Kahoot como herramienta de autoevaluación en la universidad

[EN] The present study addresses the use of Kahoot as a self-assessment tool in the university classroom. The experiment was conducted in the subject of Bromatology of the Degree in Human Nutrition and Dietetics (San Vicente Mártir Catholic University of Valencia) during the academic year 2016-2017 with a population sample of 45. At the end of each thematic block test questions were designed linked to the contents and the students answered them through the mobile phone. The students valued the application in a very positive way as a tool to improve learning. The percentage of questions answered correctly exceeded 50% in all the questionnaires. In addition, they rated the methodology as very good to excellent. In summary, the use of Kahoot according to the results obtained suggests that it could be a good method to motivate student study and as a selfevaluation system[ES] El presente estudio aborda la utilización de Kahoot como herramienta de autoevaluación el aula universitaria. El experimento se realizó en la asignatura de Bromatología del Grado de Nutrición Humana y Dietética (Universidad Católica de Valencia San Vicente Mártir) durante el curso académico 2016-2017 con una muestra poblacional de 45. Al final de cada bloque temático se diseñaron preguntas tipo test vinculadas con los contenidos y los alumnos las contestaron a través del teléfono móvil. Los estudiantes valoraron de forma muy positiva la aplicación como herramienta para mejorar el aprendizaje. El porcentaje de preguntas contestadas correctamente superó en todos los cuestionarios el 50%. Además, valoraron la metodología como muy buena a excelente. En resumen, el uso de Kahoot según los resultados obtenidos, sugiere que podría ser un buen método para motivar el estudio del alumnado y como sistema de autoevaluación.Sempere Ferre, F. (2018). Kahoot como herramienta de autoevaluación en la universidad. En IN-RED 2018. IV Congreso Nacional de Innovación Educativa y Docencia en Red. Editorial Universitat Politècnica de València. 250-255. https://doi.org/10.4995/INRED2018.2018.8730OCS25025

Nuevas estrategias metodológicas para incentivar el estudio y el trabajo cooperativo en el contexto universitario

[ES] Muchos estudiantes que ingresan actualmente en la universidad, carecen de hábitos de estudio. Con el objetivo de incentivar estos, aumentar la motivación y mejorar el aprendizaje de la asignatura se planteó una nueva estrategia metodológica. La investigación se realizó en un grupo de 40 alumnos Se establecieron grupos de cuatro personas de forma aleatoria. Consecutivamente cada grupo eligió una pregunta al azar entre 70 cuestiones formuladas de distinta tipología. Por cada respuesta acertada, el equipo recibió una pieza de un puzle para configurar una figura. Al equipo ganador se le asignó un 0,1 de la nota final de la asignatura. El experimento se realizó tres veces durante el cuatrimestre con diferentes cuestiones. El 95 % de los estudiantes valoraron positivamente la actividad, mostrando un alto grado de motivación y satisfacción en el trabajo en equipo.[EN] Many students currently entering college, lack of study habits. In order to encourage these, increase the motivation and improve the learning of the subject, a new methodological strategy was proposed. The research was carried out in a group of 40 students. Groups of four people were ramdomly established. Consecutively, each group chose a question at random from 70 questions of different types. For each correct answer, the team received a piece of a puzzle to create a figure. The winning team was assigned 0.1 points from the final score of the subject. The experiment was carried out three times during the quarter, each time with different questions. 95% of students evaluated the activity positively, showing a high degree of motivation and satisfaction in teamwork.Sempere Ferre, F. (2021). Nuevas estrategias metodológicas para incentivar el estudio y el trabajo cooperativo en el contexto universitario. En IN-RED 2020: VI Congreso de Innovación Educativa y Docencia en Red. Editorial Universitat Politècnica de València. 258-263. https://doi.org/10.4995/INRED2020.2020.11974OCS25826

