Kahoot como herramienta de autoevaluación en la universidad

[EN] The present study addresses the use of Kahoot as a self-assessment tool in the university classroom. The experiment was conducted in the subject of Bromatology of the Degree in Human Nutrition and Dietetics (San Vicente Mártir Catholic University of Valencia) during the academic year 2016-2017 with a population sample of 45. At the end of each thematic block test questions were designed linked to the contents and the students answered them through the mobile phone. The students valued the application in a very positive way as a tool to improve learning. The percentage of questions answered correctly exceeded 50% in all the questionnaires. In addition, they rated the methodology as very good to excellent. In summary, the use of Kahoot according to the results obtained suggests that it could be a good method to motivate student study and as a selfevaluation system[ES] El presente estudio aborda la utilización de Kahoot como herramienta de autoevaluación el aula universitaria. El experimento se realizó en la asignatura de Bromatología del Grado de Nutrición Humana y Dietética (Universidad Católica de Valencia San Vicente Mártir) durante el curso académico 2016-2017 con una muestra poblacional de 45. Al final de cada bloque temático se diseñaron preguntas tipo test vinculadas con los contenidos y los alumnos las contestaron a través del teléfono móvil. Los estudiantes valoraron de forma muy positiva la aplicación como herramienta para mejorar el aprendizaje. El porcentaje de preguntas contestadas correctamente superó en todos los cuestionarios el 50%. Además, valoraron la metodología como muy buena a excelente. En resumen, el uso de Kahoot según los resultados obtenidos, sugiere que podría ser un buen método para motivar el estudio del alumnado y como sistema de autoevaluación.Sempere Ferre, F. (2018). Kahoot como herramienta de autoevaluación en la universidad. En IN-RED 2018. IV Congreso Nacional de Innovación Educativa y Docencia en Red. Editorial Universitat Politècnica de València. 250-255. https://doi.org/10.4995/INRED2018.2018.8730OCS25025

Instagram as a learning tool in the university context

[EN] The classical methods used to teach practical subjects in today's university context mean that students are not very motivated when they come to the laboratory. This fact generates the need for teachers to look for new alternatives that can improve learning. Social networks have become very important in today's society and can be a good tool to use in university education. This research was carried out in the academic year 2021-2022 in the subject of Bromatology, which is taken in the second year of the first term of the Degree in Human Nutrition and Dietetics at the Catholic University of Valencia San Vicente Mártir, in a population sample of 40 students. In the practical session, a bromatological analysis of different flours was carried out. The general objective of this study was to research the use of Instagram as a tool to encourage motivation, the learning of part of the practical knowledge of the subject and to promote collaborative work. All the students stated that the incorporation of the use of the social network as a means of disseminating their photographs, and the creation of the scientific photography competition through this tool produced a high degree of motivation in them, and 96% recognised that this methodological strategy improved the assimilation of the concepts taught in the practical content of the subject and encouraged teamwork.[ES] Los métodos clásicos utilizados para impartir las prácticas de las asignaturas en el contexto universitario actual, hace que los alumnos acudan al laboratorio poco motivados. Este hecho genera la necesidad de que los docentes se planteen buscar nuevas alternativas que puedan mejorar el aprendizaje. Las redes sociales han adquirido un gran protagonismo en la sociedad actual y pueden ser una buena herramienta a utilizar en el ámbito educativo universitario. Esta investigación se realizó en el curso académico 2021-2022 en la asignatura de Bromatología que se cursa en segundo en el primer cuatrimestre del Grado de Nutrición Humana y Dietética en la Universidad Católica de Valencia San Vicente Mártir en una muestra poblacional de 40 alumnos. En la sesión práctica se realizó un análisis bromatológico de diferentes harinas. El objetivo general que se planteó en este estudio, fue investigar el uso de Instagram como herramienta para incentivar la motivación, el aprendizaje de parte de los conocimientos prácticos de la asignatura y fomentar el trabajo colaborativo. Todos los alumnos manifestaron que la incorporación del uso de la red social como medio de divulgación de sus fotografías, y la creación del concurso de fotografía científica a través de esta herramienta produjo en ellos alto grado de motivación, además el 96% reconocieron que esta estrategia metodológica mejoró la asimilación de los conceptos impartidos en los contenidos prácticos de la asignatura y fomentó el trabajo en equipo.Sempere Ferre, F. (2022). Instagram como herramienta de aprendizaje en el contexto universitario. Editorial Universitat Politècnica de València. 1048-1054. https://doi.org/10.4995/INRED2022.2022.158831048105

