3 research outputs found
An epigenetic approach to the larynx cancers from the standpoint of smad4 methylation
Mothers Against Decapentaplegic Homolog 4 -MADH4 ya da SMAD4 olarak da
bilinir- bir tümör baskılayıcı gen bölgesidir. Bu türden tümör baskılayıcı gen bölgelerinin
hipermetilasyonu, organizmanın kendisinin kansere karşı ortaya koyduğu mücadelede
zayıflığa yol açabilir. Pek çok bölgede gelişen kanser türünde SMAD4 metilasyonu
incelenegelmektedir. Bilhassa gastrointestinal kanal ve pankreas ile ilişkili kanserlerin
SMAD4 hipermetilasyonu ile ile ilişkili olduğu bulunmuştur. Çok sayıda araştırmacının
SMAD4 ifadesi üzerine odaklanmasına karşın, larinks kanserlerinde metilasyon spesifik
polimeraz zincir reaksiyonuna göre bant yoğunluklarının ölçümü esasına dayanan hiçbir yayın
bulunamamıştır. Bu çalışma, larinks kanserlerinde SMAD4 metilasyonunun rolünü
aydınlatmayı hedeflemiştir.
Bu çalışmaya larinks kanseri tanısı almış otuz dört hasta dahil edilmiştir. Söz konusu
araştırmayı gerçekleştirebilmek adına biyopsi materyallerinden elde edilmiş tümör
dokularından ve bukkal swablar ile toplanan kontrol dokularından DNA izolasyonu yapıldı.
Spektrofotometrik yöntemlerle, izole edilmiş DNA örneklerinin miktarları ve saflıkları
ölçüldü. Metilasyon spesifik polimeraz zincir reaksiyonu için bisülfit modifikasyonu
gerçekleştirildi. Çoğaltılan tüm DNA numuneleri yatay elektroforez uygulaması için bir
agaroz jele yüklendi. Bantlar ultraviyole görüntüleme kamerası altında kayıt altına alındı ve
bant yoğunlukları uygun bir bilgisayar yazılımı ile ölçüldü. Elde edilen tüm sonuçlar istatistik
analiz yazılımı ile incelendi.
Bu araştırma, larinks kanseri tanısı almış hastaların tümör dokularındaki SMAD4 gen
bölgesindeki metilasyon düzeyinin kontrol dokularına kıyasla istatistiksel olarak anlamlı
düzeyde artış gösterdiğini açıkça ortaya koymaktadır (z=-2,265 ve p=0,023).Mothers Against Decapentaplegic Homolog 4 -also known as MADH4 or SMAD4- is a
tumor suppressor gene region. Hypermethylation on these kinds of tumor suppressor gene
regions may constitute a defect in the anticancer activity of organisms itself. Plenty of the
sites has previously investigated by the standpoint of the SMAD4 methylation. Especially
cancers related to the gastrointestinal tract and pancreas have found associated with SMAD4
hypermethylation. Notwithstanding numerous researchers have focused on SMAD4
expression, there is no article found on larynx cancers based on measuring band densities due
to methylation-specific polymerase chain reaction. This study aimed to clarify the role of the
SMAD4 methylation on larynx cancers.
Thirty-four patients included in this study that diagnosed as larynx cancer. To perform
this research, DNA has isolated from tumor tissues by the biopsy materials and the control
material by the buccal swabs. Isolated DNA samples measured for their amount and
purification by spectrophotometric methods. Bisulfite modification has performed for a
methylation-specific polymerase chain reaction. All the amplified DNA specimens have
loaded into an agarose gel for horizontal gel electrophoresis. Bands have recorded under an
ultraviolet imaging camera and band densities measured by suitable computer software. All
the results have examined by the statistical analysis software.
This study manifests that there is a significant increase in the methylation levels of the
SMAD4 gene region on tumor tissues diagnosed as larynx cancer than control tissues
(z=-2,265 and p=0,023)
Additional file 1 of Learning styles of medical students and related factors
Supplementary Material
Tolerability of low to moderate biomechanical stress during leisure sport activity in patients with psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis
Objectives To assess the impact of low to moderate biomechanical stress on entheses in patients with psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis (PsA).Methods We conducted a prospective interventional study on a cohort of psoriasis and PsA patients who underwent a 60 min badminton training session. Pain assessment by Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), physical examination of 29 entheses (SPARCC, LEI, MASES) and bilateral ultrasound at the lateral humeral epicondyle, inferior patellar pole and Achilles tendon were performed before and after training. Ultrasound changes were assessed using the OMERACT scoring system. A follow-up assessment of pain and adverse events was performed at 1 week.Results Sixteen patients were included (n=7 PsA; n=9 psoriasis) and 196 entheseal ultrasound scans were acquired. At baseline, median VAS pain (IQR) was 0.5 cm (0–2.3) and the total number of tender entheses was 12/464. Mean (min; max) Disease Activity Index for Psoriatic Arthritis was 6.1 (0.8; 19) and 5/7 PsA patients had an Minimal Disease Activity status. After training, no significant change in VAS pain (0.0 cm (0.0–2.0)) nor in tender entheses (13/464) emerged. Four patients (n=2 PsA, n=2 psoriasis) developed a grade-1 power Doppler-signal at six entheses, which, however, remained non-tender. At 1 week, median VAS pain remained stable (0.0 cm (0.0–3.0); p>0.05) and only one participant with active PsA at baseline reported increased arthralgias in three joints.Conclusions Low to moderate physical strain, as in the context of leisure sport activity, seems well tolerated in psoriatic patients without increases in tenderness, pain and ultrasound-proven inflammation. Evidence-based recommendations for physical activity in PsA are direly needed and larger controlled studies should be conducted to define safe exercise thresholds