The Effect of Physical Activity on 18-Month Weight Change in Overweight Adults

Few studies have been conducted that have examined the long-term effect of different doses of physical activity (PA) on weight change in overweight adults without a prescribed reduction in energy intake. This study examined the effect of different prescribed doses of PA on weight change, body composition, fitness and PA in overweight adults. 278 overweight adults (BMI: 25.0 to 29.9 kg/m2; Age: 18 to 55 years) with no contraindications to PA were randomized to one of three intervention groups for a period of 18 months. MOD-PA was prescribed 150 min/wk and HIGH-PA 300 min/wk of PA. SELF was provided a self-help intervention to increase PA. There was no recommendation to reduce energy intake. MOD-PA and HIGH-PA was delivered in a combination of in-person and telephone contacts across 18 months. 18-month percent weight change was −0.7±4.6% in SELF, −0.9±4.7% in MOD-PA, and −1.2±5.6% in HIGH-PA. Subjects were retrospectively grouped as remaining within ±3% of baseline weight (WT-STABLE), losing >3% of baseline weight (WT-LOSS), or gaining >3% of baseline weight (WT-GAIN) for secondary analyses. 18-month weight change was 0.0±1.3% for WT-STABLE, +5.4±2.6% for WT-GAIN, and −7.4±3.6% for WT-LOSS. 18-month change in PA was 78.2±162.6 min/wk for WT-STABLE, 74.7±274.3 for WT-GAIN, and 161.9±252.6 min/wk for WT-LOSS. The weight change observed in WT-LOSS was a result of higher PA combined with improved scores on the Eating Behavior Inventory, reflecting the adoption of eating behaviors to facilitate weight loss. Strategies to facilitate the maintenance of these behaviors are needed to optimize weight control

Decision-Making Toolbox to Plan and Manage Park-and-Ride Facilities for Public Transportation: Guidebook on Planning and Managing Park-and-Ride

The objective of TCRP Project H-52, Decision-Making Toolbox to Plan and Manage Park-and-Ride Facilities for Public Transportation, was to develop a guidebook to better plan and manage park-and-ride facilities for public transportation. The guidebook builds on relevant completed research to address both of these important concerns. TCRP Report TBD: A Guidebook on Planning and Managing Park-and-Ride provides transit agencies with guidance to develop park-and-ride facilities from concept through operation. The guidebook presents information about best practices and lessons learned gathered via a literature review, an industry scan, and detailed case study research with transit agencies in the United States and Canada. The guidebook is a resource for transit staff seeking to better plan and manage park-and-ride facilities for public transportation by incorporating improved strategies and best practices

The Effect of Physical Activity on 18-Month Weight Change in Overweight Adults

Few studies have been conducted that have examined the long-term effect of different doses of physical activity (PA) on weight change in overweight adults without a prescribed reduction in energy intake. This study examined the effect of different prescribed doses of PA on weight change, body composition, fitness and PA in overweight adults. 278 overweight adults (BMI: 25.0 to 29.9 kg/m(2); Age: 18 to 55 years) with no contraindications to PA were randomized to one of three intervention groups for a period of 18 months. MOD-PA was prescribed 150 min/wk and HIGH-PA 300 min/wk of PA. SELF was provided a self-help intervention to increase PA. There was no recommendation to reduce energy intake. MOD-PA and HIGH-PA was delivered in a combination of in-person and telephone contacts across 18 months. 18-month percent weight change was −0.7±4.6% in SELF, −0.9±4.7% in MOD-PA, and −1.2±5.6% in HIGH-PA. Subjects were retrospectively grouped as remaining within ±3% of baseline weight (WT-STABLE), losing >3% of baseline weight (WT-LOSS), or gaining >3% of baseline weight (WT-GAIN) for secondary analyses. 18-month weight change was 0.0±1.3% for WT-STABLE, +5.4±2.6% for WT-GAIN, and −7.4±3.6% for WT-LOSS. 18-month change in PA was 78.2±162.6 min/wk for WT-STABLE, 74.7±274.3 for WT-GAIN, and 161.9±252.6 min/wk for WT-LOSS. The weight change observed in WT-LOSS was a result of higher PA combined with improved scores on the Eating Behavior Inventory, reflecting the adoption of eating behaviors to facilitate weight loss. Strategies to facilitate the maintenance of these behaviors are needed to optimize weight control

Chemotherapy Extravasation: Establishing a National Benchmark for Incidence Among Cancer Centers

Background: Given the high-risk nature and nurse sensitivity of chemotherapy infusion and extravasation prevention, as well as the absence of an industry benchmark, a group of nurses studied oncology-specific nursing-sensitive indicators. 
 Objectives: The purpose was to establish a benchmark for the incidence of chemotherapy extravasation with vesicants, irritants, and irritants with vesicant potential.
. Methods: Infusions with actual or suspected extravasations of vesicant and irritant chemotherapies were evaluated. Extravasation events were reviewed by type of agent, occurrence by drug category, route of administration, level of harm, follow-up, and patient referrals to surgical consultation.
. Findings: A total of 739,812 infusions were evaluated, with 673 extravasation events identified. Incidence for all extravasation events was 0.09%

Nomenclature report 2019: Major histocompatibility complex genes and alleles of great and small ape and old and new world monkey species

The major histocompatibility complex (MHC) is central to the innate and adaptive immune responses of jawed vertebrates. Characteristic of the MHC are high gene density, gene copy number variation, and allelic polymorphism. Because apes and monkeys are the closest living relatives of humans, the MHCs of these non-human primates (NHP) are studied in depth in the context of evolution, biomedicine, and conservation biology. The Immuno Polymorphism Database (IPD)-MHC NHP Database (IPD-MHC NHP), which curates MHC data of great and small apes, as well as Old and New World monkeys, has been upgraded. The curators of the database are responsible for providing official designations for newly discovered alleles. This nomenclature report updates the 2012 report, and summarizes important nomenclature issues and relevant novel features of the IPD-MHC NHP Database