BlyS is up-regulated by hypoxia and promotes migration of human breast cancer cells

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>The role of B Lymphocyte Stimulator (BLyS) in the survival of malignant B cells and the maintenance of normal B cell development and homeostasis has been intensively studied in the literature. However, the influence of BLyS on breast cancer progression remains unclear. The study aimed to investigate the effect of hypoxia on BLyS regulation, cell migratory response to BLyS and the possible molecular mechanisms.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>In this study, we examined the role of BLyS in the migration of human breast cancer cells by transwell assay. We also explored whether BLyS and its receptors expressed in human breast cancer cell lines by immunofluorescence and Western Blotting. Then we detected the expression level of BLyS in both normoxic and hypoxic conditions by real time-PCR and Western Blotting. Pathways involved were confirmed by Western Blotting, immunofluorescence, transwell assay and luciferase assay.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>According to our study, the expression level of BlyS was increased in human breast cancer cell lines in hypoxic conditions. Up-regulation of this protein led to activation and nuclear translocation of NF-kappa B p65. We also found that the number of migrated cells was increased in the presence of BLyS and inhibition of phosphorylation of Akt attenuated the enhanced migratory response.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>It suggested that better understanding of BLyS, an immunopotentiator, may offer a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of human breast cancers. In addition, BLyS promoted breast cancer cells migration, underscoring the necessity of appropriate applications of immunopotentiators to cancer treatment.</p

Original Article Phase II clinical trial of palonosetron combined with tropisetron in preventing chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting

Abstract: The purpose of the study was to evaluate the efficacy and toxicity of palonosetron combined with tropisetron in preventing chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting. A total of 82 non-small cell lung cancer patients undergoing Docetaxel combined with Cisplatin were randomly divided into group A and group B. The patients were received palonosetron combined with tropisetron (group A, n = 42) or tropisetron alone (group B, n = 40) before initiation of chemotherapy. The nausea degree, antiemetic efficacy and safety after chemotherapy were evaluated. Patients were administered for rescue therapy if needed. Results showed no significant difference in complete remission rate (CRR) during acute phase (0-24 h post chemotherapy) between group A and group B (90.48% versus 75%, P &gt; 0.05). The CRR of group A during delayed (24-120 h post chemotherapy) and overall phases (0-120 h post chemotherapy) were 83.33% and 78.57%, higher than group B (50% and 42.50%, P &lt; 0.05). AS for the improvement rate of nausea during delayed phase, group A is better than group B (57.14% versus 35%, P &lt; 0.05). The adverse drug reactions of two groups were mild and generally well tolerated, including headache, constipation and abdominal distension, and no statistically significant differences were observed. In conclusions, compared to tropisetron alone, the therapy of palonosetron plus tropisetron is more effective and safer in controlling of nausea and vomiting induced by high emetic risk chemotherapy

Genome-wide association study of lung adenocarcinoma in East Asia and comparison with a European population.

Lung adenocarcinoma is the most common type of lung cancer. Known risk variants explain only a small fraction of lung adenocarcinoma heritability. Here, we conducted a two-stage genome-wide association study of lung adenocarcinoma of East Asian ancestry (21,658 cases and 150,676 controls; 54.5% never-smokers) and identified 12 novel susceptibility variants, bringing the total number to 28 at 25 independent loci. Transcriptome-wide association analyses together with colocalization studies using a Taiwanese lung expression quantitative trait loci dataset (n = 115) identified novel candidate genes, including FADS1 at 11q12 and ELF5 at 11p13. In a multi-ancestry meta-analysis of East Asian and European studies, four loci were identified at 2p11, 4q32, 16q23, and 18q12. At the same time, most of our findings in East Asian populations showed no evidence of association in European populations. In our studies drawn from East Asian populations, a polygenic risk score based on the 25 loci had a stronger association in never-smokers vs. individuals with a history of smoking (Pinteraction = 0.0058). These findings provide new insights into the etiology of lung adenocarcinoma in individuals from East Asian populations, which could be important in developing translational applications

Genome-wide association study of lung adenocarcinoma in East Asia and comparison with a European population

Lung adenocarcinoma is the most common type of lung cancer. Known risk variants explain only a small fraction of lung adenocarcinoma heritability. Here, we conducted a two-stage genome-wide association study of lung adenocarcinoma of East Asian ancestry (21,658 cases and 150,676 controls; 54.5% never-smokers) and identified 12 novel susceptibility variants, bringing the total number to 28 at 25 independent loci. Transcriptome-wide association analyses together with colocalization studies using a Taiwanese lung expression quantitative trait loci dataset (n = 115) identified novel candidate genes, including FADS1 at 11q12 and ELF5 at 11p13. In a multi-ancestry meta-analysis of East Asian and European studies, four loci were identified at 2p11, 4q32, 16q23, and 18q12. At the same time, most of our findings in East Asian populations showed no evidence of association in European populations. In our studies drawn from East Asian populations, a polygenic risk score based on the 25 loci had a stronger association in never-smokers vs. individuals with a history of smoking (P interaction  = 0.0058). These findings provide new insights into the etiology of lung adenocarcinoma in individuals from East Asian populations, which could be important in developing translational applications

New Method for the Solidification of High-Concentration Radioactive Borate Solution by Cement-Based Materials

Cement is widely used for the solidification of low- and intermediate-level radioactive waste materials. Radioactive borate solution with a high concentration of boron is one of the main radioactive wastes produced in nuclear stations. It is difficult to solidify this solution by using cement because borate has a great inhibitory effect on the cement hydration process. In this study, the hydration kinetics, strength, durability, phase assemblage, and transportation and transformation of the silicon of the paste that blended Portland cement with 5 M borate solution were investigated. After the addition of sodium hydroxide and sodium metasilicate to the paste, the cement hydration process was restarted, and the 28-days strength of samples met the requirements of the Chinese standard. The mechanism of overcoming the retardation of cement hydration by the borate solution was attributed to the formation of calcium metaborate, ettringite, portlandite, and calcium silicate hydrate with the restarting of cement hydration, without the formation of ulexite

Development of a Continuous-Flow Microreactor for Asymmetric Epoxidation of Electron-Deficient Olefins

Asymmetric epoxidation of electron-deficient olefins catalyzed by a biomimetic iron complex in a continuous-flow microreactor is described. The reaction conducted in the microreactor is characterized by rapid (<4 min) epoxidation of trisubstituted enones in high yields (up to 90%) and excellent enantioselectivities (up to 92% ee); compared to its batchwise counterpart, the microreactor reaction also allows shorter reaction times, safer operation, and more precise control over the reaction conditions

Chinese population: a case-control study

with risk of nasal NK/T-cell lymphoma in

High Compact, High Quality Single Longitudinal Mode Hundred Picoseconds Laser Based on Stimulated Brillouin Scattering Pulse Compression

A high beam quality hundred picoseconds single-longitudinal-mode (SLM) laser is demonstrated based on stimulated Brillouin scattering (SBS) pulse compression and aberration compensation. Flash-lamp-pumped Q-switched Nd3+:Y3Al5O12 (Nd:YAG) SLM laser with Cr4+:Y3Al5O12 (Cr4+:YAG) as a saturable absorber is used as the seed source. By combining master-oscillator-power-amplifier (MOPA), a compact single-cell with FC-770 as working medium is generated as pulse compressor. The 7.8 ns SLM laser is temporally compressed to about 450 ps, and 200 mJ energy is obtained at 1064 nm without optical damage. The energy stability is better than 3% with beam quality factor M2 less than 1.8, which makes this laser system an attractive source for scientific and industrial applications