Instagram as a learning tool in the university context

[EN] The classical methods used to teach practical subjects in today's university context mean that students are not very motivated when they come to the laboratory. This fact generates the need for teachers to look for new alternatives that can improve learning. Social networks have become very important in today's society and can be a good tool to use in university education. This research was carried out in the academic year 2021-2022 in the subject of Bromatology, which is taken in the second year of the first term of the Degree in Human Nutrition and Dietetics at the Catholic University of Valencia San Vicente Mártir, in a population sample of 40 students. In the practical session, a bromatological analysis of different flours was carried out. The general objective of this study was to research the use of Instagram as a tool to encourage motivation, the learning of part of the practical knowledge of the subject and to promote collaborative work. All the students stated that the incorporation of the use of the social network as a means of disseminating their photographs, and the creation of the scientific photography competition through this tool produced a high degree of motivation in them, and 96% recognised that this methodological strategy improved the assimilation of the concepts taught in the practical content of the subject and encouraged teamwork.[ES] Los métodos clásicos utilizados para impartir las prácticas de las asignaturas en el contexto universitario actual, hace que los alumnos acudan al laboratorio poco motivados. Este hecho genera la necesidad de que los docentes se planteen buscar nuevas alternativas que puedan mejorar el aprendizaje. Las redes sociales han adquirido un gran protagonismo en la sociedad actual y pueden ser una buena herramienta a utilizar en el ámbito educativo universitario. Esta investigación se realizó en el curso académico 2021-2022 en la asignatura de Bromatología que se cursa en segundo en el primer cuatrimestre del Grado de Nutrición Humana y Dietética en la Universidad Católica de Valencia San Vicente Mártir en una muestra poblacional de 40 alumnos. En la sesión práctica se realizó un análisis bromatológico de diferentes harinas. El objetivo general que se planteó en este estudio, fue investigar el uso de Instagram como herramienta para incentivar la motivación, el aprendizaje de parte de los conocimientos prácticos de la asignatura y fomentar el trabajo colaborativo. Todos los alumnos manifestaron que la incorporación del uso de la red social como medio de divulgación de sus fotografías, y la creación del concurso de fotografía científica a través de esta herramienta produjo en ellos alto grado de motivación, además el 96% reconocieron que esta estrategia metodológica mejoró la asimilación de los conceptos impartidos en los contenidos prácticos de la asignatura y fomentó el trabajo en equipo.Sempere Ferre, F. (2022). Instagram como herramienta de aprendizaje en el contexto universitario. Editorial Universitat Politècnica de València. 1048-1054. https://doi.org/10.4995/INRED2022.2022.158831048105

A new biocontrol agent of Drechslera oryzae

El hongo patógeno del arroz Drechslera oryzae se inoculó en un mismo sustrato junto a Trichoderma harzianum en distintas condiciones medioambientales. Los mecanismos ejercidos por T. harzianum para antagonizar a D. oryzae y que en algunos casos actuaron sinérgicamente fueron: competencia por el espacio y los nutrientes, micoparasitismo y posible antibiosis. La capacidad antagonista de T. harzianum aumentó con los valores de temperatura y actividad del agua.The rice pathogen Drechslera oryzae and the antagonistic fungus Trichoderma harzianum were inoculated in the same substratum at different environmental conditions. The mechanisms exerted by T. harzianum as antagonist over D. oryzae and that on some occasions acted sinergically were: competitiveness for space and nutrients, mycoparasitism and a possible antibiosis. The antagonistic capacity of T. harzianum was higher as the values of water activity and temperature were increasing.Ciencias Experimentale

Effect of water activity and temperature on growth and sporulation of Aspergillus niger P. E. L. van Tieghem

El efecto de la actividad de agua (0,85, 0,90, 0,95, 0,98, 0,995) sobre el crecimiento y la esporulación de Aspergillus niger fue estudiado a distintas temperaturas (15 y 25 ºC). La máxima ratio de crecimiento de la especie se registró a una actividad de agua de 0,98, y se observó desarrollo en todo el intervalo ensayado salvo a 0,85 y 15 ºC. Además, se investigaron sus características morfológicas y culturales en las distintas condiciones de experimentación. A. niger esporuló en casi todas las actividades de agua y temperatura. Ambos factores y su interacción tuvieron un efecto significativo sobre el desarrollo de la especie.The effect of water activity (0.85, 0.90, 0.95, 0.98, 0.995) on the growth and sporulation of Aspergillus niger was studied at different temperatures (15 and 25 ºC). Maximum fungal growth rate occurred at water activity of 0.98, with growth being observed throughout the tested interval except at 0.85 and 15 ºC. In addition, morphological and cultural features were studied in the different experimental conditions. This species sporulated at almost all conditions. Both factors and their interaction had a significant effect on the development of the species.Ciencias Experimentale

Effect of water activity and temperature on growth and sporulation of Aspergillus niger P. E. L. van Tieghem