Nuevas estrategias metodológicas para incentivar el estudio y el trabajo cooperativo en el contexto universitario

[ES] Muchos estudiantes que ingresan actualmente en la universidad, carecen de hábitos de estudio. Con el objetivo de incentivar estos, aumentar la motivación y mejorar el aprendizaje de la asignatura se planteó una nueva estrategia metodológica. La investigación se realizó en un grupo de 40 alumnos Se establecieron grupos de cuatro personas de forma aleatoria. Consecutivamente cada grupo eligió una pregunta al azar entre 70 cuestiones formuladas de distinta tipología. Por cada respuesta acertada, el equipo recibió una pieza de un puzle para configurar una figura. Al equipo ganador se le asignó un 0,1 de la nota final de la asignatura. El experimento se realizó tres veces durante el cuatrimestre con diferentes cuestiones. El 95 % de los estudiantes valoraron positivamente la actividad, mostrando un alto grado de motivación y satisfacción en el trabajo en equipo.[EN] Many students currently entering college, lack of study habits. In order to encourage these, increase the motivation and improve the learning of the subject, a new methodological strategy was proposed. The research was carried out in a group of 40 students. Groups of four people were ramdomly established. Consecutively, each group chose a question at random from 70 questions of different types. For each correct answer, the team received a piece of a puzzle to create a figure. The winning team was assigned 0.1 points from the final score of the subject. The experiment was carried out three times during the quarter, each time with different questions. 95% of students evaluated the activity positively, showing a high degree of motivation and satisfaction in teamwork.Sempere Ferre, F. (2021). Nuevas estrategias metodológicas para incentivar el estudio y el trabajo cooperativo en el contexto universitario. En IN-RED 2020: VI Congreso de Innovación Educativa y Docencia en Red. Editorial Universitat Politècnica de València. 258-263. https://doi.org/10.4995/INRED2020.2020.11974OCS25826

Changing students' attitudes towards statistics through project-based learning in aerospace engineering

[EN] The application of project-based learning (PBL) in a course of statistics in the BSc. Degree in Aerospace Engineering at the Higher Technical School of Design Engineering at Universitat Politècnica de València has led to a significant and positive change in students¿ attitude towards learning and acquisition of statistical concepts. More specifically, PBL has provided the opportunity for students to overcome the limitations and preconceived barriers of classic learning methodologies and lectures, by applying statistical tools to improve the design of a cardboard glider. The PBL strategy is implemented by means of a long-term project that is carried out in teams ranging from three to four students. The project is closely supervised by the laboratory lecturers, who act as mentors to the students throughout the whole term. At the initial stage, all the teams are given the same initial design of a cardboard glider, and students apply descriptive statistics to characterize and describe the flight of the original design. Then, students are given a flight benchmark that they should improve with their final designs. By applying inference, regression, and design of experiment tools, students modify the original design to beat the benchmark. The results of a survey that has been conducted suggest that, through this methodology, students not only apply and experiment with the concepts that they learn, but their motivation, engagement, and interest in statistics is also increased.The authors would like to thank the UPV and their support by funding this article with Education Improvement and Innovation Project (PIME-185).Trull, O.; Sempere-Ferre, F.; Martínez Alzamora, MN.; Sanchez-Anguix, V. (2021). Changing students' attitudes towards statistics through project-based learning in aerospace engineering. IATED Academy. 11540-11545. https://doi.org/10.21125/edulearn.2021.2416S115401154

A new biocontrol agent of Drechslera oryzae

El hongo patógeno del arroz Drechslera oryzae se inoculó en un mismo sustrato junto a Trichoderma harzianum en distintas condiciones medioambientales. Los mecanismos ejercidos por T. harzianum para antagonizar a D. oryzae y que en algunos casos actuaron sinérgicamente fueron: competencia por el espacio y los nutrientes, micoparasitismo y posible antibiosis. La capacidad antagonista de T. harzianum aumentó con los valores de temperatura y actividad del agua.The rice pathogen Drechslera oryzae and the antagonistic fungus Trichoderma harzianum were inoculated in the same substratum at different environmental conditions. The mechanisms exerted by T. harzianum as antagonist over D. oryzae and that on some occasions acted sinergically were: competitiveness for space and nutrients, mycoparasitism and a possible antibiosis. The antagonistic capacity of T. harzianum was higher as the values of water activity and temperature were increasing.Ciencias Experimentale

