electronics that use very little energy.N