GROWTH CHARACTERISTICS OF SUGAR BEET PLANTS WHEN APPLYING DIFFERENT POLYFUNCTIONAL PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS

The article represents the research on effect of foliar treatment of plants with different types of multifunctional growth regulators on the formation of photosynthetic activity indicators and productivity of a sugar beet. We found that 10 days after the first foliar treatment with micronutrients, the leaf area increased by 4.57-5.80 ths. m2/ha, compared to 3.72 ths. m2/ha on the control. The same trend in the increase of the leaf area and the formation of photosynthetic potential remained throughout the vegetation season. The highest content of chlorophyll was seen after the reapplication of POLYDON Amino Zinc – it counted 67.01 IU; and the lowest – 61,67 IU on the control. A greatest mass of root crops was obtained on the variant with the treatment by POLYDON Boron – 796 g. It is 57 g more than when using POLYDON Amino Zinc, and 66 g – POLYDON Amino Boron-Molybdenum. The foliar treatment with multifunctional growth regulators resulted in yield increases of 3.1-11.0 %. The highest sugar content was observed with the foliar treatment by POLYDON Amino Boron-Molybdenum – 16.47 %. The most productive variant in terms of white sugar yield is the triple treatment with POLYDON Boron – 11.67 t/ha

The dynamics of Sert, Htr4a, and Bdnf genes expression in the blood of rats under chronic stress exposure

In this article, we discuss the expression levels of Sert, Htr4a, and Bdnf genes in the blood of Wistar rats exposed to the following types of chronic stresses for 270 days: swimming with a load and immobilization, as well as the combination of these two stresses. On day 180 of the experiment, the stresses described above triggered an increase in Sert expression in both females and males of all the groups, except the control group. The immobilization stress induced for 270 days caused an increase in the level of Sert expression in females and reduced it in males. In response to the stresses under study, the expression of Htr4a decreased in males, but not females, on day 270. The expression of Bdnf decreased on day 270 in males after the combined stress and in females subjected to immobilization. Thus, the expression levels of some genes involved in the peripheral transmission of serotonin are greatly influenced by chronic stresses and depend on gender, duration of exposure to stress, and type of stress factors

Liver pathology in hypo- and hyperthyroidism (literature review)

The thyroid gland is an endocrine organ, the product of which are iodinecontaining hormones - triiodothyronine and thyroxine. Violation of the concentration of iodothyronines in the blood plasma can lead to the occurrence of pathological processes in other organs, in particular, the liver. The hypothyroid state leads to a decrease in the synthetic function of the liver, worsens the course of the metabolic syndrome, leading to the development of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, morphologically manifested as steatohepatitis with minimal changes. In hyperthyroidism, in addition to autoimmune and druginduced hepatitis, there are cholestatic and hepatitis forms of liver damage. Cholestatic lesion consists in the development of centrilobular intrahepatocyte cholestasis, clinically and laboratory manifested by the development of cholestatic syndrome. Hepatitis liver damage is manifested by the development of clinical, laboratory and morphological signs of acute hepatitis. The review provides up-to-date information on biochemistry, theories of development, pathogenesis and pathomorphology of liver pathologies that occur in thyroid gland pathologies accompanied by hypo- and hyperthyroidism. Data from both clinical and experimental studies are presented

Theoretical preconditions for optimization of composition and technological parameters of the plaster for walls made of aerated concrete blocks (rus)

The paper reveals the mechanism of cracking in the "aerated concrete masonry - plaster coating" system, which causes the reduction of cladding’s durability. The temperature deformations in the structure are analyzed. On this basis the theoretical background to optimize the composition and technological parameters of the plaster was developed. The composition of plaster mixtures based on the expanded clay, carbonate, perlite and other fillers was also developed. The proposition that targeted modification of plaster can ensure optimal operation of the "laying-plaster" system is experimentally confirmed

Novel and recurrent PITX3 mutations in Belgian families with autosomal dominant congenital cataract and anterior segment dysgenesis have similar phenotypic and functional characteristics

Background: Congenital cataracts are clinically and genetically heterogeneous with more than 45 known loci and 38 identified genes. They can occur as isolated defects or in association with anterior segment developmental anomalies. One of the disease genes for congenital cataract with or without anterior segment dysgenesis (ASD) is PITX3, encoding a transcription factor with a crucial role in lens and anterior segment development. Only five unique PITX3 mutations have been described, of which the 17-bp duplication c.640-656dup, p.(Gly220Profs*95), is the most common one and the only one known to cause cataract with ASD. The aim of this study was to perform a genetic study of the PITX3 gene in five probands with autosomal dominant congenital cataract (ADCC) and ASD, to compare their clinical presentations to previously reported PITX3-associated phenotypes and to functionally evaluate the PITX3 mutations found. Methods. Sanger sequencing of the coding region and targeted exons of PITX3 was performed in probands and family members respectively. Transactivation, DNA-binding and subcellular localization assays were performed for the PITX3 mutations found. Ophthalmological examinations included visual acuity measurement, slit-lamp biomicroscopy, tonometry and fundoscopy. Results: In four Belgian families with ADCC and ASD the recurrent 17-bp duplication c.640-656dup, p.(Gly220Profs*95), was found in a heterozygous state. A novel PITX3 mutation c.573del, p.(Ser192Alafs*117), was identified in heterozygous state in a Belgo-Romanian family with a similar phenotype. Functional assays showed that this novel mutation retains its nuclear localization but results in decreased DNA-binding and transactivation activity, similar to the recurrent duplication. Conclusions: Our study identified a second PITX3 mutation leading to congenital cataract with ASD. The similarity in phenotypic expression was substantiated by our in vitro functional studies which demonstrated comparable molecular consequences for the novel p.(Ser192Alafs*117) and the recurrent p.(Gly220Profs*95) mutations. 2014 Verdin et al. licensee BioMed Central Ltd.SCOPUS: ar.jinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishe

PITX2 and FOXC1 spectrum of mutations in ocular syndromes

Anterior segment dysgenesis (ASD) encompasses a broad spectrum of developmental conditions affecting anterior ocular structures and associated with an increased risk for glaucoma. Various systemic anomalies are often observed in ASD conditions such as Axenfeld-Rieger syndrome (ARS) and De Hauwere syndrome. We report DNA sequencing and copy number analysis of PITX2 and FOXC1 in 76 patients with syndromic or isolated ASD and related conditions. PITX2 mutations and deletions were found in 24 patients with dental and/or umbilical anomalies seen in all. Seven PITX2-mutant alleles were novel including c.708_730del, the most C-terminal mutation reported to date. A second case of deletion of the distant upstream but not coding region of PITX2 was identified, highlighting the importance of this recently discovered mechanism for ARS. FOXC1 deletions were observed in four cases, three of which demonstrated hearing and/or heart defects, including a patient with De Hauwere syndrome; no nucleotide mutations in FOXC1 were identified. Review of the literature identified several other patients with 6p25 deletions and features of De Hauwere syndrome. The 1.3-Mb deletion of 6p25 presented here defines the critical region for this phenotype and includes the FOXC1, FOXF2, and FOXQ1 genes. In summary, PITX2 or FOXC1 disruptions explained 63% of ARS and 6% of other ASD in our cohort; all affected patients demonstrated additional systemic defects with PITX2 mutations showing a strong association with dental and/or umbilical anomalies and FOXC1 with heart and hearing defects. FOXC1 deletion was also found to be associated with De Hauwere syndrome