A method to suppress local minima for symmetrical DOPO networks

Coherent Ising machine (CIM) implemented by degenerate optical parametric oscillator (DOPO) networks can solve some combinatorial optimization problems. However, when the network structure has a certain type of symmetry, optimal solutions are not always detected since the search process may be trapped by local minima. In addition, a uniform pump rate for DOPOs in the conventional operation cannot overcome this problem. In this paper proposes a method to avoid trapping of the local minima by applying a control input in a pump rate of an appropriate node. This controller breaks the symmetrical property and causes to change the bifurcation structure temporarily, then it guides transient responses into the global minima. We show several numerical simulation results.Comment: This paper is under article submission and will be published on Nonlinear Theory and Its Applications, IEICE(Vol.E11-N, No.4, Oct. 2020

A method to suppress local minima for symmetrical DOPO networks

Coherent Ising machine (CIM) implemented by degenerate optical parametric oscillator (DOPO) networks can solve some combinatorial optimization problems. However, when the network structure has a certain type of symmetry, optimal solutions are not always detected since the search process may be trapped by local minima. In addition, a uniform pump rate for DOPOs in the conventional operation cannot overcome this problem. In this paper proposes a method to avoid trapping of the local minima by applying a control input in a pump rate of an appropriate node. This controller breaks the symmetrical property and causes to change the bifurcation structure temporarily, then it guides transient responses into the global minima. We show several numerical simulation results

Parallel and Distributed Trajectory Generation of Redundant Manipulators through Cooperation and Competition among Subsystems

The autonomous distributed control (ADC) is oneof the most attractive approaches for more versatile and autonomousrobot systems. This paper proposes a parallel anddistributed trajectory generation method for redundant manipulatorsthrough cooperative and competitive interactions amongsubsystems composing the ADC that is based on a concept ofvirtual arms. The virtual arm has the same kinematic structureas the manipulator except that its end-point is located on a jointor link of the manipulator. Then the redundant manipulatorcan be represented by a set of the virtual arms. In this paper,trajectory generation and point-to-point control of the redundantmanipulator are discussed, and it is shown that the kinematicredundancy of the manipulator can be utilized positively in thegenerated trajectories by using the virtual arms

Relationship between spatially heterogeneous reaction dynamics and photochemical kinetics in single crystals of anthracene derivatives.

Understanding physicochemical property changes based on reaction kinetics is required to design materials exhibiting desired functions at arbitrary timings. In this work, we investigated the photodimerization of anthracene derivatives in single crystals. Single crystals of 9-cyanoanthracene (9CA) and 9-anthraldehyde (9AA) exhibited reaction front propagation on the optical length scale, while 9-methylanthracene and 9-acetylanthracene crystals underwent spatially homogeneous conversion. Moreover, the sigmoidal behavior in the absorbance change associated with the reaction was much pronounced in the case of 9CA and 9AA and correlated with the observation of heterogeneous reaction progress. A kinetic analysis based on the Finke-Watzky model showed that the effective quantum yield of the photochemical reaction changes by more than an order of magnitude during the course of the reaction in 9CA and 9AA. Both the reaction front propagation and nonlinear kinetic behavior could be rationalized in terms of the difference in the cooperativity of the reactions. We propose a plausible mechanism for the heterogeneous reaction progress in single crystals that depends on the magnitude of the conformational change required for reaction. Our results provide useful information to understand the connection between photochemical reaction progress in the crystalline phase and the dynamic changes in the physicochemical properties

Instantaneous inverse kinematic solution for redundant manipulators based on virtual arms and its application to winding control

