2 research outputs found

    Évaluation clinique des difficultĂ©s Ă  la marche et de paramĂštres bio-mĂ©taboliques au cours des tests d’oxymĂ©trie Ă  la marche

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    Walking is the primary means of human movement. It is essential for human autonomy and contributes to a good quality of life. However, it can be compromised by physiological ageing or by numerous pathologies that lead to walking disabilities with a reduction in functional walking capacity. Among the diseases that cause walking disability, lower extremity arterial disease (LEAD) occupies an important place. The assessment of walking ability by self-administered clinical questionnaires are not optimally applicable to populations with a high proportion of illiterate people. These questionnaires require the patient to be able to read and write in a given language. In LEAD, the use of different walking protocols for the assessment of walking ability with treadmill walking tests makes it difficult to interpret the results. Also, the biology of LEAD is less well known than the clinic and there is a poor correlation between these two parameters.In this thesis, a pictorial questionnaire called WELSH (Walking Estimated Limitation Stated by History) was designed and tested for the evaluation of walking ability in a predominantly illiterate population. In LEAD patients it has been shown that a slow treadmill speed is not mandatory for patients with severe walking limitations during TcPO2 testing. Regarding the biology of LEAD, lactatemia increases significantly with exercise as well as many other metabolites following metabolomic studies. The variations of these bio-metabolic parameters during exercise in LEAD patients correlate for some with the clinical criteria of severity of arterial disease, including the importance of exercise ischemia measured by the TcPO2 technique.These different studies contribute to a better investigation of walking disabilities and a better understanding of the pathophysiology of LEAD. They pave the way for future studies on walking capacity limitations in general and on LEAD in particular.La marche est le premier moyen de dĂ©placement de l’ĂȘtre l’humain. Elle est capitale pour l’autonomie de la personne humaine et participe Ă  une bonne qualitĂ© de vie. Cependant elle peut ĂȘtre compromise par le vieillissement physiologique ou par de nombreuses pathologies qui entrainent des difficultĂ©s Ă  la marche avec une rĂ©duction de la capacitĂ© fonctionnelle Ă  la marche. Parmi ces pathologies pourvoyeuses de difficultĂ©s Ă  la marche l’ArtĂ©riopathie OblitĂ©rante des Membres InfĂ©rieurs (AOMI) occupe une place importante. L’évaluation de la capacitĂ© de marche par les questionnaires cliniques auto-administrĂ©s reste difficilement accessible aux populations avec une forteproportion de personnes analphabĂštes. Ces questionnaires exigent que le patient sache lire et Ă©crire dans une langue donnĂ©e. Dans l’AOMI, l’utilisation de protocoles de marche diffĂ©rents pour l’évaluation de la capacitĂ© de marche desartĂ©riopathes lors des tests de marche sur tapis roulant rend difficile l’interprĂ©tation des rĂ©sultats. Aussi la biologie de l’AOMI est moins bien connue que la clinique et il existe une mauvaise corrĂ©lation entre ces deux paramĂštres. Dans ce travail de thĂšse, un questionnaire imagĂ© dĂ©nommĂ© WELSH (Walking Estimated Limitation Stated by History) a Ă©tĂ© conçu et expĂ©rimentĂ© pour l’évaluation de la capacitĂ© de marche dans une population majoritairement analphabĂšte. Chez les patients artĂ©riopathes il a Ă©tĂ© montrĂ© qu’un protocole lent n’est pas obligatoire pour les patients trĂšs limitĂ©s Ă  la marche au cours des tests d’oxymĂ©trie Ă  la marche (TcPO2). Concernant la biologie de l’AOMI, la lactatĂ©mie augmente de maniĂšre significative Ă  l’effort ainsi que de nombreux autres mĂ©tabolites suite aux analyses mĂ©tabolomiques d’échantillons sanguins de patients artĂ©riopathes avant et aprĂšs un test marche maximal sur le tapis roulant. Les variations de ces paramĂštres bio-mĂ©taboliques au cours de l’effort chez l’artĂ©riopathe corrĂšlent pour certains avec les critĂšres cliniques de sĂ©vĂ©ritĂ© de l’AOMI dont l’importance de l’ischĂ©mie d’effort mesurĂ©e par la technique de la TcPO2.Ces diffĂ©rents travaux contribuent Ă  une meilleure exploration des difficultĂ©s Ă  la marche et Ă  une meilleure comprĂ©hension de la physiopathologie de l’AOMI. Ils ouvrent la voie Ă  de futures Ă©tudes sur les limitations de la capacitĂ© de marche en gĂ©nĂ©ral et sur l’AOMI en particulier

    Investigation of arterial claudication with transcutaneous oxygen pressure at exercise: Interests and limits

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    International audienceTranscutaneous oxygen pressure (TcpO2) measurement has been used for years at rest in patients with lower extremity artery disease. It was proposed for exercise testing (Ex-TcpO2) in the 80ies to evaluate regional blood flow impairment (RBFI) at the proximal and distal levels simultaneously and on both sides, in case of claudication. It was suggested that the use of a chest electrode was mandatory to show that decreases in TcpO2 at the limb level result from limb RBFI and not from a systemic pO2 decrease of cardiopulmonary origin (exercise-induced hypoxemia). Unfortunately, a major pitfall of Ex-TcpO2 was the low absolute reliability of the regional perfusion index (RPI: ratio of limb to chest values) and the technique was almost abandoned until 2003, when the DROP index (Decrease from rest of oxygen pressure: limb changes minus chest changes from rest) was proposed. The DROP mathematical formula makes Tcpo2 results independent from the absolute pO2 starting values, improving reliability of Ex-TcpO2 as compared to the RPI. Since then, Ex-TcpO2 has been of renewed interest. The present paper addresses the physiology of Ex-TcpO2, interpretation of its results, and common misunderstandings about its use
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