Effect of water activity and temperature on growth and sporulation of Aspergillus niger P. E. L. van Tieghem

El efecto de la actividad de agua (0,85, 0,90, 0,95, 0,98, 0,995) sobre el crecimiento y la esporulación de Aspergillus niger fue estudiado a distintas temperaturas (15 y 25 ºC). La máxima ratio de crecimiento de la especie se registró a una actividad de agua de 0,98, y se observó desarrollo en todo el intervalo ensayado salvo a 0,85 y 15 ºC. Además, se investigaron sus características morfológicas y culturales en las distintas condiciones de experimentación. A. niger esporuló en casi todas las actividades de agua y temperatura. Ambos factores y su interacción tuvieron un efecto significativo sobre el desarrollo de la especie.The effect of water activity (0.85, 0.90, 0.95, 0.98, 0.995) on the growth and sporulation of Aspergillus niger was studied at different temperatures (15 and 25 ºC). Maximum fungal growth rate occurred at water activity of 0.98, with growth being observed throughout the tested interval except at 0.85 and 15 ºC. In addition, morphological and cultural features were studied in the different experimental conditions. This species sporulated at almost all conditions. Both factors and their interaction had a significant effect on the development of the species.Ciencias Experimentale

Adaptation of a project of teaching innovation in the subject of statistics in the degree of aerospace engineering in times of COVID-19

[EN] The rapid spread of the SARSCoV-2 virus (COVID-19) in Spain caused a general lockdown of the population at home for 44 days. Due to this, lecturers had to design new learning strategies, adapted to the general lockdown, to deliver content and learning materials. The goal of this work is to describe and analyze the adaptation carried out in a teaching innovation project at the Statistics course at BSc. in Aerospace Engineering. The project involves students participating in project-based learning. The adaptation of the project-based learning activity aimed to tackle the obstacles and particularities of the lockdown period. A total of 118 students participated in the activities, with all of them positively evaluating the experience and adaptation carried out. 92.6% of the students considered that, after participating in the project, they improved their critical thinking and creativity. In addition, 88.8% suggested that their innovation skills improved. Overall, the students showed a high degree of engagement and motivation.The authors would like to thank the Universitat Politècnica de València and their support by funding this article with Education Improvement and Innovation Project (PIME-185).Sempere-Ferre, F.; Trull, O.; Soler Torro, JM.; Conchado Peiró, A. (2021). Adaptation of a project of teaching innovation in the subject of statistics in the degree of aerospace engineering in times of COVID-19. IATED Academy. 11553-11557. https://doi.org/10.21125/edulearn.2021.2418S115531155

Effect of water activity and temperature on growth and sporulation of Aspergillus niger P. E. L. van Tieghem

[ES] El efecto de la actividad de agua (0,85, 0,90, 0,95, 0,98, 0,995) sobre el crecimiento y la esporulación de Aspergillus niger fue estudiado a distintas temperaturas (15 y 25 ºC). La máxima ratio de crecimiento de la especie se registró a una actividad de agua de 0,98, y se observó desarrollo en todo el intervalo ensayado salvo a 0,85 y 15 ºC. Además, se investigaron sus características morfológicas y culturales en las distintas condiciones de experimentación. A. niger esporuló en casi todas las actividades de agua y temperatura. Ambos factores y su interacción tuvieron un efecto significativo sobre el desarrollo de la especie[EN] The effect of water activity (0.85, 0.90, 0.95, 0.98, 0.995) on the growth and sporulation of Aspergillus niger was studied at different temperatures (15 and 25 ºC). Maximum fungal growth rate occurred at water activity of 0.98, with growth being observed throughout the tested interval except at 0.85 and 15 ºC. In addition, morphological and cultural features were studied in the different experimental conditions. This species sporulated at almost all conditions. Both factors and their interaction had a significant effect on the development of the speciesSempere Ferre, F.; Santamarina Siurana, MP. (2021). Efecto de la actividad de agua y la temperatura sobre el crecimiento y la esporulación de Aspergillus niger P.E.L. van Tieghem. Nereis. Revista Iberoamericana Interdisciplinar de Métodos, Modelización y Simulación. 13:127-133. https://doi.org/10.46583/nereis_2021.13.8171271331

