Atmospheric consequences of trade and human development: A case of BRIC countries

This paper looks into the causal association between economic growth, CO2 emission, trade volume, and human development indicator for Brazil, Russia, India, and China (BRIC countries) during 1980-2013. Following a generalized method of moments (GMM) technique, we have found out that bidirectional causality exists between CO2 emissions and economic growth. Feedback hypothesis is supported between CO2 emissions and human development, trade volume and human development, economic growth, and human development, and CO2 emissions and trade volume. Apart from finding out the unidirectional association from trade volume to economic growth, this study also validated the existence of Environmental Kuznets curve. Empirical findings of the study substantiate that the policymakers of the BRIC nations must focus on the green energy initiatives, either by in-house development or by technology transfer. This movement will allow them to control the ambient air pollutions prevalent in these nations

Atmospheric consequences of trade and human development: A case of BRIC countries

This paper looks into the causal association between economic growth, CO2 emission, trade volume, and human development indicator for Brazil, Russia, India, and China (BRIC countries) during 1980-2013. Following a generalized method of moments (GMM) technique, we have found out that bidirectional causality exists between CO2 emissions and economic growth. Feedback hypothesis is supported between CO2 emissions and human development, trade volume and human development, economic growth, and human development, and CO2 emissions and trade volume. Apart from finding out the unidirectional association from trade volume to economic growth, this study also validated the existence of Environmental Kuznets curve. Empirical findings of the study substantiate that the policymakers of the BRIC nations must focus on the green energy initiatives, either by in-house development or by technology transfer. This movement will allow them to control the ambient air pollutions prevalent in these nations

Atmospheric consequences of trade and human development: A case of BRIC countries

This paper looks into the causal association between economic growth, CO2 emission, trade volume, and human development indicator for Brazil, Russia, India, and China (BRIC countries) during 1980-2013. Following a generalized method of moments (GMM) technique, we have found out that bidirectional causality exists between CO2 emissions and economic growth. Feedback hypothesis is supported between CO2 emissions and human development, trade volume and human development, economic growth, and human development, and CO2 emissions and trade volume. Apart from finding out the unidirectional association from trade volume to economic growth, this study also validated the existence of Environmental Kuznets curve. Empirical findings of the study substantiate that the policymakers of the BRIC nations must focus on the green energy initiatives, either by in-house development or by technology transfer. This movement will allow them to control the ambient air pollutions prevalent in these nations

Rotating Dyonic Black Holes in Heterotic String Theory

We study a class of rotating dyonic black holes in the heterotic string theory in four dimension which have left, right independent electric charges but have same magnitude for the left and right magnetic charges. In both left and right sector the electric and the magnetic vectors are orthogonal to each other. The gyromagnetic(electric) ratios are in general found not to have an upper bound.Comment: harvmac, no figures, version appeared in Phys. Lett. B38

Duality between imperfect resources and measurements for propagating entanglement in networks

We propose a measurement-based entanglement propagation strategy for networks in which all nodes except two are initially occupied by a suitably chosen single-qubit system and the two nodes share a bipartite noisy entangled state. The connections between the sites are established using unsharp two-qubit measurements. When only a single node performs measurements, we refer to it as a unidirectional protocol while when both parts of the initial entangled states perform measurements, we call it a bidirectional scheme. When the measurement outcome is post-selected, we demonstrate that in the presence of a local amplitude damping channel acting on a single site, entanglement shareability, as measured by the monogamy score, of the resulting state after measurement can be higher for all values of the strength of the noise than that of the scenario without noise. We observe that irrespective of the channel, there exists a range of unsharpness parameter where a higher monogamy score may be obtained starting from the initial nonmaximally entangled states than from the initial maximally entangled state. We report that the effect of noise on the average monogamy score entered from the resource state may be reduced faster with the unidirectional protocol than with the bidirectional one.Comment: 13 pages, 11 figure

Microstructure and Property Co-relation of 4% Carbon Fe-C Alloy System

The suitable combination of strength and toughness makes ductile cast iron (DCI) the most preferred alloy for structural and engineering applications, among other members in the Fe-C alloy system. The property of DCI is dependent upon its microstructure that varies with dosage of alloying elements during the casting process as well as upon subjected to different heat treatment process. The microstructure of DCI consists of spheroidal graphite and either a single phase or combination of phases depending upon alloying element and heat treatment process, consequentially resulting in a combination of strength and toughness as desired for specified application. The current chapter discusses the relation between change in microstructural aspects with respect to various alloying elements as well as heat treatment processes. Emphasis is given on reveling the effect of physical characteristics with mechanical and tribological properties. The chapter is concluded by a case study on the effect of alloying elements and heat treatment processes on microstructure as well as mechanical and tribological properties of DCI

The use of pedicled prepucial skin flap urethroplasty for proximal bulbomembraneous urethral stricture in children: an easy alternative to transpubic urethroplasty

Objective: Pediatric urethral strictures are not uncommon, and a myriad of treatment options is available. The use of pedicled prepucial skin to augment a narrowed urethra is one of the useful methods. In this study, we describe the successful use of this technique in three children with stricture of the proximal bulbomembranous urethra.Materials and methods: In this study, we reviewed three children aged 4, 7, and 10 years, respectively, with proximal bulbomembranous urethral stricture, who were treated at Christian Medical College, Vellore, India, between 2012 and 2014, using a pedicled prepucial skin flap.Results: The mean follow-up time was 28 months (range: 20–41 months). There were no intraoperative or postoperative complications. All three children were symptom-free with a good urinary stream at last follow-up.Conclusion: The pedicled prepucial flap technique for proximal bulbomembranous urethral stricture in children is simple and easy to perform with good overall outcome.Keywords: children, prepucial flap, urethral stricture, urethroplast

Sequential Reattempt of Telecloning

The task of a telecloning protocol is to send an arbitrary qubit possessed by a sender to multiple receivers. Instead of performing Bell measurement at the sender's node, if one applies unsharp measurement, we show that the shared state can be recycled for further telecloning protocol. Specifically, in case of a single sender and two receivers, the maximal attempting number, which is defined as the maximum number of rounds used by the channel to obtain quantum advantage in the fidelity, turns out to be three both for optimal and nonoptimal shared states for telecloning while the maximal number reduces to two in case of three receivers. Although the original telecloning with quantum advantage being possible for arbitrary numbers of receivers, we report that the recycling of resources is not possible in telecloning involving a single sender and more than three receivers, thereby demonstrating a no-go theorem. We also connect the maximal achievable fidelities in each round with the bipartite entanglement content of the reduced state between the sender and one of the receivers as well as with the monogamy score of entanglement.Comment: v1: 12 pages, 5 figures; v2: 13 pages, 5 figures; close to the publish versio