Habitat segregation and genetic relationship of two heptageniid mayflies, Epeorus latifolium and Epeorus l-nigrus, in the Shinano-gawa River basin

The heptageniid mayflies Epeorus latifolium and Epeorus l-nigrus are often the dominant species in the upper and midstream areas of Japanese rivers; as such, they play a significant role in river ecosystems. However, although these two species have been identified using the morphological characteristics of the male in its adult stage, it is impossible to differentiate them in their nymphal stage. We conducted a study to elucidate their distribution pattern, i.e., the current distribution of these two species in the Shinano-gawa River basin, based on quantitative field sampling and genetic analysis of nymphs and also some male adults; for these, it was possible to differentiate between the two species reliably. The data collected from the 30 study sites of the 1-year-long study revealed that the E. latifolium and/or E. l-nigrus mayflies are clearly distributed over a very broad area, and they appeared to be the dominant species at about a third of the study sites. Based on our genetic analysis, including several male adult specimens of E. latifolium and E. l-nigrus, it was clearly revealed that E. latifolium and E. l-nigrus respectively form two separate monophyletic clades. That is, E. latifolium and E. l-nigrus are clearly genetically differentiated, and they are considered to each represent a discrete species. Then, we plotted the collection sites of reliably identified specimens of E. latifolium and E. l-nigrus on the Shinano-gawa River basin map. This resultant map clearly displays that E. latifolium is distributed in the upper stream area rather than E. l-nigrus. To conclude, a pronounced 'habitat segregation' or 'current distribution' is clearly observable.ArticleLIMNOLOGY. 12(2):117-125 (2011)journal articl

Detection of anticipatory postural adjustments prior to gait initiation using inertial wearable sensors

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>The present study was performed to evaluate and characterize the potential of accelerometers and angular velocity sensors to detect and assess anticipatory postural adjustments (APAs) generated by the first step at the beginning of the gait. This paper proposes an algorithm to automatically detect certain parameters of APAs using only inertial sensors.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>Ten young healthy subjects participated in this study. The subjects wore an inertial unit containing a triaxial accelerometer and a triaxial angular velocity sensor attached to the lower back and one footswitch on the dominant leg to detect the beginning of the step. The subjects were standing upright on a stabilometer to detect the center of pressure displacement (CoP) generated by the anticipatory adjustments. The subjects were asked to take a step forward at their own speed and stride length. The duration and amplitude of the APAs detected by the accelerometer and angular velocity sensors were measured and compared with the results obtained from the stabilometer. The different phases of gait initiation were identified and compared using inertial sensors.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>The APAs were detected by all of the sensors. Angular velocity sensors proved to be adequate to detect the beginning of the step in a manner similar to the footswitch by using a simple algorithm, which is easy to implement in low computational power devices. The amplitude and duration of APAs detected using only inertial sensors were similar to those detected by the stabilometer. An automatic algorithm to detect APA duration using triaxial inertial sensors was proposed.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>These results suggest that the feasibility of accelerometers is improved through the use of angular velocity sensors, which can be used to automatically detect and evaluate APAs. The results presented can be used to develop portable sensors that may potentially be useful for monitoring patients in the home environment, thus encouraging the population to participate in more personalized healthcare.</p

A Report on SASAKI Sayaka \u27s Special Lecture

学生企

アルカリ金属のCDWの研究

取得学位：博士(理学)，学位授与番号：博甲第232号，学位授与年月日：平成10年3月25日,学位授与年：199

Isolation and characterization of the E2F-like gene in plants11The sequences reported in this paper have been deposited in the GenBank database (accession numbers AB025347 for NtE2F and AB025029 for tobacco PCNA).

AbstractThe transcription factor E2F regulates the expression of genes involved in the progression of G1/S transition and DNA replication in mammalian cells. We cloned and characterized a cDNA (NtE2F) corresponding to a E2F homolog of tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum). The transcription of NtE2F was induced as cells progressed from G1 to the S phase and expressed much earlier than that of the proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) gene. We demonstrated that NtE2F can interact with the tobacco retinoblastoma (Rb)-related protein in a yeast two-hybrid assay. To further characterize NtE2F, the trans-activation activity of NtE2F was examined by using a transient assay in the tobacco Bright Yellow-2 (BY-2) cells with NtE2F fused to the DNA-binding domain of the yeast transcriptional activator GAL4. NtE2F activated the transcription of the β-glucuronidase (GUS) reporter gene driven by a cauliflower mosaic virus (CaMV) 35S core promoter containing the GAL4-binding sequence. This is the first report of the identification of a functionally equivalent E2F-like gene in plants

Quantitative evaluation of movement using the timed up-and-go test

藤元早鈴病院金沢大学理工研究域機械工学

Multipole State of Heavy Lanthanide Filled Skutterudites

We discuss multipole properties of filled skutterudites containing heavy lanthanide Ln from a microscopic viewpoint on the basis of a seven-orbital Anderson model. For Ln=Gd, in contrast to naive expectation, quadrupole moments remain in addition to main dipole ones. For Ln=Ho, we find an exotic state governed by octupole moment. For Ln=Tb and Tm, no significant multipole moments appear at low temperatures, while for Ln=Dy, Er, and Yb, dipole and higher-order multipoles are dominant. We briefly discuss possible relevance of these multipole states with actual materials.Comment: 5 pages, 3 figure