[ES] El efecto de la actividad de agua (0,85, 0,90, 0,95, 0,98, 0,995) sobre el crecimiento y la esporulación de Aspergillus niger fue estudiado a distintas temperaturas (15 y 25 ºC). La máxima ratio de crecimiento de la especie se registró a una actividad de agua de 0,98, y se observó desarrollo en todo el intervalo ensayado salvo a 0,85 y 15 ºC. Además, se investigaron sus características morfológicas y culturales en las distintas condiciones de experimentación. A. niger esporuló en casi todas las actividades de agua y temperatura. Ambos factores y su interacción tuvieron un efecto significativo sobre el desarrollo de la especie[EN] The effect of water activity (0.85, 0.90, 0.95, 0.98, 0.995) on the growth and sporulation of Aspergillus niger was studied at different temperatures (15 and 25 ºC). Maximum fungal growth rate occurred at water activity of 0.98, with growth being observed throughout the tested interval except at 0.85 and 15 ºC. In addition, morphological and cultural features were studied in the different experimental conditions. This species sporulated at almost all conditions. Both factors and their interaction had a significant effect on the development of the speciesSempere Ferre, F.; Santamarina Siurana, MP. (2021). Efecto de la actividad de agua y la temperatura sobre el crecimiento y la esporulación de Aspergillus niger P.E.L. van Tieghem. Nereis. Revista Iberoamericana Interdisciplinar de Métodos, Modelización y Simulación. 13:127-133. https://doi.org/10.46583/nereis_2021.13.8171271331

Evaluating the Antifungal Potential of Botanical Compounds to Contrl Botryotinia fuckeliana and Rhizoctonia solani

[EN] The European Union is promoting regulatory changes to ban fungicides because of the impact their use has on the ecosystem and the adverse effects they can pose for humans. An ecofriendly alternative to these chemicals to fight against fungal species with low toxicity is essential oils and their compounds extracted from aromatic plants. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the in vitro antifungal capacity of the botanical compounds eugenol, carvacrol, thymol, and cinnamaldehyde, and the synergy or antagonism of their mixtures, against Botryotinia fuckeliana and Rhizoctonia solani. Different bioassays were performed at doses of 300, 200, 150, and 100 mu g/mL using pure commercial compounds and their combination in potato dextrose agar culture medium. Growth rate and the mycelium growth inhibition parameters were calculated. Phenolic compounds and their combination inhibited the development of species at the different concentrations, with fungicidal or fungistatic activity shown under almost all the tested conditions. When comparing the growth rates of the species in the control plates and treatments, the statistical analysis showed that there were statistically significant differences. The mixture of compounds improved fungicidal activity against the studied species and at a lower concentration of monoterpenes.This research was funded by the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness, Programme-oriented Societal Challenges 2016-2019, grant number AGL2016-76699-R-AR.Sempere-Ferre, F.; Asamar, J.; Castell-Zeising, V.; Rosello Caselles, J.; Santamarina Siurana, MP. (2021). Evaluating the Antifungal Potential of Botanical Compounds to Contrl Botryotinia fuckeliana and Rhizoctonia solani. Molecules. 26(9):1-13. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules26092472S11326

Biofilm containing the Thymus serpyllum essential oil for rice and cherry tomato conservation

IntroductionFungal pathogens cause major yield losses in agriculture and reduce food quality and production worldwide.PurposeTo evaluate new safer alternatives to chemicals for disease management and preserve the shelf life of food, this research was conducted to: determine the chemical composition of the essential oils (EOs) of Thymus serpyllum and Thymus piperella chemotypes 1 and 2; investigate the antifungal potential of EOs in vitro against: Alternaria alternata, Bipolaris spicifera, Curvularia hawaiiensis, Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici, Penicillium italicum, Botryotinia fuckeliana; evaluate a natural T. serpyllum extract biofilm to conserve rice grain and cherry tomatoes.MethodEOs were analyzed by GC-MS+GC-FID. EOs’ antifungal activity was evaluated by dissolving Thymus extracts in PDA. Petri dishes were inoculated with disks of each fungus and incubated at 25°C for 7 days.ResultsThe T. serpyllum EO displayed the best Mycelial Growth Inhibition. The antifungal effect of the T. serpyllum EO biofilm was evaluated on rice caryopsis. Disinfected grains were dipped in a conidial suspension of each fungus and sprayed with EO (300 and 600 μg/mL) prepared in Tween 20. Grains were stored. The percentage of infected grains was recorded for 30 days. The T. serpyllum EO effect on cherry tomato conservation was evaluated in vivo. Wounded fruit were immersed in the T. serpyllum EO (300 and 400 μg/mL) and inoculated with Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici. Fruit were evaluated for 7 and 14 days. Chemical profiles thymol/carvacrol for T. serpyllum, carvacrol for T. piperella Tp1 and thymol for T. piperella Tp2 were defined. The three evaluated EOs reduced all the studied phytopathogens’ fungal growth. The T. serpyllum biofilm was effective with rice storage and against Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici for extending the shelf life of tomatoes in warehouses and storing postharvest cherry tomatoes.ConclusionWe suggest applying these EOs as biofilms for safe food conservation to replace synthetic products

Chemical composition of essential oils of three Mentha species and their antifungal activity against selected phytopathogenic and post-harvest fungi

