29 research outputs found
Recent Trends on Privacy-Preserving Technologies under Standardization at the IETF
End-users are concerned about protecting the privacy of their sensitive
personal data that are generated while working on information systems. This
extends to both the data they actively provide including personal
identification in exchange for products and services as well as its related
metadata such as unnecessary access to their location. This is when certain
privacy-preserving technologies come into a place where Internet Engineering
Task Force (IETF) plays a major role in incorporating such technologies at the
fundamental level. Thus, this paper offers an overview of the
privacy-preserving mechanisms for layer 3 (i.e. IP) and above that are
currently under standardization at the IETF. This includes encrypted DNS at
layer 5 classified as DNS-over-TLS (DoT), DNS-over-HTTPS (DoH), and
DNS-over-QUIC (DoQ) where the underlying technologies like QUIC belong to layer
4. Followed by that, we discuss Privacy Pass Protocol and its application in
generating Private Access Tokens and Passkeys to replace passwords for
authentication at the application layer (i.e. end-user devices). Lastly, to
protect user privacy at the IP level, Private Relays and MASQUE are discussed.
This aims to make designers, implementers, and users of the Internet aware of
privacy-related design choices.Comment: 9 pages, 5 figures, 1 tabl
Physiology: Morphological characteristics of preimplantation stage endometrium in the rhesus monkey
The morphological characteristics of endometrium on day 6 after ovulation of conception (group 1) and non-fecund, menstrual (group 2) cycles have been studied in the rhesus monkey (n = 30). A conception cycle was distinguished by the presence of a developmentally normal, age—stage-synchronized embryo. Thus, 78% of the mated cycles (n = 18) yielding synchronous embryos (12 zona-encased and two zona-free blastocysts) were used for this study. On day 6 after ovulation, no significant changes in the serum concentrations of oestrogen and progesterone were seen in conception cycles (n = 14) compared with the non-mated, normal ovulatory cycles (n = 12). Morphometric analyses revealed that on day 6 of gestation (n = 8), endometrium differed from the corresponding non-mated luteal phase (n = 7) with significant increases in epithelial mitosis (P < 0.01), height of glandular epithelium (P < 0.05), volume ratio of gland cell to gland (P < 0.03), degree of pseudostratification (P < 0.02), and higher frequency of supranuclear, adluminal accumulation of vacuoles in gland cells (P < 0.05). The degree of stromal oedema was higher (P < 0.02) in fecund cycles but there was no change in venular diameter. In a separate set of experiments, estimates of tissue vascular response revealed a higher (P < 0.02) endometrial extravascular albumin space on the same day of gestation; there were no differences, however, in endometrial blood volume, or in the number of von Willebrand antigen-positive capillaries and small vessels between the two groups (group 1, n = 6; group 2, n = 5). The overall results of the present study together with our earlier reports support the hypothesis that differential changes occur in luteal phase endometrium functionalis in the presence of preimplantation stage blastocyst in the rhesus monke
Through the Lens of Google CrUX: Dissecting Web Browsing Experience Across Devices and Countries
User quality of experience in the context of Web browsing is being researched
widely, with plenty of developments occurring alongside technological advances,
not seldom driven by big industry players. With the huge reach and
infrastructure of Google, the Chrome User Experience Report (CrUX) provides
quantitative real-life measurement data of a vast magnitude. Analysis of this
steadily expanding dataset aggregating different user experience metrics,
yields tangible insights into actual trends and developments. Hence, this paper
is the first to study the CrUX dataset from the viewpoint of relevant metrics
by quantitative evaluation of users Web browsing experience across three device
types and nine European countries. Analysis of data segmented by connection
type in the device dimension shows desktops outperforming other device types
for all metrics. Similar analysis in the country dimension, shows North
European countries (Sweden, Finland) having maximum 4G connections (85.99%,
81.41% respectively) and steadily performing 25%-36% better at the 75th
percentile across all metrics compared to the worst performing country. Such a
high-level longitudinal analysis of real-life Web browsing experience provides
an extensive base for future research.Comment: 7 pages, 4 figures and 1 tabl
IUPS Physiology Education Workshop series in India: organizational mechanics, outcomes, and lessons
Peer reviewe
Immunocytochemical localization of binding 'sites' for LH and hCG in preimplantation mouse embryos
By using an immunoperoxidase indirect antibody method, mouse blastocysts were found to bind specifically hCG and ovine LH but not FSH or the β unit of hCG. Brown peroxidase reaction products were present in the morula and increased with the formation of the blastocoele. The LH/hCG binding 'sites' may be related to the initiation of steroidogenesis in the embryo