A pilot study investigating the use of Action Planning Statements in tutoring clinical skills to second year medical students

Increasing numbers of Australian medical students are requiring education in clinical skills. This pilot study aimed to investigate the effect of one method of reflective learning, Action Planning Statements (APS), on teacher rating and student learning in Clinical Skills tutorials. 15 second year medical students were administered a Student Experience of Learning and Teaching (SELT) assessment which is a standardised questionnaire. Student feedback on their perceptions of the author’s teaching and the use of APS was sought through the use of SELTs both before and after students had completed APS. One parameter of the teacher rating, ‘effectiveness’ significantly increased and there was more than 72% broad agreement that the APS had improved students’ reflection and feedback. APS may be an important tool for improving teacher effectiveness and feedback and student reflection in Clinical Skills tutorials for medical students. Further research is needed to clarify the use of APS

Role of chloride in hot salt stress-corrosion cracking of titanium-aluminum alloys

Role of chloride in hot salt stress corrosion cracking of titanium-aluminum alloy

Corrective treatment and anatomic considerations for laparoscopic cholecystectomy injuries

BACKGROUND: Complete reports of biliary and vascular injuries after laparoscopic cholecystectomy are rare. STUDY DESIGN: Fifteen patients with complex laparoscopic cholecystectomy injuries underwent corrective operations. The injuries consisted of 14 bile duct injuries and one large laceration of a cirrhotic liver. Five of the bile duct injuries were accompanied by inadvertent occlusion of the right hepatic artery, and one was further complicated by portal vein occlusion. One hepatic artery occlusion and one portal vein occlusion were successfully reconstructed. Two patients with arterial occlusion required right hepatic lobectomy. Corrective biliary operations consisted of common hepaticojejunostomy (seven cases), right and left hepaticojejunostomies (one case), right anterior and left hepaticojejunostomies (two cases), right hepaticojejunostomy (one case), right posterior hepaticojejunostomy (one case), and left hepaticojejunostomy after right lobectomy (two cases). RESULTS: Except for a patient with a severe laceration of a cirrhotic liver who died as a result of hepatic failure, the remaining 14 patients are alive and well with normal hepatic function tests at six and 37 months after corrective operations. CONCLUSIONS: A knowledge of anatomy is critical to the prevention of injuries to the hepatobiliary tree and related structures during laparoscopic cholecystectomy

Endotoxemia and human liver transplantation

Ninety liver transplantations were performed in 81 patients. Plasma endotoxin was measured preoperatively, at the end of the anhepatic phase, and on postoperative days 1, 3, and 7. The presence of high endotoxin levels preoperatively and at the end of the anhepatic period was associated with graft failure and a high mortality. Patients with primary nonfunction of their transplants typically had severe endotoxemia. Endotoxemia could be a cause rather than an effect of perioperative complications and graft loss

Stress corrosion cracking of titanium alloys progress report, apr. 1 - jun. 30, 1964

Hot salt stress corrosion cracking in titanium alloys - chloride corrosion role determination using chlorine isotopes and relation between crack morphology and alloy structur