Effects of a multi-component exercise program and calcium–vitamin-D3-fortified milk on bone mineral density in older men : a randomised controlled trial

Summary We examined the independent and combined effects of a multi-component exercise program and calcium&ndash;vitamin-D3-fortified milk on bone mineral density (BMD) in older men. Exercise resulted in a 1.8% net gain in femoral neck BMD, but additional calcium&ndash;vitamin D3 did not enhance the response in this group of older well-nourished men.Introduction This 12-month randomised controlled trial assessed whether calcium&ndash;vitamin-D3-fortified milk could enhance the effects of a multi-component exercise program on BMD in older men.Methods Men (n&thinsp; =&thinsp;180) aged 50&ndash;79 years were randomised into: (1) exercise + fortified milk; (2) exercise; (3) fortified milk; or (4) controls. Exercise consisted of high intensity progressive resistance training with weight-bearing impact exercise. Men assigned to fortified milk consumed 400 mL/day of low fat milk providing an additional 1,000 mg/day calcium and 800 IU/day vitamin D3. Femoral neck (FN), total hip, lumbar spine and trochanter BMD and body composition (DXA), muscle strength 25-hydroxyvitamin D and parathyroid hormone (PTH) were assessed.Results There were no exercise-by-fortified milk interactions at any skeletal site. Exercise resulted in a 1.8% net gain in FN BMD relative to no-exercise (p&thinsp;&lt;&thinsp;0.001); lean mass (0.6 kg, p&thinsp;&lt;&thinsp;0.05) and muscle strength (20&ndash;52%, p&thinsp;&lt;&thinsp;0.001) also increased in response to exercise. For lumbar spine BMD, there was a net 1.4&ndash;1.5% increase in all treatment groups relative to controls (all p&thinsp;&lt;&thinsp;0.01). There were no main effects of fortified milk at any skeletal site.Conclusion A multi-component community-based exercise program was effective for increasing FN BMD in older men, but additional calcium&ndash;vitamin D3 did not enhance the osteogenic response.<br /

Berichtsmodul 'Landwirtschaft und Umwelt' in den Umweltökonomischen Gesamtrechnungen: Konzept und beispielhafte Darstellung erster Ergebnisse

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Aufbau des Berichtsmoduls 'Landwirtschaft und Umwelt' in den Umweltökonomischen Gesamtrechnungen

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Composição centesimal, teores de isoflavonas e inibidor de tripsina em cultivares de soja especiais para a alimentação humana.

A soja é considerada uma das principais culturas mundiais por apresentar ampla variabilidade genética e morfológica, que resulta em plantas distintas em relação à composição dos grãos, a à produtividade, à resistência a doenças e pragas e ao cultivo em diferentes regiões. A fim de salientar as características nutricionais desse grão, o presente trabalho teve como objetivo a caracterização físico-química e a quantificação dos teores de isoflavonas e inibidores de tripsina das cultivares de soja especiais para a alimentação humana: Embrapa 48, BRS 213, BRS 216, BRS 257, BRS 258, BRS 267 e BRS 282; e da cultivar convencional BRS 232, todas desenvolvidas pela Embrapa Soja e cultivadas na safra 2009/10. Foram realizadas as seguintes análises: composição centesimal (umidade, proteínas, lipídios, cinzas, carboidratos), teores de isoflavonas totais e de inibidor de tripsina. A cultivar BRS 258 se destacou pelo alto teor de proteína, Embrapa 48 pelo alto teor de lipídios; BRS 213 pelo alto teor de isoflavona e a cultivar BRS 232, pelo baixo teor de inibidor de tripsina. Assim sendo, é possível a indicação de uma cultivar para fins industriais específicos, resultando em maior viabilidade econômica e qualidade dos produtos obtidos

A Comparison of the Ovulation Method With the CUE Ovulation Predictor in Determining the Fertile Period

The purpose of this study was to compare the CUE Ovulation Predictor with the ovulation method in determining the fertile period. Eleven regularly ovulating women measured their salivary and vaginal electrical resistance (ER) with the CUE, observed their cervical-vaginal mucus, and measured their urine for a luteinizing hormone (LH) surge on a daily basis. Data from 21 menstrual cycles showed no statistical difference (T= 0.33, p= 0.63) between the CUE fertile period, which ranged from 5 to 10 days (mean = 6.7 days, SD = 1.6), and the fertile period of the ovulation method, which ranged from 4 to 9 days (mean = 6.5 days, SD = 2.0). The CUE has potential as an adjunctive device in the learning and use of natural family planning methods

Frailty and use of health and community services by community-dwelling older men: the Concord Health and Ageing in Men Project

Background: frailty is a concept used to describe older people at high risk of adverse outcomes, including falls, functional decline, hospital or nursing home admission and death. The associations between frailty and use of specific health and community services have not been investigated. Methods: the cross-sectional relationship between frailty and use of several health and community services in the last 12 months was investigated in 1,674 community-dwelling men aged 70 or older in the Concord Health and Ageing in Men study, a population-based study conducted in Sydney, Australia. Frailty was assessed using a modified version of the Cardiovascular Health Study criteria. Results: overall, 158 (9.4%) subjects were frail, 679 (40.6%) were intermediate (pre-frail) and 837 (50.0%) were robust. Frailty was associated with use of health and community services in the last 12 months, including consulting a doctor, visiting or being visited by a nurse or a physiotherapist, using help with meals or household duties and spending at least one night in a hospital or nursing home. Frail men without disability in activities of daily living were twice more likely to have seen a doctor in the previous 2 weeks than robust men (adjusted odds ratio 2.04, 95% confidence interval 1.21-3.44), independent of age, comorbidity and socio-economic status. Conclusion: frailty is strongly associated with use of health and community services in community-dwelling older men. The high level of use of medical services suggests that doctors and nurses could play a key role in implementation of preventive intervention