This is an Accepted Manuscript of an article published by Taylor & Francis in All Life (Online) on 05 Jan 2022, available online: http://www.tandfonline.com/10.1080/26895293.2021.2022007[EN] The postharvest life of most fruit, vegetables and cereals is limited by fungal proliferation. The chemical composition of Mentha piperita, M. spicata and M. suaveolens essential oils (EO), and the antifungal activity against four pathogenic and post-harvest fungi isolated from food, were herein investigated to evaluate their potential as natural food preservatives. The EO were obtained by hydrodistillation of aerial parts leaves, stems and inflorescences (except for peppermint oil, which was purchased in a specialized store) and submitted to GC-MS and GC-FID analysis. Regarding the EO composition, carvone (41.1%) and limonene (14.1%) were the major compounds in M. spicata, menthol (47.0%) and menthone (23.1%), as well as other menthol derivatives (neomenthol -3.6%- and menthofurane -3.7%-) in M. piperita, and piperitone oxide (40.2%) and piperitenone oxide (31.4%) in M. suaveolens. Botryotinia fuckeliana was the most sensitive fungus. The three studied EO inhibited growth by 92¿100%. The highest dose of M. suaveolens EO, 400 ¿g/mL, produced 100% MGI in all the studied fungi, except Fusarium oxysporum with 94.21%. The M. suaveolens EO can be considered to develop a low-risk enviro-friendly botanical biofungicide.The authors also thank the Spanish Type Culture Collection (CECT) for providing the molecular strain identification equipment. This study has been financed by MINECO, Ministerio de Economía y competitividad `Materiales biodegradables multicapa de alta barrera para el envasado activo de alimentos¿ (AGL2016-76699-R).Santamarina Siurana, MP.; Llorens Molina, JA.; Sempere Ferre, F.; Santamarina Siurana, MC.; Rosello Caselles, J.; Giménez Santamarina, S. (2022). Chemical composition of essential oils of three Mentha species and their antifungal activity against selected phytopathogenic and post-harvest fungi. All Life (Online). 15(1):64-73. https://doi.org/10.1080/26895293.2021.2022007647315

Prevalence of the Phelan-McDermid Syndrome in Spain

Fundamentos: El Síndrome de Phelan-McDermid es una enfermedad poco frecuente de origen genético causada por la deleción del extremo terminal del cromosoma 22 región q13.3 o por mutaciones puntuales que afectan al gen SHANK3. Los objetivos de este trabajo fueron determinar la prevalencia de la enfermedad en la población española, establecer la distribución geográfica del síndrome entre las distintas comunidades autónomas, dilucidar el rango de edad en el que existen más pacientes y estudiar la relación enfermedad-sexo así como la edad media al diagnóstico. Métodos: Para la investigación se reclutaron pacientes diagnósticados con la enfermedad durante doce años en todo el territorio español. La información clínica de los pacientes se obtuvo de los médicos de referencia mediante dos cuestionarios estandarizados completados con datos de los informes médicos y la entrevista a los padres. El diagnóstico molecular de la enfermedad se realizó utilizando diferentes formatos de microarrays. Los datos se trataron utilizando Microsoft Excel y Statgraphics Centurion XVII. Resultados: Actualmente en España existen 201 personas diagnosticadas con la enfermedad siendo su prevalencia de 4x10-4/10.000 habitantes. La comunidad con más pacientes diagnosticados fue Madrid y no hubo diferencias significativas en cuanto al sexo y la enfermedad, la edad media al diagnóstico se sitúa en torno a los 6,67 años. Conclusiones: La prevalencia de la enfermedad en España es muy baja pudiéndose afirmar que es muy probable que en la población existan más personas con este síndrome.Background: Phelan-McDermid syndrome is a rare genetic condition caused by a deletion of the terminal end of chromosome 22 in the 13.3 region, as well as, by point mutations within SHANK3 gene. The aims of this research were to determine the prevalence of the disease in the Spanish population, to establish the geographical distribution of the syndrome among the different autonomous communities, to elucidate the age range that affects more patients, to study the disease-sex relationship, as well as the age at diagnosis. Methods: For the research, patients diagnosed with the disease for twelve years were recruited throughout the Spanish territory. The clinical patient information was obtained from the referral doctors using two standardized questionnaires completed with data from the medical reports and the interview with the parents. The molecular diagnosis of the disease was carried out using different formats of microarrays. Data were processed using Microsoft Excel and Statgraphics Centurion XVII. Results: Currently in Spain there are 201 people diagnosed with the disease. Currently in Spain there are 201 people diagnosed with the disease, its prevalence being 4x10-4/10,000 inhabitants. The community with the most diagnosed patients was Madrid and there were no significant differences in terms of sex and disease, the mean age at diagnosis was around 6.67 years. Conclusions: The prevalence of the disease in Spain is very low, and it can be stated that it is very likely that there are more people with this syndrome in the population.Medicin