Study on Biofilm Forming Ability of Certain Species of Staphylococci and Effect of Antibiotics on Them.

In our study, biofilm forming ability of Staphylococcal sp. was screened by using Tissue Culture Plate method (TCP), Tube Method (TM) and Congo Red Agar (CRA) methods. The biofilm forming abilities of three Staphylococcal sp. designated S-II, S-III and S-IV were compared with reference strain S-I. S-II exhibited strong biofilm producing ability when studied using all the three methods. The strain S-III exhibited strong biofilm producing ability in TCP and TM method but biofilm producing ability was poor as studied by CRA method. The strain S-IV exhibited moderate biofim producing ability in TCP method but biofilm producing ability was poor in TM and CRA methods. The adhesion process and biofilm formation on biomaterial were determined using 2, 3, 5 Triphenyl Tetrazolium Chloride (TTC) method. All strains were able to form biofilm on biomaterial between 72 to 96 hrs, irrespective of adhesion duration (S-I 12hrs, S-II 24hrs, S-III 24hrs and S-IV 48hrs). The concentration range of Ofloxacin in preventing adhesion process was found to be 3.9 to 62.5μg/ml. Biofilm formation was prevented at 15.6 to 125 μg/ml and to eradicate mature biofilm on biomaterial, 125 to 500 μg/ml was needed against all strains. The concentration range of Rifampin in preventing adhesion process was found to be 0.04 to 0.78μg/ml. Biofilm formation was prevented at 0.78 to 3.12 μg/ml and to eradicate mature biofilm on biomaterial 6.25 to 25 μg/ml concentrations was needed against all strains

A study on comparison of repairs of large direct inguinal hernia’s with or without tanner’s muscle slide incision at Kilpauk Medical College

A Genuine research work of titled “A study on comparison of repairs of large direct inguinal hernia’s with or without tanner’s muscle slide incison’’ at govt kilpauk medical college hospital, Chennai-10 carried out by me in the Dept. of General Surgery, Govt. Kilpauk Medical College & Hospital, under the guidance of our chief prof. Dr. Alli. DGO, MS. A total of 52 patients undergoing elective inguinal hernia repair were divided into two intervention groups of 26 each groups with consisted of patients who had tanners muscle slide down technique& groups without tanners consisted of patients who had not tanners muscle slide down technique. In our study age, gender, side of hernia presentation, duration of hernia, hernial content, complication and recurrence are analysed between the tanner’s group and without tanner’s group. On analysis the study from January 2017 to June 2017. We can conclude that when surgery related outcomes were matched, the following conclusion were observed in with tanner’s group compared to without tanner’s group: - shorter duration of hernia surgey, - shorter duration of postoperative hospital stay, - lesser postoperative pain till 6hrs, - higher patient satisfication. This study is a hypothesis proving study. Hence results have high clinical significance

Optimizing Pre-Trained Models of Deep Learning for Identification of Plant Disease

The Plant diseases should be identified early to prevent the economic loss of farmers and ensure the availability of food for humans. The plant disease identification can be automated by using the Artificial Intelligence techniques. Researchers have proposed many deep learning methods for identifying plant diseases. Deep learning models use an increased number of parameters, it requires higher computational power, training a deep learning model from start requires more time. In this article we utilized transfer learning along with fine tuning for identification of plant diseases. Cassava plant disease dataset was utilised for training. and evaluate the suggested model. The performance accuracy achieved by Resnet50 is 73.12 % and fine-tuned Resnet50 is 80.84 %. The fine-tuned model achieves greater accuracy with a lesser amount of parameters Impact Statement–Artificial Intelligence is evolving all around the world. The AI techniques are used to automate the process of plant disease identification. Traditional methods are not accurate and time consuming. To help the farmers in diagnosing plant disease and stop economic loss to them, we employ deep learning models to do the work. The pretrained models predict the plant diseases, further we fine-tune them in order to get high accuracy. Early identification of the diseases accurately will avoid loss and improve productivity of the crops