The present paper proposes an instantaneous inverse kinematic solution for redundant manipulators based on virtual arms. The virtual arm has the same kinematic structure as the manipulator except that its end-point is located on the joint or link of the manipulator. When the appropriate virtual arms are used, the configuration of the manipulator can be represented by a set of end-points of the virtual arms. First of all, this paper formalizes the kinematics of virtual arms and derives instantaneous inverse kinematics. Then, the method is applied to winding control for hyper-redundant manipulators. The winding control presented here is divided into two steps: 1)planning desired positions for virtual end-points, 2)integrating them into the joint trajectory of the manipulator. The desired positions of each virtual arm can be computed in a parallel and distributed way and it is not necessary to consider joint space of the manipulator. Finally computer simulations show that the winding control for a hyper-redundant manipulator can be performed in 3D-space

コンジャク モノガタリ クンシャク ゴイコウ カン26 チュウシャクショ クンシャク イドウ ヒョウ オ リヨウ シタ ゴギ ヒカク ツツヤク クジル

『今昔物語集』は中古・中世における語彙と文体の関係を見る上で貴重な資料であるが、研究の進んだ現在でも、漢字表記語の訓が諸注釈書でゆれ、読みが確定していない語彙が少なくない。本稿では、中古・中世の語彙研究の一環として、『今昔物語集』の漢字表記語彙を取り上げ、5つの注釈書での訓釈異同表を提示しつつ（別表）、それを利用して、そこに見られる異訓から、2つの語彙における語彙史的考察とそれによる『今昔』での訓釈の問題を論じる（2 章）。今回は、巻26 の訓釈異同表を掲載し、その中で訓のゆれがある〈小声でひそひそ言う〉意の「ツツメク・ツツヤク」（2┉1）と、〈（物を）穿つ〉意の「キサグ・クジル・ヱル」（2┉2）の2 つの語彙を取り上げ、各語の意味分析を行って訓を検討した。On the definition and kun-rendering of“云々”（tsutsuyaku: ‘to whisper’）and“ ”（kujiru: ‘to　dig’）in accordance with the list of Kun-renderings in the Konjaku Monogatarishú, vol. 26.　ABE Seiya & ITO Mariko, edit.　In making the list of kun-renderings for vol. 26 of the Konjaku Monogatarishū, we examined the method of　researching kun-renderings. As a case study, the following two examples were selected- “云々” and “ ”.　We were able to clarify that these lexical items, both from vol. 26, should be read as follows- “云々”　（tsutsuyaku: ʻto whisperʼ）and “ ”（kujiru: ʻto digʼ）研究論文(Article

Deep microbial proliferation at the basalt interface in 33.5–104 million-year-old oceanic crust

The upper oceanic crust is mainly composed of basaltic lava that constitutes one of the largest habitable zones on Earth. However, the nature of deep microbial life in oceanic crust remains poorly understood, especially where old cold basaltic rock interacts with seawater beneath sediment. Here we show that microbial cells are densely concentrated in Fe-rich smectite on fracture surfaces and veins in 33.5- and 104-million-year-old (Ma) subseafloor basaltic rock. The Fe-rich smectite is locally enriched in organic carbon. Nanoscale solid characterizations reveal the organic carbon to be microbial cells within the Fe-rich smectite, with cell densities locally exceeding 1010 cells/cm3. Dominance of heterotrophic bacteria indicated by analyses of DNA sequences and lipids supports the importance of organic matter as carbon and energy sources in subseafloor basalt. Given the prominence of basaltic lava on Earth and Mars, microbial life could be habitable where subsurface basaltic rocks interact with liquid water

Isolation and Characterization of Human Monoclonal Antibodies That Recognize the Influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 Virus Hemagglutinin Receptor-Binding Site and Rarely Yield Escape Mutant Viruses

The influenza A virus rapidly mutates to escape from antibodies. Here, we isolated and characterized three human monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) that neutralize A(H1N1)pdm09 viruses. Generation of escape mutant viruses suggested that these antibodies recognized conserved residues of the receptor-binding site (RBS) of hemagglutinin (HA) and that mutant viruses that escaped from these mAbs rarely appeared. Moreover, the escape mutant viruses grew significantly slower than wild-type virus, indicating their reduced fitness. These results indicate that these three human mAbs against the RBS of HA have the potential to be anti-influenza agents with a low propensity for the development of resistant viruses