Evaluating the Antifungal Potential of Botanical Compounds to Contrl Botryotinia fuckeliana and Rhizoctonia solani

[EN] The European Union is promoting regulatory changes to ban fungicides because of the impact their use has on the ecosystem and the adverse effects they can pose for humans. An ecofriendly alternative to these chemicals to fight against fungal species with low toxicity is essential oils and their compounds extracted from aromatic plants. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the in vitro antifungal capacity of the botanical compounds eugenol, carvacrol, thymol, and cinnamaldehyde, and the synergy or antagonism of their mixtures, against Botryotinia fuckeliana and Rhizoctonia solani. Different bioassays were performed at doses of 300, 200, 150, and 100 mu g/mL using pure commercial compounds and their combination in potato dextrose agar culture medium. Growth rate and the mycelium growth inhibition parameters were calculated. Phenolic compounds and their combination inhibited the development of species at the different concentrations, with fungicidal or fungistatic activity shown under almost all the tested conditions. When comparing the growth rates of the species in the control plates and treatments, the statistical analysis showed that there were statistically significant differences. The mixture of compounds improved fungicidal activity against the studied species and at a lower concentration of monoterpenes.This research was funded by the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness, Programme-oriented Societal Challenges 2016-2019, grant number AGL2016-76699-R-AR.Sempere-Ferre, F.; Asamar, J.; Castell-Zeising, V.; Rosello Caselles, J.; Santamarina Siurana, MP. (2021). Evaluating the Antifungal Potential of Botanical Compounds to Contrl Botryotinia fuckeliana and Rhizoctonia solani. Molecules. 26(9):1-13. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules26092472S11326

Chemical composition of essential oils of three Mentha species and their antifungal activity against selected phytopathogenic and post-harvest fungi

This is an Accepted Manuscript of an article published by Taylor & Francis in All Life (Online) on 05 Jan 2022, available online: http://www.tandfonline.com/10.1080/26895293.2021.2022007[EN] The postharvest life of most fruit, vegetables and cereals is limited by fungal proliferation. The chemical composition of Mentha piperita, M. spicata and M. suaveolens essential oils (EO), and the antifungal activity against four pathogenic and post-harvest fungi isolated from food, were herein investigated to evaluate their potential as natural food preservatives. The EO were obtained by hydrodistillation of aerial parts leaves, stems and inflorescences (except for peppermint oil, which was purchased in a specialized store) and submitted to GC-MS and GC-FID analysis. Regarding the EO composition, carvone (41.1%) and limonene (14.1%) were the major compounds in M. spicata, menthol (47.0%) and menthone (23.1%), as well as other menthol derivatives (neomenthol -3.6%- and menthofurane -3.7%-) in M. piperita, and piperitone oxide (40.2%) and piperitenone oxide (31.4%) in M. suaveolens. Botryotinia fuckeliana was the most sensitive fungus. The three studied EO inhibited growth by 92¿100%. The highest dose of M. suaveolens EO, 400 ¿g/mL, produced 100% MGI in all the studied fungi, except Fusarium oxysporum with 94.21%. The M. suaveolens EO can be considered to develop a low-risk enviro-friendly botanical biofungicide.The authors also thank the Spanish Type Culture Collection (CECT) for providing the molecular strain identification equipment. This study has been financed by MINECO, Ministerio de Economía y competitividad `Materiales biodegradables multicapa de alta barrera para el envasado activo de alimentos¿ (AGL2016-76699-R).Santamarina Siurana, MP.; Llorens Molina, JA.; Sempere Ferre, F.; Santamarina Siurana, MC.; Rosello Caselles, J.; Giménez Santamarina, S. (2022). Chemical composition of essential oils of three Mentha species and their antifungal activity against selected phytopathogenic and post-harvest fungi. All Life (Online). 15(1):64-73. https://doi.org/10.1080/26895293.2021.2022007647315