Percutaneous trigger thumb release: a safe push-pull technique

Background: Stenosing tenosynovitis of the thumb is an inflammation of flexor tendon sheath of A1 pulley. Percutaneous release has recently gained popularity. Successful percutaneous release depends upon proper prediction of the location of the A1 pulley and circumventing injury to the neurovascular bundles. The aim of this study was to determine the safety of percutaneous release of trigger thumb.Methods: Twenty eight patients were included in the study between 2015 and 2018. All the patients were percutaneously released using push-pull technique. Steroid injection was given following the release. Quinnell grading, patient questionnaire and visual analogue scale score was used to assess the patients at 2 weeks, 6 weeks and 6 months and 1 year.Results: Satisfactory results were found in 93% of patients. Two patients complained of pain and swelling till third week. No digital nerve injury occurred in any patients.Conclusions: Percutaneous trigger thumb release using this push-pull technique is a simple and a safe technique with very minimal complications.

Automatic generation control of a hydro - thermal and thermal - thermal systems in a deregulated environment

This paper deals with the applications of automatic generation control (AGC) of a hydro —thermal and thermal—thermal systems in a power system deregulated environment and makes an attempt to provide a new practical AGC model to fulfill the needs of a modern restructured hydro-thermal and thermal -thermal power system. Several Distribution Company, distribution Participation Matrix,and area participation factor have been tried out and dynamic responses for frequency, tie line flow and power generations are obtained to examine the performance of the system in deregulated environment considering integral controllers. Investigations have been also carried out to study the effect of generation rate constraint and the importance of APF in deregulated environment. Study also reveals that the conventional integral controllers are quite robust than PI and PID controllers and the optimum integral gains once set for nominal condition need not be changed for +25% variations in system parameters and +20% variations in operating load condition from their nominal values

Can isolated tibia intramedullary interlocking nailing in fracture distal 1/3rd both bone leg prevent fracture malalignment: will concurrent fibula fixation help?

Background: Different stand point prevails till date concerning fibular osteosynthesis in distal third both bone fracture fixation. This study was done to assess the post op alignment of distal third both bones fracture without fixing Fibula.Methods: A total of 30 patients who had distal 1/3rd extra articular tibia and fibula fractures were included in the study from July 2016 to April 2019. Tibial nailing was done in all cases with care is taken particularly to prevent malalingment of distal fragment. Radiological malalignment were assessed post operatively.Results: Of 30 patients, 5 patients had excellent results and 21 patients had good results, only 4 patients had fair results with valgus and varus malalignment, however these patients did not have any clinical problems associated with these malalignment at one year follow up. No patients had poor results. Valgus tibial malalignment is observed more frequently when fibular fracture is at proximal level.Conclusions: The level of Fibular fracture is important to determine when the fixation of this bone is indicated. Fixing ipsilateral tibial fracture with intramedullary interlocking (IMIL) nailing without fibular synthesis produce no gross change in alignment provided adequate care is taken for intra operative centering of the nail in both AP and lateral views

Unusual medial tibial plateau fracture fixation using dual plating

Background: Medial tibial plateau fractures is a subtype of proximal tibial fractures that involve the articular surface and can present in several distinct patterns. Purpose of this study was to assess the clinical outcome of stabilizing these biplanar medial tibial plateau fractures using dual plating technique through a single incision.Methods: Between 2017 to 2019, 12 men and 8 women with closed medial tibial plateau fracture who underwent reconstruction using two plates through a posteromedial approach were included in the study group. The fractures were classified using the three column concept of Lou.Results: One patient had an articular step off that was unacceptable and two patients had an acceptable articular step off. Functional assessment was done using the objective scoring of Oxford knee score criteria and radiological assessment was done using the Rasmussen modified score.Conclusions: Biplanar reconstruction using dual plates is a reliable and safe technique to reconstruct complex medial tibial plateau fractures

Automated Accidental Precautions in Public Transportation Management System

This paper aims at different types of transportation problems by presenting a proper management process to improve the public transportation management system. In modern era, the accidents and the indifference makes the major death rate, this is because of the lagging of immediate precautionary actions. In order to decrease the death rate and also to improve the immediate measures for the effect is proposed by using the method of IoT. In this system, every bus contains GPS to track the bus if it met with an accident, crash sensor and pressure sensor is also used to check whether the bus dashed with other vehicles or not and piezo sensor is to check if the bus roll down due to any mechanical failures. The level of accident at the hazardous weather that is, the wind flow at hills station makes an unstable condition for the transportation system. Basically, in hill areas the wind flowin every day is unpredictable one and a challengeable one. To avoid those risky factors, we implemented cruise control which accommodate the speed limit of the vehicles according to the pre-moving vehicles

Influence of substrate temperature on physical properties of MnSbInS4 thin films prepared by a simplified spray pyrolysis technique for photovoltaic applications

726-734MnSbInS4 multi-component semiconductor thin films are prepared by chemical spray pyrolysis on glass substrates at various substrate temperatures ranging from 250-400 °C with a constant spray time (5mins). The structural, morphological, optical and electrical properties of the thin films are investigated through different techniques such as X-ray diffraction (XRD), electron diffraction spectroscopy (EDS), UV-Vis absorption spectroscopy and four probe method. The X-ray spectra reveal that the MnSbInS4 films are polycrystalline in nature with a cubic spinel structure having (220) plane as the preferred orientation. The energy dispersive analysis by X-ray (EDS) studies confirm the presence of Mn, In, Sb and S in the film grown at a substrate temperature of 250 °C. Optical measurements allow us to determine the absorption coefficient which is as high as (1.22 x 105 cm-1) at 250 ºC indicating that MnSbInS4 compound has an absorbing property favorable for applications in solar cell devices. It is interesting to note that the structural homogeneity and crystallinity of the films is improved due to the decrease in absorption coefficient (α) and extinction coefficient (k) with an increase of substrate temperature. The observations from photoluminescence measurements reveal that the photoemission is mainly due to the donar-acceptor pair transitions. Moreover, from the electrical studies, it is observed that the electrical resistivity (ρ ) is strongly affected by substrate temperature and the lowest resistivity (ρ = 4.77 x 103 Ω m ) is obtained for the film grown at 400 ºC. Stylus profilometer was used to measure the film thickness and the values range between 768 nm (250 °C) to 617 nm (400 °C). This indicates that, as the substrate temperature increases, the thickness of the film decreases. Other important parameters like micro-strain (ε) and dislocation density (δ) which are commonly used to describe the structural analysis are also presented

Influence of substrate temperature on physical properties of MnSbInS4 thin films prepared by a simplified spray pyrolysis technique for photovoltaic applications

MnSbInS4 multi-component semiconductor thin films are prepared by chemical spray pyrolysis on glass substrates at various substrate temperatures ranging from 250-400 °C with a constant spray time (5mins). The structural, morphological, optical and electrical properties of the thin films are investigated through different techniques such as X-ray diffraction (XRD), electron diffraction spectroscopy (EDS), UV-Vis absorption spectroscopy and four probe method. The X-ray spectra reveal that the MnSbInS4 films are polycrystalline in nature with a cubic spinel structure having (220) plane as the preferred orientation. The energy dispersive analysis by X-ray (EDS) studies confirm the presence of Mn, In, Sb and S in the film grown at a substrate temperature of 250 °C. Optical measurements allow us to determine the absorption coefficient which is as high as (1.22 x 105 cm-1) at 250 ºC indicating that MnSbInS4 compound has an absorbing property favorable for applications in solar cell devices. It is interesting to note that the structural homogeneity and crystallinity of the films is improved due to the decrease in absorption coefficient (α) and extinction coefficient (k) with an increase of substrate temperature. The observations from photoluminescence measurements reveal that the photoemission is mainly due to the donar-acceptor pair transitions. Moreover, from the electrical studies, it is observed that the electrical resistivity (ρ ) is strongly affected by substrate temperature and the lowest resistivity (ρ = 4.77 x 103 Ω m ) is obtained for the film grown at 400 ºC. Stylus profilometer was used to measure the film thickness and the values range between 768 nm (250 °C) to 617 nm (400 °C). This indicates that, as the substrate temperature increases, the thickness of the film decreases. Other important parameters like micro-strain (ε) and dislocation density (δ) which are commonly used to describe the structural analysis are also presented